Dimensionality dependence of the Kauzmann temperature: A case study using bulk and confined water

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (16) ◽  
pp. 164510
Author(s):  
Mohd Moid ◽  
Srikanth Sastry ◽  
Chandan Dasgupta ◽  
Tod A. Pascal ◽  
Prabal K. Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Confined Water ◽  
Kauzmann Temperature

Groundwater Discharge through Springs with Well-Defined Outlets A Case Study from Jeløya – Moss, S. Norway

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Jens-Olaf Englund ◽  
Knut-Fredrik Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Sea Salts ◽  
Fissured Rock ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Gravel Aquifer

From the area of Jeløya - Moss, southern Norway, five springs draining fissured-rock aquifers, and one artesian well draining confined water from a sand and gravel aquifer were studied during the year period 7 June 1977 to 6 June 1978. This study has given valuable information about discharge variations, the amounts of water stored in the aquifers, as well as about the residence-time of the water in the aquifers. The springs are fed from groundwater bodies with chemical compositions close to that of deep circulating groundwaters, 30–100 m below land surface. Brackish water in the artesian well is mainly due to the dissolution of fossil sea salts.

Potential Health Risk of Arsenic in Groundwater near Tongyu County, Western of Jilin Province: A Case Study for Health Risk Assessment Based on Triangular Fuzzy Number

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 982-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhao ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Jian Min Bian ◽  
Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Arsenic In Groundwater

Based on the fuzzy uncertainty of assessment system, the fuzzy mathematics theory was applied to denote the groundwater health risk. On the basis of defining the parameters as triangular fuzzy numbers, uncertain models with triangular fuzzy parameters were established. As a case study, the fuzzy model was applied to evaluate the health risk of arsenic in groundwater in Tongyu County, Jilin Province. According to these calculations, interval values of health risk of arsenic under different confidence levels were obtained. The calculated results indicated that interval values of health risk of arsenic in phreatic water, confined water in Quaternary and Tertiary were equal to 2.43×10-5～105.74×10-5a-1, 3.45×10-5～98.444×10-5a-1 and 2.01×10-5～117.41×10-5a-1, and the most probable values were 23.72×10-5a-1, 63.53×10-5a-1 and 34.39×10-5a-1respectively. The assessment results showed groundwater in study area had great health risks and the fuzzy models more scientifically reveal the health risks state of hazardous substances in groundwater than the traditional ones.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

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