scholarly journals From Anti-EBV Immune Responses to the EBV Diseasome via Cross-reactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 051-063
Author(s):  
Darja Kanduc ◽  
Yehuda Shoenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Reactive Lymphocytes ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractSequence analyses highlight a massive peptide sharing between immunoreactive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) epitopes and human proteins that—when mutated, deficient or improperly functioning—associate with tumorigenesis, diabetes, lupus, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and immunodeficiencies, among others. Peptide commonality appears to be the molecular platform capable of linking EBV infection to the vast EBV-associated diseasome via cross-reactivity and questions the hypothesis of the “negative selection” of self-reactive lymphocytes. Of utmost importance, this study warns that using entire antigens in anti-EBV immunotherapies can associate with autoimmune manifestations and further supports the concept of peptide uniqueness for designing safe and effective anti-EBV immunotherapies.

scholarly journals Genetic and Structural Basis for Selection of a Ubiquitous T Cell Receptor Deployed in Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e1001198 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Miles ◽  
Anna M. Bulek ◽  
David K. Cole ◽  
Emma Gostick ◽  
Andrea J. A. Schauenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Selection Of

Manipulation of immune responses by Epstein–Barr virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Levitsky ◽  
Maria G Masucci
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Characterization of an Epstein–Barr virus-related gammaherpesvirus from common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 1621-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hal B. Jenson ◽  
Yasmin Ench ◽  
Yanjin Zhang ◽  
Shou-Jiang Gao ◽  
John R. Arrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

A gammaherpesvirus related to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV; Human herpesvirus 4) infects otherwise healthy common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Long-term culture of common marmoset peripheral blood lymphocytes resulted in outgrowth of spontaneously immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines, primarily of B cell lineage. Electron microscopy of cells and supernatants showed herpesvirus particles. There were high rates of serological cross-reactivity to other herpesviruses (68–86%), but with very low geometric mean antibody titres [1:12 to human herpesvirus 6 and 1:14 to Herpesvirus papio (Cercopithecine herpesvirus 12)]. Sequence analysis of the conserved herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene showed that the virus is a member of the lymphocryptovirus subgroup and is most closely related to a lymphocryptovirus from rhesus macaques and is closely related to EBV and Herpesvirus papio. High seroprevalence (79%, with geometric mean antibody titre of 1:110) among 28 common marmosets from two geographically distinct colonies indicated that the virus is likely present in many common marmosets in captivity. A New World primate harbouring a lymphocryptovirus suggests that this subgroup arose much earlier than previously thought.

scholarly journals Peptide matching between Epstein-Barr virus and human proteins

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Capone ◽  
Michele Calabrò ◽  
Guglielmo Lucchese ◽  
Candida Fasano ◽  
Bruna Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Epstein Barr

Bystander inhibition of humoral immune responses by Epstein–Barr virus LMP1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Yuan Tsai ◽  
Shuhei Sakakibara ◽  
Teruhito Yasui ◽  
Takeharu Minamitani ◽  
Daisuke Okuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Epstein Barr

Biology and Treatment of Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

Hematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E. Heslop
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several different types of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Individuals with primary or secondary immunodeficiency are susceptible to developing B cell lymphoproliferation due to outgrowth of EBV-infected B cells that express type III latency characterized by expression of all nine latent-cycle EBV antigens. These cells would normally be susceptible to control by EBV-specific T cells, and strategies to restore EBV-specific immune responses may be effective therapeutically. EBV-associated lymphomas occurring in individuals who do not have a known immunodeficiency include NK and T malignancies with cytotoxic phenotypes, sporadic cases of B-NHL and lymphomatoid granulomatosis. These malignancies respond poorly to standard chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapeutic or pharmacologic strategies targeting EBV are being explored.

scholarly journals Epstein–Barr virus and virus human protein interaction maps

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 7606-7611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Calderwood ◽  
Kavitha Venkatesan ◽  
Li Xing ◽  
Michael R. Chase ◽  
Alexei Vazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Human Protein ◽  
Human Interactome ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Human Protein Interaction ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Epstein Barr

A comprehensive mapping of interactions among Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) proteins and interactions of EBV proteins with human proteins should provide specific hypotheses and a broad perspective on EBV strategies for replication and persistence. Interactions of EBV proteins with each other and with human proteins were assessed by using a stringent high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system. Overall, 43 interactions between EBV proteins and 173 interactions between EBV and human proteins were identified. EBV–EBV and EBV–human protein interaction, or “interactome” maps provided a framework for hypotheses of protein function. For example, LF2, an EBV protein of unknown function interacted with the EBV immediate early R transactivator (Rta) and was found to inhibit Rta transactivation. From a broader perspective, EBV genes can be divided into two evolutionary classes, “core” genes, which are conserved across all herpesviruses and subfamily specific, or “noncore” genes. Our EBV–EBV interactome map is enriched for interactions among proteins in the same evolutionary class. Furthermore, human proteins targeted by EBV proteins were enriched for highly connected or “hub” proteins and for proteins with relatively short paths to all other proteins in the human interactome network. Targeting of hubs might be an efficient mechanism for EBV reorganization of cellular processes.

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