Numerical Modeling of Hurricane-Induced Extreme Wave Heights in Pensacola Bay

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenrui Huang ◽  
Yuan He ◽  
Shuguang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Wave Heights

scholarly journals Long-term spatial variations in the Baltic Sea wave fields

Ocean Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Soomere ◽  
A. Räämet
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Wave Fields ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Wave Properties ◽  
Sea Wave

Abstract. This study focuses on spatial patterns in linear trends of numerically reconstructed basic wave properties (average and extreme wave heights, wave periods) in the Baltic Sea under the assumption of no ice cover. Numerical simulations of wave conditions for 1970–2007, using the WAM wave model and adjusted geostrophic winds, revealed extensive spatial variations in long-term changes in both average and extreme wave heights in the Baltic Sea but almost no changes in the basinwide wave activity and wave periods. There has been a statistically significant decrease in the annual mean significant wave height by more than 10% between the islands of Öland and Gotland and in the southward sea area, and a substantial increase to the south-west of Bornholm, near the coast of Latvia, between the Åland Archipelago and the Swedish mainland, and between the Bothnian Sea and the Bothnian Bay. Variations in extreme wave heights (defined as the threshold for 1% of the highest waves each year) show similar patterns of changes. In several areas the trends in average and extreme wave heights are different. Such a complicated pattern of changes indicates that (i) different regions of the Baltic Sea basin have experienced widespread but essentially different changes in wind properties and (ii) many seemingly controversial trends and variations established in wave properties at different sites in the recent past may reflect the natural spatial variability in the Baltic Sea wave fields.

scholarly journals Automated classification of the atmospheric circulation patterns that drive regional wave climates

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2145-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pringle ◽  
D. D. Stretch ◽  
A. Bárdossy
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Wave Heights

Abstract. Wave climates are fundamental drivers of coastal vulnerability; changing trends in wave heights, periods and directions can severely impact a coastline. In a diverse storm environment, the changes in these parameters are difficult to detect and quantify. Since wave climates are linked to atmospheric circulation patterns, an automated and objective classification scheme was developed to explore links between synoptic-scale circulation patterns and wave climate variables, specifically wave heights. The algorithm uses a set of objective functions based on wave heights to guide the classification and find atmospheric classes with strong links to wave behaviour. Spatially distributed fuzzy numbers define the classes and are used to detect locally high- and low-pressure anomalies. Classes are derived through a process of simulated annealing. The optimized classification focuses on extreme wave events. The east coast of South Africa was used as a case study. The results show that three dominant patterns drive extreme wave events. The circulation patterns exhibit some seasonality with one pattern present throughout the year. Some 50–80% of the extreme wave events are explained by these three patterns. It is evident that strong low-pressure anomalies east of the country drive a wind towards the KwaZulu-Natal coastline which results in extreme wave conditions. We conclude that the methodology can be used to link circulation patterns to wave heights within a diverse storm environment. The circulation patterns agree with qualitative observations of wave climate drivers. There are applications to the assessment of coastal vulnerability and the management of coastlines worldwide.

scholarly journals Automated classification of the atmospheric circulation patterns that drive regional wave climates

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1127-1151
Author(s):  
J. Pringle ◽  
D. D. Stretch ◽  
A. Bárdossy
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Objective Classification

Abstract. Wave climates are fundamental drivers of coastal vulnerability and changing trends in wave height, period and direction can severely impact coastlines. In a diverse storm environment, the changes in these parameters are difficult to detect and quantify. Since wave climates are linked to atmospheric circulation patterns an automated and objective classification scheme was developed to explore links between synoptic scale circulation patterns and wave climate variables, specifically wave heights. The algorithm uses a set of objective functions based on wave heights to guide the classification. Fuzzy rules define classification types that are used to detect locally high and low pressure anomalies through a process of simulated annealing. The optimized classification focuses on extreme wave events. The east coast of South Africa was used as a case study. The results show that three dominant patterns drive extreme wave events. The circulation patterns exhibit some seasonality with one pattern present throughout the year. Some 50–80% of the extreme wave events are explained by these three patterns. It is evident that strong low pressure anomalies east of the country drive a wind towards the KwaZulu-Natal coastline which results in extreme wave conditions. We conclude that the methodology can be used to link circulation patterns to wave heights within a diverse storm environment. The circulation patterns agree with qualitative observations of wave climate drivers. There are applications to the assessment of coastal vulnerability and the management of coastlines worldwide.

scholarly journals North Atlantic storm driving of extreme wave heights in the North Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 3253-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bell ◽  
S. L. Gray ◽  
O. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
The North Sea

BOOTSTRAP RESAMPLING FOR EXTREME WAVE HEIGHTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR COASTAL RISKS

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Reeve ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Agustin Sanchez-Arcilla ◽  
Jesús Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Bootstrap Resampling ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Coastal Risks ◽  
Wave Heights

Uncertainties in Extreme Wave Height Estimates for Hurricane-Dominated Regions

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Jonathan ◽  
Kevin Ewans
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Significant Wave Height ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Height Estimates ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Percentile

Inherent uncertainties in estimation of extreme wave heights in hurricane-dominated regions are explored using data from the GOMOS Gulf of Mexico hindcast for 1900–2005. In particular, the effect of combining correlated values from a neighborhood of 72 grid locations on extreme wave height estimation is quantified. We show that, based on small data samples, extreme wave heights are underestimated and site averaging usually improves estimates. We present a bootstrapping approach to evaluate uncertainty in extreme wave height estimates. We also argue in favor of modeling supplementary indicators for extreme wave characteristics, such as a high percentile (95%) of the distribution of 100-year significant wave height, in addition to its most probable value, especially for environments where the distribution of 100-year significant wave height is strongly skewed.

On the calculation of extreme wave heights: A review

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Langley R. Muir ◽  
A.H. El-Shaarawi
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Wave Heights
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