Experimental Analysis of Diesel-Ignited Methane Dual-Fuel Low-Temperature Combustion in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa S. Raihan ◽  
Edward S. Guerry ◽  
Umang Dwivedi ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan ◽  
Sundar Rajan Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Temperature Combustion

A Computational Investigation of the Impact of Multiple Injection Strategies on Combustion Efficiency in Diesel-Natural Gas Dual Fuel Low Temperature Combustion Engine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Bartolucci ◽  
Stefano Cordiner ◽  
Vincenzo Mulone ◽  
Sundar R. Krishnan ◽  
Kalyan K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dual fuel diesel-methane low temperature combustion (LTC) has been investigated by various research groups, showing high potential for emissions reduction (especially oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM)) without adversely affecting fuel conversion efficiency in comparison with conventional diesel combustion. However, when operated at low load conditions, dual fuel LTC typically exhibit poor combustion efficiencies. This behavior is mainly due to low bulk gas temperatures under lean conditions, resulting in unacceptably high carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions. A feasible and rather innovative solution may be to split the pilot injection of liquid fuel into two injection pulses, with the second pilot injection supporting the methane combustion once the process is initiated by the first one. In this work, diesel-methane dual fuel LTC is investigated numerically in a single-cylinder heavy-duty engine operating at 5 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at 85% and 75% percentage of energy substitution (PES) by methane (taken as a natural gas surrogate). A multidimensional model is first validated in comparison with experimental data obtained on the same single-cylinder engine for early single pilot diesel injection at 310 CAD and 500 bar rail pressure. With the single pilot injection case as baseline, the effects of multiple pilot injections and different rail pressures on combustion emissions are investigated, again showing good agreement with experimental data. Apparent heat release rate and cylinder pressure histories as well as combustion efficiency trends are correctly captured by the numerical model. Results prove that higher rail pressures yield reductions of HC and CO by 90% and 75%, respectively, at the expense of NOx emissions, which increase by ∼30% from baseline. Furthermore, it is shown that post-injection during the expansion stroke does not support the stable development of the combustion front as the combustion process is confined close to the diesel spray core.

Influence of the Air-Path Operating Parameters on the Low Temperature Combustion in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Beatrice ◽  
Giovanni Avolio ◽  
Nicola Del Giacomo ◽  
Chiara Guido
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Temperature Combustion

The present paper describes the effects of some air-path operating parameters on the performance of a modern common-rail diesel engine when it runs under Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) conditions. Aim of the experimental work was to explore the potential of the control of each parameter on the improvement of LTC application to the modern LD diesel engines for passenger cars, in order to meet future NOx emissions limits avoiding penalties in fuel consumption and drivability. In particular, the effects on LTC performance of the following operating parameters were analysed: intake air temperature, exhaust EGR cooler temperature, intake pipe pressure, exhaust pipe pressure and swirl ratio. Tests are carried out with a single-cylinder research diesel engine derived from FIAT 1.9 JTD 16V Multi-Jet in the EURO4 version. Results analysis have shown a significant influence of some examined parameters on the improvement of EGR tolerability, that has led to sensitive NOx reduction, within fixed limits in fuel consumption and smoke. On the contrary, engine behaviour is insensitive to the variation of the other air-path parameters.

scholarly journals A Computational Investigation of the Impact of Multiple Injection Strategies on Combustion Efficiency in Diesel–Natural Gas Dual-Fuel Low-Temperature Combustion Engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Bartolucci ◽  
Stefano Cordiner ◽  
Vincenzo Mulone ◽  
Sundar R. Krishnan ◽  
Kalyan K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dual-fuel diesel–methane low-temperature combustion (LTC) has been investigated by various research groups, showing high potential for emissions reduction (especially oxides of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM)) without adversely affecting fuel conversion efficiency in comparison with conventional diesel combustion. However, when operated at low load conditions, dual-fuel LTC typically exhibits poor combustion efficiencies. This behavior is mainly due to low bulk gas temperatures under lean conditions, resulting in unacceptably high carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions. A feasible and rather innovative solution may be to split the pilot injection of liquid fuel into two injection pulses, with the second pilot injection supporting CO and UHC oxidation once combustion is initiated by the first one. In this study, diesel–methane dual-fuel LTC is investigated numerically in a single-cylinder heavy-duty engine operating at 5 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at 85% and 75% percentage of energy substitution (PES) by methane (taken as a natural gas (NG) surrogate). A multidimensional model is first validated in comparison with the experimental data obtained on the same single-cylinder engine for early single pilot diesel injection at 310 crank angle degrees (CAD) and 500 bar rail pressure. With the single pilot injection case as baseline, the effects of multiple pilot injections and different rail pressures on combustion and emissions are investigated, again showing good agreement with the experimental data. Apparent heat release rate and cylinder pressure histories as well as combustion efficiency trends are correctly captured by the numerical model. Results prove that higher rail pressures yield reductions of HC and CO by 90% and 75%, respectively, at the expense of NOx emissions, which increase by ∼30% from baseline still remaining at very low level (under 1 g/kWh). Furthermore, it is shown that postinjection during the expansion stroke does not support the stable development of the combustion front as the combustion process is confined close to the diesel spray core.

Experimental Study on Low Temperature Combustion Dual Fuel Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gharehghani ◽  
M. Mirsalim ◽  
A. Jazayeri ◽  
R. Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Temperature Combustion

Low Temperature combustion (LTC) strategies are capable of simultaneous reduction in NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions. However, this combustion process generally leads to higher HC and CO emissions together with more cyclic variation (unstable combustion) especially at light engine loads. These emissions could drastically be reduced using certain alternative fuels like natural gas and biodiesel in LTC or PCI combustion engines. In the present research, a single cylinder compression ignition engine has been modified to operate in dual fuel mode with natural gas injection into the intake manifold as the main fuel and biodiesel as the pilot fuel to ignite the gas/air mixture. The combustion characteristics, engine performance and exhaust emissions of the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) dual fueled CNG/biodiesel engine are investigated and compared with the conventional diesel engine mode at various load conditions. The analysis of the results revealed that biodiesel as the high reactivity fuel in RCCI mode leads to higher in-cylinder pressure together with shorter heat release rate duration, compared to the common diesel engine. Experimental results indicated that combining the low temperature combustion concept and alternative fuels (e.g. biodiesel and naturals gas) causes lower levels of unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) as well as nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

Diesel-Ignited Propane Dual Fuel Low Temperature Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Polk ◽  
C. D. Carpenter ◽  
E. S. Guerry ◽  
U. Dwivedi ◽  
K. K. Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Diesel Injection ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

This paper presents an experimental analysis of diesel-ignited propane dual fuel low temperature combustion (LTC) based on performance, emissions, and in-cylinder combustion data from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine. The engine used for these experiments was a 12.9-liter, six-cylinder, direct injection heavy-duty diesel engine with electronic unit diesel injection pumps, a variable geometry turbocharger, and cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The experiments were performed with gaseous propane (the primary fuel) fumigated upstream of the turbocharger and diesel (the pilot fuel) injected directly into the cylinders. Results are presented for a range of diesel injection timings (SOIs) from 10° BTDC to 50° BTDC at a brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of 5 bar and a constant engine speed of 1500 RPM. The effects of SOI, percent energy substitution (PES) of propane (i.e., replacement of diesel fuel energy with propane), intake boost pressure, and cooled EGR on the dual fuel LTC process were investigated. The approach was to determine the effects of SOI while maximizing the PES of propane. Dual fuel LTC was achieved with very early SOIs (e.g., 50° BTDC) coupled with high propane PES (> 84%), which yielded near-zero NOx (< 0.02 g/kW-hr) and very low smoke emissions (< 0.1 FSN). Increasing the propane PES beyond 84% at the SOI of 50° BTDC yielded a high COV of IMEP due to retarded combustion phasing (CA50). Intake boost pressures were increased and EGR rates were decreased to minimize the COV, allowing higher propane PES (∼ 93%); however, lower fuel conversion efficiencies (FCE) and higher HC and CO emissions were observed.

Diesel-Ignited Propane Dual Fuel Low Temperature Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Polk ◽  
Chad D. Carpenter ◽  
E. Scott Guerry ◽  
U. Dwivedi ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Diesel Injection ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

This paper presents an experimental analysis of diesel-ignited propane dual fuel low temperature combustion (LTC) based on performance, emissions, and in-cylinder combustion data from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine. The engine used for these experiments was a 12.9-liter, six-cylinder, direct injection heavy-duty diesel engine with electronic unit diesel injection pumps, a variable geometry turbocharger, and cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The experiments were performed with gaseous propane (the primary fuel) fumigated upstream of the turbocharger and diesel (the pilot fuel) injected directly into the cylinders. Results are presented for a range of diesel injection timings (SOIs) from 10 deg BTDC to 50 deg BTDC at a brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of 5 bar and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The effects of SOI, percent energy substitution (PES) of propane (i.e., replacement of diesel fuel energy with propane), intake boost pressure, and cooled EGR on the dual fuel LTC process were investigated. The approach was to determine the effects of SOI while maximizing the PES of propane. Dual fuel LTC was achieved with very early SOIs (e.g., 50 deg BTDC) coupled with high propane PES (>84%), which yielded near-zero NOx (<0.02 g/kW h) and very low smoke emissions (<0.1 FSN). Increasing the propane PES beyond 84% at the SOI of 50 deg BTDC yielded a high COV of IMEP due to retarded combustion phasing (CA50). Intake boost pressures were increased and EGR rates were decreased to minimize the COV, allowing higher propane PES (∼93%); however, lower fuel conversion efficiencies (FCE) and higher HC and CO emissions were observed.

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