Colonialism, the Shuar Federation, and the Ecuadorian State

10.1068/d236t ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Rubenstein
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Indigenous Movements ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Extension Of State ◽  
The Relationship

This author suggests new avenues for thinking about the relationship between formerly stateless societies and the state. It does so through a detailed study of one particular group, the Shuar, indigenous to the Ecuadorian Amazon. Formerly an acephalous society of hunter-gardeners, the Shuar now constitute a federation with a democratically elected, hierarchical leadership and are at the forefront of indigenous movements in Latin America. The author analyzes this transformation in the context of colonialism but argues that colonialism involves far more than the movement of people from one place to another or the extension of state authority over new territory. Rather, he reveals colonialism to hinge on the transformation of sociospatial boundaries. Such transformations were critical not only to Shuar ethnogenesis but also to Ecuadorian state-building. That is, colonialism involves a dialectical reorganization both of the state and of its new subjects.

Capitalism and the State in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Torres ◽  
Carina Borrastero
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The State ◽  
American Sociology ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes how the research on the relation between capitalism and the state in Latin America has developed from the 1950s up to the present. It starts from the premise that knowledge of this relation in sociology and other social sciences in Latin America has been taking shape through the disputes that have opposed three intellectual standpoints: autonomist, denialist, and North-centric. It analyzes how these standpoints envision the relationship between economy and politics and how they conceptualize three regionally and globally growing trends: the concentration of power, social inequality, and environmental depletion. It concludes with a series of challenges aimed at restoring the theoretical and political potency of the autonomist program in Latin American sociology.

Indigenous movements, ICTs and the state in Latin America

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Pascal Lupien ◽  
Gabriel Chiriboga ◽  
Soledad Machaca
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The State ◽  
Indigenous Movements

scholarly journals The Relationship Model of Sharia and Financial Authorities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maksum
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The State ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

Political economy and religious policies affect the relationship between sharia and financial authorities. Countries that make Islam as the official religion put Sharia authorities within the scope of the state. Malaysia is one of the countries that put Sharia authorities in the structure of state authority, although it is subject to independency. In the meantime, Indonesia combines the two models of relationship: 1) granting broader independence to sharia authority (the Indonesian Ulema Council) and 2) forming sharia board to deal with sharia finance, among others. The comparison of Indonesian, Malaysian, and the Middle Eastern countries’ system shows that the independence and the effectiveness of sharia economic fatwa application are found to attract each other. This, in turn, influences the supervision of Islamic financial institutions.  AbstrakPolitik ekonomi dan kebijakan agama memengaruhi hubungan antara otoritas syariah dan otoritas keuangan. Negara yang menjadikan Islam sebagai agama resmi menempatkan otoritas syariah dalam ruang lingkup negara. Malaysia adalah salah satu negara yang menempatkan otoritas Syariah dalam struktur otoritas negara, meskipun tetap independen. Sementara itu, Indonesia menggabungkan dua model hubungan: 1) memberikan independensi yang lebih luas kepada otoritas syariah (Majelis Ulama Indonesia) dan 2) membentuk dewan syariah untuk menangani hal yang berkaitan dengan keuangan syariah. Perbandingan sistem Indonesia, Malaysia, dan negara-negara Timur Tengah menunjukkan bahwa independensi dan efektivitas penerapan fatwa ekonomi syariah terbukti saling berhubungan satu sama lain. Ini, pada gilirannya, memengaruhi pengawasan lembaga keuangan Islam.

State Musical Populisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-138
Author(s):  
Pablo Palomino
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative History ◽  
Cultural Activism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses

This chapter shows the emergence of a regional sense of Latin America as part of the musical pedagogy of the nationalist states at the peak of the state-building efforts to organize, through a variety of instruments of cultural activism, what at the time were called “the masses.” It analyzes particularly the cases of Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina—the three largest countries of the time in population and economic development—from the 1910s through the 1950s. It proposes a comparative history of Latin American musical populisms, focusing in particular on policies of music education, broadcasting, censorship, and experiences of state-sponsored collective singing.

American Political Development from Citizens' Perspective: Tracking Federal Government's Presence in Individual Lives over Time

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Mettler ◽  
Andrew Milstein
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
American Political Development ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Political Roles ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Although scholars of American political development (APD) have helped transform many aspects of the study of U.S. politics over the last quarter-century, they have barely begun to use the powerful analytical tools of this approach to elucidate the relationship between government and citizens. APD research has probed deeply into the processes of state-building and the creation and implementation of specific policies, yet has given little attention to how such development affects the lives of individuals and the ways in which they relate to government. Studies routinely illuminate how policies influence the political roles of elites and organized groups, but barely touch on how the state shapes the experiences and responses of ordinary individuals. As a result, we know little about how governance has influenced citizenship over time or how those changes have, in turn, affected politics.

Civil society and the state

2020 ◽  
pp. 309-324
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Lugano
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Organizational Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Settlement

This chapter provides an overview of the relationship between civil society and the Kenyan state. It unveils two contradictory trends: civil society’s opposition to, and co-optation by/cooperation with, the state. The chapter argues that these tendencies are contingent on organizational positionality within the prevailing political settlement, which constitutes state authority. The trends further affirm the centrality of civil society in Kenya’s political settlements, and associated reflections of key societal divisions along ethnic and political lines that in turn help to shape organizational relations with the state and broader society. Overall, the checkered relationship between state and civil society supports both popular perceptions of the latter’s contributions to democratization, as well as concerns regarding its transformative potential.

Local Government and State Authority in the Provinces: Smolensk, February-June 1917

Slavic Review ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Polarization ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Organizational Activities ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Red Guards ◽  
The Revolution

In the last decade, state building and the problems of establishing state authority in the provinces in 1917 have begun to attract historians’ attention. Several works by Russian authors treat state building under the Provisional Government, with emphasis upon organizational activities “at the center.” Daniel T. Orlovsky and Howard J. White (with greater analytical rigor than their Russian counterparts) have studied the work of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the provinces. But none of these works has offered a sustained discussion of the revolution in a single city or province. Local studies have concentrated on popular institutions (for example, unions, Red Guards, and the Soviets) and the process of social polarization but have paid litde attention to the state. My aim is to bridge the gap between institutional studies and local studies by looking at local government and the contested nature of state authority in Smolensk from March to June 1917, tracing especially the conflict between class-based politics and state interests.

scholarly journals A reviravolta dos sentidos e das coisas: um movimento Guarani - Mbyá em busca de escolarização indígena

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Bastos Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Intercultural Education ◽  
Indigenous Movements ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Indigenous Schooling ◽  
The Invisible

Resumo: O movimento institucional indígena tem ganhado variadas expressões desde sua criação nos anos 1980, período de abertura política no Brasil. Este artigo analisa uma dessas expressões. Analisa-se a busca da escolarização indígena pelo movimento social Guarani, criado por dois irmãos na década de 1990, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Grande parte das sociedades Guarani são oriundas do Paraguai, Bolívia, Uruguai e Argentina, cujas famílias mantêm uma circulação não fixa por todos esses territórios. A noção de escolarização é atravessada por ritos, seres cósmicos e lógicas sensíveis que desconstroem os sentidos puramente racionais dos modelos de educação indígena que têm povoado a América Latina. Conclui-se que há um mundo invisível e cosmológico que subsume os processos de escolarização e o movimento popular indígena. Os mundos invisíveis são, portanto, condições essenciais e indivisíveis ao entendimento de política, organização e humanidade Guarani.Palavras-Chave: Educação Indígena. Movimento Social Guarani. Cosmologia. THE REVOLUTION OF SENSES AND THINGS: A GUARANI - MBYÁ MOVEMENT IN SEARCH OF INDIGENOUS SCHOOLING Abstract: The indigenous institutional movement has gained varied expressions since its creation in the 1980s, a period of political beginning in Brazil. This paper studies one of these expressions. This study analyzes the search for indigenous schooling based on the popular Guarani movement, created by two brothers in the 1990s in the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil. The most Guarani societies came from Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay and Argentina, where families maintained a non-fixed circulation for all these territories. The notion of schooling is crossed by rites, cosmic beings and sensible logics that deconstruct the purely rational meanings of the models of intercultural education that have populated Latin America. It’s possible to conclude that there is an entire invisible and cosmological world, which subsumes the processes of schooling and the indigenous movements. The invisible worlds are, therefore, essential and its indivisible conditions are mandatory to the understanding of Guarani politics, organization and humanity.Keywords: Indigenous Education. Guarani Social Movement. Cosmology.

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