Effect of Low-Impact Development Scenarios on Pluvial Flood Susceptibility in a Scantily Gauged Urban–Peri-Urban Catchment

Recent studies have pointed out that climate change is likely to have important implications on the extent and frequency of flooding events. Indeed, the intensification of the water cycle occurring in different areas of the world can dramatically affect the incidence of extreme events and, consequently, the flow in rivers or artificial channels, increasing the probability of disastrous floods. In this context, the criteria for the assessment of flood risk need to be improved to take into account the variability of rainfall due to climate change. In this study, a Bayesian procedure was used to update the parameters of the depth–duration–frequency (DDF) curves and quantify the uncertainty related to their assessment in some climate change scenarios. The critical storm obtained from these updated DDF curves was used as input for the FLO-2D hydraulic model, in order to investigate the effects of climate change on flood risk. The area of study was an urban catchment in Piazza Armerina, a small town located in Southern Italy. Results showed that rainfall variations remarkably affect not only the magnitude of flood events, but also the flood susceptibility of the study area.

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Modelling and optimization of land use/land cover change in a developing urban catchment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.121 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 2527-2537 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ping Xu ◽

Fei Gao ◽

Junchao He ◽

Xinxin Ren ◽

Weijin Xi

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Optimal Planning ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Storm Water Management Model ◽

Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽

Rainfall Runoff Model ◽

The Impact

The impacts of land use/cover change (LUCC) on hydrological processes and water resources are mainly reflected in changes in runoff and pollutant variations. Low impact development (LID) technology is utilized as an effective strategy to control urban stormwater runoff and pollution in the urban catchment. In this study, the impact of LUCC on runoff and pollutants in an urbanizing catchment of Guang-Ming New District in Shenzhen, China, were quantified using a dynamic rainfall-runoff model with the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Based on the simulations and observations, the main objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the catchment runoff and pollutant variations with LUCC, (2) to select and optimize the appropriate layout of LID in a planning scenario for reducing the growth of runoff and pollutants under LUCC, (3) to assess the optimal planning schemes for land use/cover. The results showed that compared to 2013, the runoff volume, peak flow and pollution load of suspended solids (SS), and chemical oxygen demand increased by 35.1%, 33.6% and 248.5%, and 54.5% respectively in a traditional planning scenario. The assessment result of optimal planning of land use showed that annual rainfall control of land use for an optimal planning scenario with LID technology was 65%, and SS pollutant load reduction efficiency 65.6%.

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Cost and benefit analysis of Low Impact Development (LID) for stormwater management in an urban catchment in Norway

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21881 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chong-Yu Xu ◽

Hong Li

Keyword(s):

Stormwater Management ◽

Hydrological Modeling ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Extreme Rainfall ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Extreme Rainfall Events ◽

Storm Water Management Model ◽

Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽

Norwegian Research Council

There has been a surge of interest in the field of urban flooding in recent years, due to the growth of cities and the increase in frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events. Hydrological modeling is a useful tool to understand urban floods and compare different stormwater management solutions. In this study, we use the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) in an urban catchment, Grefsen in Norway, to analyze the effects of different Low Impact Development (LID) methods to reduce combined sewer overflow (CSO). Additionally, we examine the cost of these solutions and find an optimized solution in terms of maximum effects and minimum cost. The results are useful for decision-makers to achieve sustainable stormwater management. &#160;Acknowledgement:This research is funded by the Norwegian Research Council via the project New Water Ways.

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The Web-GIS TRIG Eau Platform to Assess Urban Flood Mitigation by Domestic Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Two Residential Settlements in Italy

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7241

Author(s):

Anna Palla ◽

Ilaria Gnecco

Keyword(s):

Rainwater Harvesting ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Web Gis ◽

Urban Flooding ◽

Catchment Scale ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Urban Flood ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

The Impact

Urban flooding has become one of the most frequent natural disasters in recent years, and the low-impact development (LID) approach is currently recognised as an alternative to traditional grey infrastructure to mitigate the negative impact of urbanisation on hydrological processes. The main objective of the present research was to develop a web-GIS platform in order to assess the impact of LID systems on mitigating urban flooding and to support their implementation at the urban catchment scale. The TRIG Eau platform, developed in the framework of the homonymous INTERREG MARITTIMO IT-FR project, is configured as a web-GIS application of the stormwater management model (SWMM). Urban flood conditions were examined for two case studies in Liguria and Tuscany (IT), where DRWH systems are proposed as a mitigation strategy. The presented results and their visualisation showcase the potential of the TRIG Eau platform to better support the implementation of LIDs. Findings from the flood analysis confirm that even for the 10-year return period event, DRWHs are effective in reducing network stress by more than 70% in cases of empty tanks, thus underlining the need for RTC technology to pre-empty the system.

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Evaluating Various Low-Impact Development Scenarios for Optimal Design Criteria Development

Water ◽

10.3390/w9040270 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 270 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mijin Seo ◽

Fouad Jaber ◽

Raghavan Srinivasan

Keyword(s):

Optimal Design ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Design Criteria ◽

Development Scenarios

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Representation of Low Impact Development Scenarios in SWMM

Journal of Water Management Modeling ◽

10.14796/jwmm.r236-12 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guoshun Zhang ◽

◽

James M. Hamlett ◽

Tham Saravanapavan ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Impact Development ◽

Development Scenarios

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Curve Number Estimation for a Small Urban Catchment from Recorded Rainfall-Runoff Events

Archives of Environmental Protection ◽

10.2478/aep-2014-0032 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 75-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Kazimierz Banasik ◽

Adam Krajewski ◽

Anna Sikorska ◽

Leszek Hejduk

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Curve Number ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Ungauged Catchments ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Urban Catchments ◽

Runoff Events

Abstract Runoff estimation is a key component in various hydrological considerations. Estimation of storm runoff is especially important for the effective design of hydraulic and road structures, for the ﬂood ﬂow management, as well as for the analysis of land use changes, i.e. urbanization or low impact development of urban areas. The curve number (CN) method, developed by Soil Conservation Service (SCS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for predicting the ﬂood runoff depth from ungauged catchments, has been in continuous use for ca. 60 years. This method has not been extensively tested in Poland, especially in small urban catchments, because of lack of data. In this study, 39 rainfall-runoff events, collected during four years (2009–2012) in a small (A=28.7 km2), urban catchment of Służew Creek in southwest part of Warsaw were used, with the aim of determining the CNs and to check its applicability to ungauged urban areas. The parameters CN, estimated empirically, vary from 65.1 to 95.0, decreasing with rainfall size and, when sorted rainfall and runoff separately, reaching the value from 67 to 74 for large rainfall events.

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Assessing the Hydrologic Performance of a Green Roof Retrofitting Scenario for a Small Urban Catchment

Water ◽

10.3390/w10081052 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1052 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna Palla ◽

Ilaria Gnecco ◽

Paolo La Barbera

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

Low Impact Development ◽

Green Roof ◽

Reduction Rate ◽

The United States ◽

Volume Reduction ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Continuous Simulation ◽

The Impact ◽

Hydrologic Performance

In an existing urban environment, retrofitting low impact development (LID) solutions can provide an opportunity to address flooding and water quality problems. Taking into account the need to effectively estimate the impact of vegetated LIDs, particular attention has recently been given on the evapotranspiration (ET) process that is responsible for the restoring of green roof water-holding capacity. The present study aims to develop a methodological approach to estimate the actual ET as climate input data in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) continuous simulation. The proposed approach is calibrated on a single green roof installation based on one-minute continuous simulations over 26 years of climate records. Then the calibrated methodological approach has been implemented to perform continuous simulation of a small urban catchment retrofitted with green roofs. Based on simulation results, the peak and volume reduction rate evaluated for the 1433 rainfall events are equal to 0.3 on average (with maximum values of 0.96 for peak and 0.86 for volume). In general, the adopted methodology indicates that the actual ET estimate is needed to suitably assess the hydrologic performance of vegetated LIDs mainly concerning the volume reduction index; furthermore, the methodology can be easily replicated for other vegetated LID applications.

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