Older Migrants’ Social Capital in Host Countries: A Pan-European Comparison

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-180
Author(s):  
Caroline Berchet ◽  
Nicolas Sirven
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Older Migrants ◽  
European Comparison

scholarly journals Diaspora Marketing Revisited: The nexus of entrepreneurs and consumers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Fatma Zeren
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Market Entry ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Business Network ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The Social

In this article, we discuss the role of diaspora as a business network and an opportunity window for foreign market entry following the concept of diaspora market entry or transnational market entry mode. As sources of information on both home and host countries, diasporas offer opportunities and enable entrepreneurs and thus serve as a significant social capital resource for foreign investors. For willing or the reluctant, investors may find an easy way to enter mature markets and thus internationalise at relative ease by the facilitating effect of diaspora presence in a target market. Diasporas, among their many characteristics, also known for growing a longing for what is “home” or “homeland”. Thus there emerges demand for those products and services they used to consume prior to migration abroad (i.e. nostalgic consumption). It takes place at a crossroads of passion for national identity and nostalgic consumption. For diaspora entrepreneurs, the social capital they have means business to satisfy the “nostalgia” demand as well as expanding markets for brands from their countries of origin.

scholarly journals Reaching in: Meaning-making, receiving context and inequalities in refugees’ support networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 003802612094560
Author(s):  
Stefan Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Ego Networks ◽  
Bonding And Bridging ◽  
Bridging Ties

What types of social contacts and support networks do recent migrants build when arriving in their host countries? The literature on social capital stresses the distinction between bonding ties (to people from the same ethnic group) and bridging ties (to people from other groups) and discusses their respective effects on migrants. However, recent critics of these approaches suggest a closer examination of bonding and bridging ties as well as what meaning they have and how they manage the flow of resources. Following this lead, I suggest a dynamic and contextualised approach to social capital that rests upon a detailed understanding of the meaning-making within supportive ties. Empirically, the article investigates bridging ties that ‘reach in’ from recently arrived refugees to more established residents in Germany. I distinguish reaching-in links from reaching-in ties and argue that both interweave in complex ways with institutions and discourses in the host country. Furthermore, the analysis suggests network-related inequalities within the group of refugees. In particular, refugees’ ego-networks vary considerably with respect to possibilities to produce and convert social capital into other forms of capital, such as cultural capital.

Tracing the Legacy: China's Historical Aid and Contemporary Investment in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa Morgan ◽  
Yu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Fdi Determinants

Abstract In this article we depart from the classic model of foreign direct investment (FDI) determinants and examine the effect of sociohistorical factors on FDI. We argue that past foreign aid projects confer social capital that constitutes specific resources available to investors in the present, increasing their preferences for host countries in which their home country has accumulated more social capital. We use new data on China's historical aid in Africa to test these contentions, uncovering a positive, significant connection between China's historical aid program in Africa (1956–1999) and contemporary (2000–2015) investments by Chinese companies. While China's historical aid may have been politically driven, it has had important long-term consequences for its commercial investors. More broadly, these findings suggest a sociohistorical explanation of the puzzle of why Chinese foreign investments deviate from conventional FDI patterns.

Collective trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Umaharan Thamotharampillai ◽  
Daya Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Dysfunctional Family ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse

Natural and manmade disasters can severely impact on family and community structures and processes to cause collective trauma. Observations, experiences, and work in multiple migration situations around the world and literature survey have informed this study. Collective trauma can lead to migration and manifest in migrant populations as high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, depletion of social capital, dysfunctional family dynamics, loss of motivation, dependence, helplessness, hostility, distrust, suspicion, despair, alcohol and drug abuse, and a variety of social pathologies, as well as historical and transgenerational effects. Procedures, support systems, and atmospheres in host countries can mitigate and help to resolve collective trauma or exacerbate, worsen, and prolong healing. Rebuilding social capital, communality, trust, networks, feeling of collective efficacy, promoting family unity, adaptation to host culture, and learning the language can be salutary. Historical communities will have elements of resilient functioning that should be recognized, respected, and encouraged, while exclusive and maladaptive practices can be discouraged.

scholarly journals Income Inequality, Social Capital, and Perceived Trust - A European Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Perceived Trust ◽  
European Comparison

Income Inequality, Social Capital, and Perceived Trust - A European Comparison

scholarly journals Feeling like a million miles away from home? Well-being at work of expatriates in the resources sector in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 239700222110637
Author(s):  
Harum Apriyanti ◽  
Kate Hutchings ◽  
Ruth McPhail
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Safety Work ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Depth Interviews

As the world of business becomes increasingly globalised, there is greater mobility of workers internationally. Prior research has found expatriates (and their families) experience work and cultural stressors when living and working in host countries, and the stressors may be greater when working in remote locations. This research explores perceptions of well-being a of expatriates at work in the resources sector, including how social capital impacts on the well-being of expatriates. The research was undertaken in Indonesia and involved semi-structured in-depth interviews with 43 resources sector expatriates, 8 spouses and 7 human resource managers who provided their perceptions of the well-being of expatriates at work. The findings highlight nine aspects of well-being at work for expatriates in the resources sector in Indonesia, including: social aspect, safety/security, benefits and disadvantages, work aspects, job and other attitudes, eudaimonic aspect, work-life balance, affect and external influences. The findings particularly emphasise the importance of safety, work life balances and external (organisational) influences. The research contributes to expatriate, well-being and social capital literature by providing an understanding of well-being at work for expatriates working in non-standard (often remote) workplaces in the resources sector. While the research was undertaken in Indonesia and includes context-specific examples from this developing country, the conceptualisation of well-being at work has broader application for employees working in non-standard workplaces across many sectors and contexts.

scholarly journals Social Capital of Ukrainian Migrant Communities: Theoretization and Empirical Research Experience

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The Social ◽  
External Migration

The article is dedicated to less studied aspect of external migration namely to the formation and functioning of migrant communities in host countries. The expediency of using the theory of social capital and the theory of migration networks as a theoretical and methodological basis for the study of migrant communities is substantiated. The developments of R. Park, J. Coleman, A. Portes are analyzed and the basic operational parameters of the social capital of migrant communities are constructed. The parameters of the functioning and transformation of social capital are analyzed in a two-dimensional space of autonomy and efficiency. The classification of migrant communities by type of social capital is proposed. The following types of communities are identified: 1) a low-efficient, highly autonomous community; 2) highly efficient highly autonomous; 3) a highly efficient and low-autonomous community. The article discusses the results of an expert survey of representatives of communities of Ukrainian migrants in the EU countries on the transformation of the social capital of these communities. The social capital of migrant communities of Ukrainians is “culturally bonding”, aimed at preserving the common cultural identity of Ukrainians abroad in the context of a different cultural environment. Migrant communities of Ukrainian migrants remain relatively homogeneous in terms of culture, identity and practices. It is revealed that in the context of contemporary transformations of external migration, changes and social capital of migrant communities is changing too. The circular nature of migration at the present stage adversely affects the social capital of migrant communities, their permanent membership is diminished, social ties are weakened, the autonomy of communities is reduced and the integration of migrants into host societies is increased. Number of such communities today are to some extent deinstitutionalized.

scholarly journals Social Capital and the U.S. College Experiences of International Student-Athletes and Non-Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-794
Author(s):  
Helen Forbes-Mewett ◽  
Madeleine Pape
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Group Experiences ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
International Student Athletes ◽  
Ongoing Support

This study shifts the tendency to focus on international students’ negative experiences of undertaking education in a host country to a group that enjoys an elevated level of support. By looking at international student-athletes compared with non-athletes, it is shown how the former group experiences the benefits of social capital. Insights relating to international student-athletes in the US reveal strong and ongoing support from coaches and teammates. It is shown that international student-athletes have far greater support structures compared with international non-athletes. In doing so, this study presents a new perspective to debates on what higher education institutions in host countries can do to support their international student populations.

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