Sources of Economic Growth in MENA Countries: Technological Progress, Physical or Human Capital Accumulations?

2016 ◽  
pp. 27-69
Author(s):  
Senay Acikgoz ◽  
Mohamed Sami Ben Ali ◽  
Merter Mert
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Mena Countries

scholarly journals Institutions as the Main Determinant in Economic Growth

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Nugroho ◽  
N. Haidy Ahmad Pasay ◽  
Arie Damayanti ◽  
Maddaremmeng Andi Panennungi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
The World ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model

The studies on human capital and technological progress have given incredible insights on how countries in the world differ from one another. Yet there are more than those two reasons to account for differences among countries. There is a third reason why a country would differ in terms of its economic development progress, namely institutional factors. Hence developing institutional indices would give a deeper explanation than a mere theory. On the other hand, we can corroborate the institutional index with the general theory that low-quality institutions will impact an economy negatively. This study seeks to broaden the understanding of causes of economic growth by incorporating institutional index into a semi-endogenous growth model and finds a relationship between that index with human capital and technological progress

Dynamics in a Non-Scale R&D Endogenous Economic Growth for Chinese Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 933-946
Author(s):  
Qiong He
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Technology Spillover ◽  
Technology Gap ◽  
State Growth

By introducing nonlinear technology gap into Jones (1995b), this chapter constructs an R&D non-scale growth model that includes endogenous human capital and technological progress. The goal is to take the model’s implications to the data to explaining the Chinese economic development experiences at period 1979-2004. Our model suggests that the technology gap has the block neck effect on the economic development. The market competitive equilibrium solution shows that R&D and technology spillover can enhance the steady state growth rate. The mode’s transitional dynamics is also analyzed on the effects of human capital, capital, technological progress and intersectional labor movements on economic growth, technological progress has the most effect on the economic development, and more human capital shift into R&D sector from final goods sector.

The Different Contribution of Productive Factors to Economic Growth in mena Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 127-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del P. Pablo-Romero ◽  
Antonio Sánchez-Braza ◽  
Mohammed Bouznit
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
North African ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study is to analyse the extent to which different productive factors, and the relationships that exist between them, affect the economic growth of productivity in ten Middle Eastern and North African (mena) countries during the period 1990-2010. A translog production function is estimated by using panel data and the contribution of the factors to growth is calculated. The results show a positive effect of the physical and human capital on productivity and high complementarity relationships between them, both factors being essential in determining economic growth. However, the magnitude of their contribution varies substantially between the ten countries considered. Thus, the capitalisation of the economies and the improvement of the human capital seem to be key policy elements of economic growth in these countries. Nevertheless, a considerable part of the economic growth cannot be explained by these factors, particularly in Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia.

Dynamics in a Non-Scale R&D Endogenous Economic Growth for Chinese Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 124-138
Author(s):  
Qiong He
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Technology Spillover ◽  
Technology Gap ◽  
State Growth

By introducing nonlinear technology gap into Jones (1995b), this chapter constructs an R&D non-scale growth model that includes endogenous human capital and technological progress. The goal is to take the model’s implications to the data to explaining the Chinese economic development experiences at period 1979-2004. Our model suggests that the technology gap has the block neck effect on the economic development. The market competitive equilibrium solution shows that R&D and technology spillover can enhance the steady state growth rate. The mode’s transitional dynamics is also analyzed on the effects of human capital, capital, technological progress and intersectional labor movements on economic growth, technological progress has the most effect on the economic development, and more human capital shift into R&D sector from final goods sector.

scholarly journals The Relation between Human Capital and Economic Growth in MENA Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Hakan Acaroğlu ◽  
Ayşen Altun Ada
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Per Capita

The aim of this study is to analyze the relation between human capital and economic growth for the years between 1990 and 2011 in 15 MENA (Middle East and North Africa) countries. Knowles and Owen’s (1995) model which is based on Mankiw et al. (1992)’s Augmented Solow Model in principle is used as the economic model in the study. However, the statistical analysis is panel-data for the countries. Human capital is represented by both health and education at the same time. The findings show that public expenditure on human capital does not have any significant effect on economic growth neither in terms of health nor education. But this does not change the fact that when health and education quality are improved, the GDP per capita would increase, thus growth can be much more effective. 

scholarly journals Role of human capital in the promotion of technological progress, economic growth and development in Africa: A case study of Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Alani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Human Capital Index

Background: This article evaluates the role of human capital in the promotion of technological progress, economic growth and development in Africa by focusing on the case of Kenya.Objectives: The overall objective of this article was to evaluate the effects of human capital on technological progress, economic growth and development in Kenya over the period between 1971 and 2014.Method: In this article, human capital was measured by human capital index defined as the ratio of current level of human capital in the national economy to the level of human capital 2 years ago. In particular, human capital in the broad sense was estimated by computing the ratio between 2 years of the hypotenuse of capital and labour vectors, and this measure outperformed all the other measures of human capital by yielding very good regression results by way of the generalised least squares technique.Results: Based on the econometric and statistical analyses, human capital in Kenya was found to have had a positive influence on economic growth in the long run. Human capital was also found to have had a positive influence on labour in the long run.Conclusion: Both human capital formation and technological progress should be given priority in the promotion of economic growth and development in Kenya rather than merely increasing the productivity of either capital or labour. Capital accumulation and labour generation should also be encouraged because increase in the two variables always under normal circumstances results in economic growth and development.

Human Capital Accumulation and Resource Abundance

2011 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
O. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Crowd Out

Does resource abundance positively affect human capital accumulation? Or, alternatively, does it «crowd out» the human capital leading to the deterioration of economic growth? The paper gives an overview of the relevant literature and discusses both theoretical and empirical results obtained regarding the connection between human capital accumulation and resource abundance. It shows that despite some theoretical predictions about the harmful effect of resource abundance on human capital accumulation, unambiguous evidence of such impact that would be robust with respect to the change of resource abundance parameter has not been obtained yet.

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