Glu298Asp polymorphism in exon 7 of the eNOS gene in foot ulcer of adult patients with type 2 diabetes

Background: Increased foot temperature among individuals with type 2 diabetes can be predictive of diabetic foot ulcer development. A combination of physiological and mechanical deficiencies may contribute to elevations in intact foot temperature during gait for individuals with type 2 diabetes and transtibial amputation. Objective: This study evaluated plantar foot temperature differences between individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without transtibial amputation. We hypothesized that individuals with transtibial amputation maintain increased foot temperature compared to those without amputation. Study Design: Cross-sectional, case control. Methods: A sample of 16 participants with type 2 diabetes and transtibial amputation, and 16 age- and sex-matched participants with type 2 diabetes without amputation were recruited. Foot temperatures were measured during resting, walking, and cooldown periods. Peak temperature, mean temperature, and rate of temperature change were analyzed for each period, and compared between cohorts. Results: Participants with amputation exhibited increased mean foot temperature while at rest and during walking. Participants without amputation exhibited increased rate of change of foot temperature during walking. No differences in peak temperature or rate of temperature change were observed during the baseline or cooldown periods. Conclusion: The current findings of altered foot temperature for individuals with transtibial amputation and type 2 diabetes suggest a possible reason for the high rates of contralateral limb ulceration and amputation among this population.

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Modified tibial transverse transport technique for the treatment of ischemic diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation ◽

10.1016/j.jot.2021.04.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 100-105

Author(s):

Yusong Yuan ◽

Xiaofang Ding ◽

Zhengwei Jing ◽

Hao Lu ◽

Kun Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Foot Ulcer ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽

Transport Technique

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Cognitive Impairment in People with Diabetes-Related Foot Ulceration

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10132808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 2808

Author(s):

Ranita Siru ◽

Melanie S. Burkhardt ◽

Wendy A. Davis ◽

Jonathan Hiew ◽

Laurens Manning ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sex Education ◽

Foot Ulcer ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Community Settings ◽

Foot Ulceration ◽

Complex Diabetes ◽

State Examination

Aims: To determine whether there is an excess of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulceration. Methods: 55 patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulcers attending Multidisciplinary Diabetes Foot Ulcer clinics (MDFU cohort) were compared with 56 patients with type 2 diabetes attending Complex Diabetes clinics (CDC cohort) using commonly used screening tests for cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)), as well as foot self-care, mood and health literacy. MMSE was also compared between the MDFU cohort and a historical community-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes (FDS2 cohort). Results: Median MMSE scores were the same in all three groups (28/30). Median MOCA scores did not differ between the MDFU and CDC cohorts (25/30). There were no significant differences in the percentages of patients with MMSE ≤ 24 or MOCA ≤ 25 between MDFU and CDC cohorts (3.6% versus 10.7%, p = 0.27 and 56.4% versus 51.8%, p = 0.71, respectively), findings that did not change after adjustment for age, sex, education, diabetes duration, and random blood glucose. Conclusions: Using conventionally applied instruments, patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulceration have similar cognition compared with patients without, from either hospital-based clinic or community settings.

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