M945. Nonhepahinic Mucopolisacarid. In Vivo Studies(Humans)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Giuliani ◽  
E. Stwarcer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Enhanced Activity ◽  
Post Infusion ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Made In

It has been reported,in in vivo studies (doga, rabbita), that the antithrombotic protection of heparin is clearly related to AntiXa enhanced activity,than to a particular KCCT level(1)(2)In this work, 20 healthy individuals were studied. KCCT, TT, AntiXa (Denaon-Bonnar) deter minations were made. In vitro studies of M945 actiona on these tests, at different plasma concentrations of the drug (0.02-0.2UI/al) were performed.M945 waa then SC administered, 100UI/kg weight, and blood aamples collected each two houra, and KCCT, TT, AntiXa studied.In vitro samples showed no differences in KCCT, TT, and Anti Xa activity, that the ones expected when using heparin. In 16 humana, in post infusion studie s, it was seen that nearly no changea on KCCT or TT occured,vhile AntiAa waS enhanced in its activity, up to 90" (more than corresponding valuea for 0.2UI/al of heparin in plaamal.Further work with similar drugs to M945, should open the poasibility of safe antithrombotic treatments in patients with anticoagulant contraindications.1. Szwarcer E, Giuliani R, vIII World Congr Cardiol, Abatr, 1, 1159, pg 381, 19782. Chiu HM, Hirsh J, Yung WL, Regoeczi E, Gent H, Elood, Vol 49, N82, 171, (feb), 1977

Transplantation of Adipose-derived Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 504-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic ◽  
Bassam Felipe Mogharbel ◽  
Priscila Elias Ferreira ◽  
Ana Carolina Irioda ◽  
Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Study Designs

This systematic review evaluated the transplantation of cells derived from adipose tissue for applications in dentistry. SCOPUS, PUBMED and LILACS databases were searched for in vitro studies and pre-clinical animal model studies using the keywords “ADIPOSE”, “CELLS”, and “PERIODONTAL”, with the Boolean operator “AND”. A total of 160 titles and abstracts were identified, and 29 publications met the inclusion criteria, 14 in vitro and 15 in vivo studies. In vitro studies demonstrated that adipose- derived cells stimulate neovascularization, have osteogenic and odontogenic potential; besides adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on probable cell carriers. Preclinical studies described improvement of bone and periodontal healing with the association of adipose-derived cells and the carrier materials tested: Platelet Rich Plasma, Fibrin, Collagen and Synthetic polymer. There is evidence from the current in vitro and in vivo data indicating that adipose-derived cells may contribute to bone and periodontal regeneration. The small quantity of studies and the large variation on study designs, from animal models, cell sources and defect morphology, did not favor a meta-analysis. Additional studies need to be conducted to investigate the regeneration variability and the mechanisms of cell participation in the processes. An overview of animal models, cell sources, and scaffolds, as well as new perspectives are provided for future bone and periodontal regeneration study designs.

Focus on the therapeutic efficacy of 3BNC117 against HIV-1: In vitro studies, in vivo studies, clinical trials and challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Jun Liu ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Feng-Li Liu ◽  
Xiang-Yang Zhang ◽  
Jing-Zhang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Hiv 1

The Control Of Antithrombotic Prophylaxis And Therapy: A Pro-Coagulant Effect Of Heparin

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Szwarcer ◽  
R Giuliani ◽  
E Martinez Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Platelet Poor Plasma ◽  
Normal Platelet

For studying heparin effect on blood coagulation and on inhibitors, the drug was added at increasing amounts to a normal platelet poor plasma (PPP), and to plasmas of patients with variable amounts of clotting factors (cirrhotic, pregnant, etc) -IN VITRO STUDIES-, and infused to the same individuals -IN VIVO STUDIES-. Modifications on two clotting assays (KCCT-TT) were compared to heparin potentiating effect on AntiXa (Denson & Bonnar tech).When studied IN VITRO, the sensibility of KCCT, TT, and AntiXa techniques for heparin measurement was similar. IN VIVO, an apparently greater sensibility using AntiXa technique was observed.For determining if this phenomena was related to a specific enhanced potentiating effect of the inhibitor against Xa, exerted by heparin IN VIVO, experiences were repeated IN VITRO and IN VIVO, measuring heparin effect on KCCT, TT, and on the inhibitor, studied against Xa and thrombin. A personal technique was used for the measurement of Antithrombin III heparin potentiating effect, using diluted platelet poor test plasma, heated (56°C 15’) and incubated with thrombin during a fixed time, and reading residual thrombin on citrated human PPP. IN VITRO, all techniques were similar in their ability to show heparin presence.IN VIVO, the potentiating effect of heparin on the inhibitor, measured against Xa or thrombin, was greater than the changes obtained on KCCT or TT.So, AntiXa-Antithrombin III techniques seem to be more sensitive for heparin measurement IN VIVO.This “dissociation” of results in between the potentiating effect on the inhibitor, that is not simultaneously exerted on global coagulation, is interpreted as a heparin pro-coagulant effect, exerted by the drug IN VIVO.

scholarly journals Engineering Silicone Rubbers for In Vitro Studies: Creating AAA Models and ILT Analogues With Physiological Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Corbett ◽  
B. J. Doyle ◽  
A. Callanan ◽  
M. T. Walsh ◽  
T. M. McGloughlin
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Aortic Tissue ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Diameter Change

In vitro studies of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) have been widely reported. Frequently mock artery models with intraluminal thrombus (ILT) analogs are used to mimic the in vivo AAA. While the models used may be physiological, their properties are frequently either not reported or investigated. This study is concerned with the testing and characterization of previously used vessel analog materials and the development of new materials for the manufacture of AAA models. These materials were used in conjunction with a previously validated injection molding technique to manufacture AAA models of ideal geometry. To determine the model properties (stiffness (β) and compliance), the diameter change of each AAA model was investigated under incrementally increasing internal pressures and compared with published in vivo studies to determine if the models behaved physiologically. A FEA study was implemented to determine if the pressure-diameter change behavior of the models could be predicted numerically. ILT analogs were also manufactured and characterized. Ideal models were manufactured with ILT analog internal to the aneurysm region, and the effect of the ILT analog on the model compliance and stiffness was investigated. The wall materials had similar properties (Einit 2.22 MPa and 1.57 MPa) to aortic tissue at physiological pressures (1.8 MPa (from literature)). ILT analogs had a similar Young’s modulus (0.24 MPa and 0.33 MPa) to the medial layer of ILT (0.28 MPa (from literature)). All models had aneurysm sac compliance (2.62–8.01×10−4/mm Hg) in the physiological range (1.8–9.4×10−4/mm Hg (from literature)). The necks of the AAA models had similar stiffness (20.44–29.83) to healthy aortas (17.5±5.5 (from literature)). Good agreement was seen between the diameter changes due to pressurization in the experimental and FEA wall models with a maximum difference of 7.3% at 120 mm Hg. It was also determined that the inclusion of ILT analog in the sac of the models could have an effect on the compliance of the model neck. Ideal AAA models with physiological properties were manufactured. The behavior of these models due to pressurization was predicted using finite element analysis, validating this technique for the future design of realistic physiological AAA models. Addition of ILT analogs in the aneurysm sac was shown to affect neck behavior. This could have implications for endovascular AAA repair due to the importance of the neck for stent-graft fixation.

scholarly journals Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway for Developing Therapies for Hair Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Intracellular Targets ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Made In

Persistent hair loss is a major cause of psychological distress and compromised quality of life in millions of people worldwide. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of hair loss and identifying valid intracellular targets for designing effective therapies for hair loss treatment. Whereas a variety of growth factors and signaling pathways have been implicated in hair cycling process, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a central role in hair follicle regeneration. Several plant-derived chemicals have been reported to promote hair growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in various in vitro and in vivo studies. This mini-review sheds light on the role of Wnt/β-catenin in promoting hair growth and the current progress in designing hair loss therapies by targeting this signaling pathway.

Measurement of axial forces during emptying from the human stomach

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. G230-G239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Vassallo ◽  
M. Camilleri ◽  
C. M. Prather ◽  
R. B. Hanson ◽  
G. M. Thomforde
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Force Transducer ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Axial Forces

Our aim was to measure axial forces in the stomach and to evaluate their relation to circumferential contractions of the gastric walls and the emptying of gastric content. We used a combination of simultaneous radioscintigraphy, gastroduodenal manometry, and an axial force transducer with an inflatable 2-ml balloon fluoroscopically placed in the antrum. In vitro studies demonstrated that the axial force transducer records only antegrade forces along the longitudinal axis of this probe in an intensity-dependent manner. In vivo studies were performed in five healthy subjects for at least 3 h after ingestion of radiolabeled meals. When administered separately, the emptying of liquids or solids from the stomach is associated with generation of antral axial forces and coincident phasic pressure activity; however, almost 20% (average) of gastric axial forces during emptying of liquids or solids are unassociated with proximal or distal antral pressure activity ("isolated" forces). High amplitude antral axial forces and pressures occur during both lag and postlag emptying phases. During emptying of liquids, there is a trend for axial forces to be coincident more often with proximal than with distal antral pressure activity and vice versa for the emptying of solids (P = 0.015). These data suggest that when placed in the antrum, the transducer can semiquantitatively record axial forces during gastric emptying. By combining these observations with the data from in vitro studies, it appears that axial forces predominantly result from traction on the balloon by the longitudinal vector resulting from circumferential gastric contractions. The combination of radioscintigraphy and measurement of antral axial forces is a promising method to evaluate mechanical forces involved in the emptying of the human stomach.

Digestibility of Native and Modified Starches: In Vitro Studies with Human and Rabbit Pancreatic Amylases and In Vivo Studies in Rabbits

1985 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping C. Lee ◽  
Stephen P. Brooks ◽  
Ok Kim ◽  
Leo A. Heitlinger ◽  
Emanuel Lebenthal
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Modified Starches

scholarly journals Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium (MSC-CM) in the Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review from 2007-2018

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo ◽  
Jessica Fiolin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Background: The therapeutic value of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is attributable in part to paracrine pathways triggered by several secreted factors secreted into culture media. The secreted factor here is known as the conditioned medium (CM) or secretome. Objectives: This review is aimed to investigate and summarise the in-vitro, pre-clinical in-vivo studies regarding the role of CM-MSC in bone regeneration from 2007 until 2018 Data Sources: A systematic literature search on PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID, Scopus and Cochrane library was carried out by using search terms: Secretome, conditioned medium, mesenchymal stem cell, bone healing, osteogenic, osteogenesis. Methods: A total of 611 articles were reviewed. Ten articles were identified as relevant for this systematic literature review. Results: Three tables of studies were constructed for in vitro studies and in-vivo studies. Conclusion: All of the included in-vitro studies and in-vivo studies have shown a promoting effect of bone regeneration at various stages. Although there are no clinical studies regarding the use of CM-MSC in the human bone regeneration that have been conducted, transplantation of secretome has shown a promising result in the acceleration of bone healing process.

An overview of the toxicology of HFA-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Alexander ◽  
SE Libretto
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Metered Dose Inhalers ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Local Tolerance ◽  
Metered Dose

1 This paper reviews the results of preclinical toxicology studies on HFA-134a carried out by Glaxo Research and Development Ltd. 2 A comprehensive range of studies was conducted in ani mal models suitable for the type of investigation. 3 The inhalation route of administration was used in all in vivo studies (with the exception of local tolerance and sensitisation studies) as patients will be exposed only to vapour during actuation of metered-dose inhalers. Cell cultures used for in vitro studies were also exposed to the vapour. 4 There was no mortality of rodents or dogs at extremely high vapour concentrations (81%v/v). 5 HFA-134a was considered not to be toxic or oncogenic and to provide a safe alternative to chlorofluorocarbons for use in pharmaceutical metered-dose inhalers.

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