Ultrastructural Changes of the Tissue Thromboplastin after Intravenous Injection in Rabbits

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hasegawa ◽  
Hiroshi Nagata ◽  
Makoto Murao
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Sheet Membrane

SummaryAttempts were made to demonstrate ultrastructural changes of the tissue thromboplastin after intravenous injection, as a model experiment on the pulmonary microthrombi formation induced by the tissue thromboplastin circulating from venous return.Concentrically arranged membrane structures of the injected thromboplastin disappeared in extremely short time after the injection of the thromboplastin in rabbits. The long sheet membrane of the injected thromboplastin was frequently seen as adhered to the vascular endothelium or to the surface of blood corpuscles. Furthermore, fibrin fibres were formed in contact with the long sheet membrane of the thromboplastin. Membrane structures were not found anywhere in the control rabbits.

Ultramicroscopic and Coagulation-Fibrinolytic Findings Induced by Tissue Thromboplastin

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Nagata ◽  
T Seya ◽  
Y Oguma ◽  
M Yamauchi ◽  
T Murakoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Hypercoagulable State ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Single Sheet ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the ultrastructures of tissue thromboplastin (T.Tbp) to demonstrate how It changes during coagulation.[Materials and Methods] T.Tbp from lungs of rabbits was used for these studies. It was injected into ear veins of rabbits. Lungs were resected at several seconds, 10sec, 1 min, 5 min, 24 hrs or 48 hrs after the injection. They were examined by transmission electron microscope.[Results] Concentrically arranged membrane structures of the injected T.Tbp disappeared in extremely short time after the injection. 1 min after the injection, fibrin fibers were seen between single sheet of membrane and endothelial cells of capillaries. In the rabbit which had died suddenly after the injection of T.Tbp, multiple pulmonary thrombi made of fibrin and platelets were seen in capillaries. The endothelial cells of capillaries were destroyed and interstitial tissues were edematous.The hypercoagulable state was seen 10~30sec after the start of the injection, indicating the shortening of r of TEG. Then, it gradually returned the level before injection. Moreover, changes of the measurements of fibrinogen, antiplasmin and prekallikrein were also seen after the injection.

Ultramicroscopio and Coagulation-Fibrinolytic Findings Induced by Tissue Thromboplastin

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nagata ◽  
T. Seya ◽  
Y. Oguma ◽  
M. Yamauchi ◽  
T. Murakoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Hypercoagulable State ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Single Sheet ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the ulerastructures of t issue thromboplast in (T. Tbp) to demonst rate how It changes during coagulation.[Haterials and Methods]T. Tbp from lungs of rabbits was used for these studies. It was injected into ear veins of rabbits. Lungs were resected at several seconds, 10sec, 1 min, 5 min, 24 hrs or 48 hrs after the injection. Tljey were examined by transmission electron microscope.[Results] Concentrically arranged membrane structures of the injected T. Tbp disappeared in extremely short time after the injection.1 min after the injection, fibrin fibers were seen between single sheet of membrane and endothelial cells of capillaries. In the rabbit which had died suddenly after the injection of T. Tbp, multiple pulmonary thrombi made of fibrin and platelets were seen In capillaries. The endothelial cells of capillaries were destroyed and interstitial tissues were edematous.The hypercoagulable state was seen 10-30sec after the start of the Injection, indicating the shortening of r of TEG. Then, It gradually returned the level before injection. Moreover, changes of the measurements of fibrinogen, antiplasmin and prekallikrein were also seen after the injection.

Studies on the Tissue Thromboplastin During the Coagulation-Fibrinolytic Process – Ultrastructural Changes

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hasegawa ◽  
Hiroshi Nagata ◽  
Makoto Murao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Electron Microscopical Study ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
Electron Microscopical

SummaryAn electron-microscopical study was made on morphological changes in which T-Tbp would undergo during clotting and fibrinolytic process. Morphological appearance of concentrically arranged membrane structure in T-Tbp remained nearly intact during blood coagulation process. T-Tbp, which existed in the sediments following dissolution of fibrin clot by the application of UK, showed an appearance of fine granules adhering to the surface of aggregates of particles through SEM. Through TEM, T-Tbp in the sediments was found to have retained its concentrically arranged membrane structures in most places, while, in some other places the appearance of fused membranes, smaller single vesicles and long sheets of membranes, and the formation of “blebs” etc. were observed. Various morphological changes caused by fibrinolytic substances accompanied the loss in coagulation activities.Our results showed that coagulation activities of T-Tbp must be completely dependent upon the presence of the membrane structures.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHLOROPLASTS OF AUTUMN LEAVES

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Stearns ◽  
E. B. Wagenaar
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Stroma Lamellae ◽  
Typical Summer ◽  
Palisade Cells ◽  
Acer Ginnala ◽  
Rhus Typhina

The phenomenon of aging of leaves in autumn was studied in three deciduous trees, viz. Acer ginnala Maxim., Populus tremuloides Michx. and Rhus typhina L. The leaves were collected at three stages of development: at maximum summer development, at early senescence, and at a full senescence. Electron microscope studies of fully matured leaves generally showed lens-shaped chloroplasts fairly uniform in shape and size with extensive granalamellae, large starch granules and a few small lipid globules. Green, partly senescent leaves had somewhat smaller chloroplasts with large lipid globules within the reduced stroma-lamellae; virtually no starch granules were present. Fully senescent, brightly coloured, autumn leaves showed a definite decrease in size and number of chloroplasts. These plastids had lost their typical summer structure, were small and cylindrical, and contained densely packed globules that replaced the membrane structures. The presence of the carotenoids in these globules probably contributed to the autumn pigmentation of the leaves. Not all leaf cells followed the above described pattern of senescence at the same rate. The chloroplasts of palisade cells degraded earlier than those in the mesophyll cells.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF THE VESSELS OF THE MESENTERY IN SHOCK PRODUCED BY CONSTRICTING THE LIMBS AND THE BEHAVIOR OF THE VESSELS FOLLOWING HEMORRHAGE

1943 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irvine H. Page ◽  
Richard G. Abell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Bilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Morphological Picture ◽  
Incomplete Occlusion ◽  
Short Time

1. Direct observations of the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veins, and lymphatics in the mesentery of anesthetized cats put into shock by incomplete occlusion of the circulation of the limbs showed that: (a) Marked constriction of the arteries and arterioles, produced by muscular contraction, occurred usually within an hour after incomplete occlusion of the limbs, lasted several hours, and finally gave way in most instances to relaxation an hour or more before death. The constriction reduced the blood supply to the mesentery and intestine and the venous return from them. It did not, however, interrupt the blood flow. No pooling or stagnation of blood was seen even as a terminal phenomenon. (b) The veins of the mesentery also became constricted but showed less tendency to dilate as death approached. The lymphatics likewise became somewhat narrowed. Even during the terminal stage the leukocytes moved along without change in shape or sticking to the walls of the capillaries or venules. (c) Hematocrit determinations showed progressive hemoconcentration of moderate degree. (d) Autopsy usually showed the presence of small hemorrhages in many parts of the body, especially the heart, liver, spleen, and lungs. (e) Bilateral nephrectomy, suprarenalectomy, and pancreatectomy did not significantly alter the morphological picture elicited by shock induced by restriction of the circulation to the limbs. 2. Removal of large amounts of blood was always followed within a short time by constriction of arteries, arterioles, veins, and lymphatics of the mesentery. 3. Fall in arterial pressure produced by pithing was not accompanied by change in diameter of the arteries, arterioles, veins, or lymphatics, or by blanching of the mesentery or gut.

X-ray microanalysis of embryonic tissue exposed to lead

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
Michael R. Kuettel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Cardiovascular Defects ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Cardiovascular Anomaly

Developmental malformations of the cardiovascular system are relatively common and well known. Less well known is the fact that this system may play an important role in the genesis of non-cardiovascular defects. Specifically, pilot studies indicated that caudal malformations in lead treated chick embryos are directly caused by a preceding cardiovascular abnormality; the presence of a large, blood filled caudal hematoma. These hematomas develop 16 to 24 hours after 20 μl of a lead nitrate solution (10 mM) is administered subgerminally on the second day of incubation. Small breaks and ultrastructural changes within the caudal embryonic dorsal aorta were observed as early as 4 hours after treatment. As these hematomas expand, they compress the surrounding soft embryonic tissues, destroying both the spatial relationships between tissues and the integrity of the tissues themselves. Pyknosis follows rapidly, and ultimately the dead or dying tissues and the hematoma itself are resorbed leading to a condition known as rumplessness (caudal dysplasia in humans). Within a short time of the formation of the initial hematoma, a tissue deficit is the only sign that a cardiovascular anomaly has occured.

Sensitivity of Pregnant Mice to Intravenous Tissue Thromboplastin

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-044
Author(s):  
S Coccheri ◽  
P Ollendorff ◽  
T Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin

SummaryPregnant mice are more susceptible to the intravenous injection of tissue thromboplastin than nonpregnant mice. This was true whether death of the animal, or the appearance of neurological symptoms, was used as indicator of toxicity. Increase of fibrinogen concentration or prior injection of plasmin or of a protease inhibitor (trypsin inhibitor from bovine lung) did not influence the immediate toxic effects. The reason for the increased sensitivity of pregnant mice to tissue thromboplastin remains undisclosed. Inhibition of tissue thromboplastin by serum is a slow process. The reported increase in inhibition of tissue thromboplastin by serum from pregnant individuals could not be confirmed.

Ultrastructural Changes in in vitro Ageing Spinach Chloroplasts

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 82-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kulandaivelu ◽  
D. O . Hall
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Thylakoid Membranes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
In Vitro Ageing

Abstract Ultrastructural changes in in vitro ageing spinach chloroplasts have been studied in detail. Prolonged storage caused swelling of the chloroplasts due to the increase in the thickness and spacing of the thylakoid membranes. The increase in the thickness of the membrane is partly accompanied by the release of lipids. Addition of crystalline bovine serum albumin was found to stabilize the membrane structures. Storage of the chloroplasts at 77 °K even though it resulted in complete breakage of the whole chloroplasts, maintained the thylakoid structures in a highly intact form.

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