Simultaneous Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus from a Needle-Stick Injury

1997 ◽  
Vol 336 (13) ◽  
pp. 919-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Ridzon ◽  
Kathleen Gallagher ◽  
Carol Ciesielski ◽  
Eric E. Mast ◽  
Michael B. Ginsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Simultaneous Transmission

scholarly journals PENULARAN PENYAKIT TERHADAP PERAWAT AKIBAT KECELAKAAN KERJA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmal Umara Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogen

Rumah sakit merupakan suatu tempat yang berisiko terjadinya cedera. Hal ini disebabkan karena berbagai kegiatan dirumah sakit sangat berhubungan dengan penyakit-penyakit berbahaya, prosedur kritis dengan alat atau benda tajam. WHO (1995) memperkirakan 10% petugas kesehatan mengalami injury benda tajam. Kecelakaan dalam bekerja dapat diakibatkan oleh kelalaian pekerja, bekerja melebihi batas kemampuan atau ergonomis yang buruk dalam bekerja. Dalam bidang kesehatan, kelalaian dalam bekerja bisa terjadi apa saja. Salah satunya adalah tertusuk jarum atau benda tajam di rumah sakit. Jarum suntik dan alat medis yang tajam merupakan alat medis yang bersentuhan langsung dengan jaringan tubuh dan darah pasien. Tenaga kesehatan yang lalai dapat tertular melalui jarum suntik yang terkontaminasi cairan tubuh pasien yang terinfeksi. Petugas kesehatan berisiko terpapar darah dan cairan tubuh yang terinfeksi (bloodborne pathogen) yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) dan HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya melalui luka tusuk jarum atau yang dikenal dengan istilah Needle Stick Injury atau NSI (Hermana, 2006). Luka atau cidera akibat tertusuk jarum atau benda tajam lainnya merupakan hal yang sangat perlu diperhatikan. Apabila seorang petugas kesehatan tanpa sengaja terluka akibat tertusuk jarum yang sudah terkontaminasi cairan tubuh orang yang sakit maka beresiko terjadi penularan sekurang-kurangnya 20 patogen potensial. Dua patogen yang sangat berbahaya adalah Hepatitis B (HBV) dan Human Immunodefidiensy Virus (HIV). Hepatitis B (HBV) adalah infeksi pada hati atau liver. Penyakit ini sering ditemui dan penyebaran nya 100 kali lebih cepat dari HIV dan dapat menyebabkan kematian.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KECELAKAAN KERJA TERTUSUK JARUM SUNTIK ATAU BENDA TAJAM LAINNYA PADA PERAWAT DI RSUD LEUWILIANG KABUPATEN BOGOR TAHUN 2018

PROMOTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Sylvia Puspitasari ◽  
Supriyanto . ◽  
Rubi Ginanjar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

<p>Petugas kesehatan berisiko tertular penyakit dari darah/cairan tubuh (bloodborne pathogen) melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya melalui luka tusuk jarum atau yang dikenal dengan istilah Needle Stick Injury (NSI). Risiko yang dapat terjadi jika tertusuk jarum dapat menimbulkan infeksi HBV<br />(Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) dan HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecelakaan kerja tertusuk jarum suntik atau benda tajam lainnya pada Perawat di RSUD Leuwiliang Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 71 orang. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan menganalisis data dengan uji statistik chisquare<br />menggunakan perangkat lunak aplikasi statistic (SPSS 16). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tindakan tidak aman (p-value = 0,461), kondisi tidak aman (p-value = 0,301, masa kerja (p-value = 0,757), pengetahuan (p-value = 0,190), pengawasan (p-value = 0,090)<br />dengan kecelakaan kerja tertusuk jarum suntik atau benda tajam lainnya. Sedangkan untuk variabel lainnya, ada hubungan antara keterampilan (p-value = 0,010) OR = 0,237 (95% CI: 0,085-0,662), pelatihan (p value = 0,022) OR = 3,566 (95% CI: 1,313-9,688) dengan kecelakaan kerja tertusuk<br />jarum suntik atau benda tajam lainnya. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kurangnya keterampilan dan pelatihan mempengaruhi perawat dalam kecelakaan kerja, karena keterampilan dan pelatihan dibutuhkan seseorang dalam setiap pekerjaan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan keahliannya<br />sehingga mampu menyelesaikan tugas dengan baik dan dapat terhindar dari risiko kecelakaan kerja</p>

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on the Outcome of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Ramazan Idilman ◽  
Alessandra Colantoni ◽  
Nicola De Maria ◽  
James M. Harig ◽  
David H. van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Algorithms for the Testing of Tissue Donors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Axel Pruß ◽  
Akila Chandrasekar ◽  
Jacinto Sánchez-Ibáñez ◽  
Sophie Lucas-Samuel ◽  
Ulrich Kalus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tissue Donors ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Although transmission of pathogenic viruses through human tissue grafts is rare, it is still one of the most serious dreaded risks of transplantation. Therefore, in addition to the detailed medical and social history, a comprehensive serologic and molecular screening of the tissue donors for relevant viral markers for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is necessary. In the case of reactive results in particular, clear decisions regarding follow-up testing and the criteria for tissue release must be made. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Based on the clinical relevance of the specific virus markers, the sensitivity of the serological and molecular biological methods used and the application of inactivation methods, algorithms for tissue release are suggested. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compliance with the preanalytical requirements and assessment of a possible hemodilution are mandatory requirements before testing the blood samples. While HIV testing follows defined algorithms, the procedures for HBV and HCV diagnostics are under discussion. Screening and decisions for HBV are often not as simple, e.g., due to cases of occult HBV infection, false-positive anti-HBc results, or early window period positive HBV NAT results. In the case of HCV diagnostics, modern therapies with direct-acting antivirals, which are often associated with successful treatment of the infection, should be included in the decision. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In HBV and HCV testing, a high-sensitivity virus genome test should play a central role in diagnostics, especially in the case of equivocal serology, and it should be the basis for the decision to release the tissue. The proposed test algorithms and decisions are also based on current European recommendations and standards for safety and quality assurance in tissue and cell banking.

scholarly journals Improvement of Gut Diversity and Composition After Direct-Acting Antivirals in Hepatitis C Virus–Infected Patients With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natthaya Chuaypen ◽  
Thananya Jinato ◽  
Anchalee Avihingsanon ◽  
Sakkarin Chirapongsathorn ◽  
Supapon Cheevadhanarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background The influence of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on the composition of gut microbiota in hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected patients with or without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is unclear. Methods We enrolled 62 patients with HCV monoinfection and 24 patients with HCV/HIV coinfection receiving elbasvir-grazoprevir from a clinical trial. Fecal specimens collected before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment were analyzed using amplicon-based 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Results Sustained virological response rates in the monoinfection and coinfection groups were similar (98.4% vs 95.8%). Pretreatment bacterial communities in the patient groups were less diverse and distinct from those of healthy controls. Compared with HCV-monoinfected patients, HCV/HIV-coinfected individuals showed comparable microbial alpha diversity but decreased Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes ratios. The improvement of microbial dysbiosis was observed in responders achieving sustained virological response across fibrosis stages but was not found in nonresponders. Responders with a low degree of fibrosis exhibited a recovery in alpha diversity to levels comparable to those in healthy controls. Reciprocal alterations of increased beneficial bacteria and reduced pathogenic bacteria were also observed in responders. Conclusions This study indicates a short-term effect of direct-acting antivirals in restoration of microbial dysbiosis. The favorable changes in gut microbiota profiles after viral eradication might contribute toward the reduction of HCV-related complications among infected individuals.

Transmission of hepatitis C virus by needle-stick injury in community settings

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1882-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S Haber ◽  
Margaret M Young ◽  
Lloyd Dorrington ◽  
Andrew Jones ◽  
John Kaldor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Needle Stick
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document