DESIGN STUDENTS’ TAKE ON CO-DESIGN IN HEALTH: REFLECTIONS FROM LEARNING AND EDUCATION PERSPECTIVES

Using three projects as a showcase, the aim of this article is to report on design students’ take on co-design in health, in terms of both outcomes and processes. It builds on project work conducted in a master’s course called ‘Design for Society’, reserved for 4th-year industrial design students in the Department of Design at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The students were encouraged to explore how healthcare services could facilitate active, informed and involved patients. The overall theme was provided by a cluster funded by the Norwegian Research Council addressing co-creative service design and innovation in health. Based on initial research, the students, organised in groups, identified a chronic illness that has a lifelong impact on everyday life, such as cystic fibrosis, fibromyalgia, and Alzheimer’s disease. We give an account of three selected projects by showcasing developed concepts, central methods and tools, and we share key reflections from the students and the course educators on their experiences of working with co-design in health in an academic environment.

Leveraging Blogger Influence in the Launch of Storytel

This article looks at three theoretical fields: communication theory based on the Two-step flow hypothesis, marketing theory concerning electronic word-of-mouth and finally diffusion theory of innovations. The launch of the audiobook streaming service Storytel in Norway is used as a case to describe the ramifications of only using bloggers in the introduction of a new service. The first research question is what factors are considered upon entering a brand relationship between product/service and blogger? The second research question is how do bloggers interact with their readers when participating in the launch of a new product/service? The article is based on qualitative interview with the marketing manager, contracts between influencers and audiobook streaming service in Norway, content analysis of blog posts and Instagram posts, and answers from a population survey to answer the question. This is a part of the Digitization and Diversity research project, conducted by the Centre for Creative Industries at BI Norwegian Business School, and is funded by the Norwegian Research Council under grant number: 247602.

Controlling and Documenting Dispersant Effectiveness During Subsea Dispersant Injection (SSDI) - A Novel System for Dispersant Dosage and In-Situ Monitoring of Oil Droplet and Gas Bubble Sizes

Subsea dispersant injection (SSDI) has been implemented as a response method since it was first used in large-scale during the Macondo subsea blow-out in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. Oil and gas operators have access to SSDI equipment through multiple suppliers of response equipment. This equipment is a crucial part of the capping and containment package offered in the event of a subsea blow-out. The concept is used to ensure access to the spill site (remove surface oil), improve working conditions (reduce exposure to volatile oil components) and finally be used as a response option to reduce environmental impact form the spill (reduce surfacing & stranding of oil and increase natural biodegradation of dispersed oil as small droplets). However, a subsea blow-out of 12 000 m3/day, would require 800–1600 m3 of dispersant for the first week with a dosage of 1–2%. Controlling the dispersant dosage could be critical, especially, since the initial volume of available dispersants could be limited. This paper presents a new system for automatic dispersant dosage control. The system monitors the size distribution of the released oil droplets and gas bubbles. The injected dosage of dispersant is then automatically adjusted to obtain a desired oil droplet size. The dispersant dosage from a hydraulically operated valve is adjusted based on a real-time signal from a silhouette camera (SilCam) positioned in the rising oil & gas plume. The SilCam is used to quantify oil droplet and gas bubble distributions. The SilCam can be held in place by a Remote operated Vehicle (ROV) and all signals are brought to the operator onboard the supply vessel via the ROV's umbilical cord. The concept is tested by down-scaled experiments at SINTEF and verified in full-scale by Oceaneering in a large ROV test pool. This study was headed by Oceanering in close cooperation with SINTEF and funded by the Norwegian Research Council and multiple Norwegian energy companies; Equinor Petroleum AS, Lundin Norge AS, ENI Norge AS, Total E&P Norge AS and ConocoPhillips Scandinavia AS.

Cost and benefit analysis of Low Impact Development (LID) for stormwater management in an urban catchment in Norway

<p><span>There has been a surge of interest in the field of urban flooding in recent years, due to the growth of cities and the increase in frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events. Hydrological modeling is a useful tool to understand urban floods and compare different stormwater management solutions. In this study, we use the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) in an urban catchment, Grefsen in Norway, to analyze the effects of different Low Impact Development (LID) methods to reduce combined sewer overflow (CSO). Additionally, we examine the cost of these solutions and find an optimized solution in terms of maximum effects and minimum cost. The results are useful for decision-makers to achieve sustainable stormwater management. </span></p><p><span> </span></p><p>Acknowledgement<span>:</span></p><p><span>This research is funded by the Norwegian Research Council via the project New Water Ways.</span></p>

A fun and informative Open Access event?

Introduction The Norwegian research council supports the European cOAlition S, demanding that all scientific articles from the research they finance is openly available from 01.01.20211. Since 2013 the University of Oslo have mandatory institutional archiving of all peer reviewed articles in post-print version (after peer review)2. In 2019 several “publish and read” agreements were established between different publishers and the Norwegian higher education sector, enabling article processing charges to be paid by Norwegian universities and research institutions3. New agreements and changing regulations might be difficult to grasp by students, faculty and library employees. Aim is to test out basic knowledge about Open Access (OA) among beforementioned groups through a short, fun and informative OA event, while asking: Can a board game help promote Open Access? Method Choosing an existing OA board game was done based on the following considerations: it must have a recognizable concept and simple rules, be easy to administer, and not be too time consuming. Our choice is “The Game of Open Access”, a game produced by McGuinn and Spikin at University of Huddersfield, UK4. Modification of questions and answers to better fit a Norwegian context and publishing rules at the University of Oslo was essential. After testing of the game between us, minor alterations to the playing rules were added. Just as in the original game, for each correctly answered question, a participant keeps a card. After completing a round, the player gets a token representing a single published article, and then continues the game. The game is finished after all questions are answered correctly. The winner is the participant with the most points. Each card is worth three points and each token one point. These small modifications make the game more balanced and all participants equally involved. Before playing the game, a short (five minutes) introduction to OA in Norway with presentation of infographics is given. After the game, an evaluation form is administrated among all participants as an online questionnaire. Gameplaying time is approximately 30 minutes, which makes the game perfect for shorter events. Results Result from the evaluation form administered to librarians, students and faculty will be collected in the period September 2019-April 2020, in a range of different events. The first findings show that players are satisfied with board game content and questions, but they also suggest certain improvements Discussion Can a board game learning activity taking place outside of the ordinary library instructional courses for students and faculty at the University be an asset spreading awareness about Open Access? Does library staff have the basic understanding of the topic, or is further training needed?

P3681Apparent sex differences in risk of life-threatening events in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy are related to exercise habits

Background Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an inheritable heart disease characterized by high risk of ventricular arrhythmias and exercise intolerance. Male sex is associated with higher risk of life-threatening events. However, this may be challenged by the fact that men exercise more than women. Purpose To assess whether the sex differences in arrhythmic outcome in AC-patients are driven by sex differences in exercise exposure. Methods We included AC-patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2017 in a longitudinal cohort study. We assessed exercise habits during the preceding 3 years before inclusion, and exercise dose was expressed as metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-hours/week). Life-threatening events were defined as sustained ventricular tachycardia, aborted cardiac arrest or appropriate therapy from an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator at the time of diagnosis and prospectively during follow-up. Results We included 170 AC-patients (52% probands, 44% female, age 41±16 years). Males had higher exercise doses than female patients (36 [IQR, 14 to 54] vs. 12 [IQR, 8 to 22] MET-hours/week; P<0.001). Fifty-seven patients (34%) had previous life-threatening events, and 45 (26%) had life-threatening events during 5.7 (IQR, 2.8 to 9.4) years of follow-up. Male sex seemed to be a marker of previous life-threatening events (OR 2.0 [95% CI, 1.0 to 3.8]; P<0.05), but not when adjusted for exercise dose (Adjusted OR 1.3 [95% CI, 0.6 to 2.7]; P=0.44). Male sex also seemed to be a predictor of life-threatening events during follow-up (HR 2.0 [95% CI 1.0 to 3.9]; P=0.04) (Figure, left panel), but not when adjusted for exercise dose (Adjusted HR 1.5 [95% CI 0.8 to 3.0]; P=0.26) (Figure, right panel). Conclusions Sex differences in arrhythmic risk in AC were attributable to higher exercise doses in male AC-patients. This highlights the importance of exercise assessment in these patients, and challenges the current opinion of male sex as a risk factor in itself. Risk stratification based on sex may underestimate the risk of physically active female AC-patients. Acknowledgement/Funding This study was supported by Center for Cardiological Innovation funded by the Norwegian Research Council

Maputo: Ethnography of a Divided City

Rapid urbanisation is one of the most dramatic developments on the African continent, often yielding contrasting and shocking images of affluent businesses and residential districts alongside sprawling shantytowns or slums. Urban areas account for an increasing part of the continent’s positive macro-economic development and represent opportunities for employment, education, health, leisure and well-being. However, urban growth is also manifested in emerging conditions of inequality and poverty, rising environmental problems, situations of political instability and riots, as well as persistent high levels of urban crime and violence. This film project seeks to visualise Maputo: one of Africa’s divided cities. It is part of the research project “The Ethnography of a Divided City. Socio-Politics, Poverty and Gender in Maputo, Mozambique” headed by the Chr. Michelsen Institute and funded by the Norwegian Research Council. While the film relates actively to the research project, it approaches the project’s themes from new and original angles and ANIMA has had full artistic freedom in its filmic approach. A focus on the people inhabiting the city’s so-called bairros (districts/areas) provides a privileged view of the way in which symbolic and material boundaries of various urban spaces are contested, negotiated and, ultimately, inscribed onto mental maps of the city. Contributors: Inge Tvedten, Chr. Michelsen Institute, Head of project Fábio Ribeiro, ANIMA - Estúdio Criativo, Production and photo João Graça, ANIMA - Estúdio Criativo, Production and photo Bjørn Enge Bertelsen, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Bergen, Research advisor