scholarly journals Trends in Australian government health expenditure by age: a fiscal incidence analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Tapper ◽  
John Phillimore
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Government Health Expenditure

Objective Australian government health expenditure per capita has grown steadily across the past few decades, but little is known about trends in the age distribution of health expenditure. Methods In this paper, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) fiscal incidence studies, which track expenditure at the household level between 1984 and 2010, are used to shed light on this topic. Results The main finding was that spending has shifted focus from the younger half to the older half of the population. This shift is evident in three areas: (1) acute care (hospitals); (2) community health services (doctors); and (3) pharmaceuticals. Together, these areas account for approximately 88% of expenditure. The trend is independent of demographic aging. It is unlikely to reflect changes in population health. Its explanation is open to debate. Conclusions Growth in expenditure per household has been more than threefold faster for elderly than young households. Across this period, expenditure per household per week has increased by 51% for the young, by 79% for the middle aged and by 179% for the elderly. This age-related growth is most prominent in expenditure on acute care, community health services and pharmaceuticals. What is known about the topic? The Productivity Commission has published figures that relate age and Australian heath expenditure. However, there has been no published study of age-related trends in Australian health expenditure. What does this paper add? In addition to tracking age-related trends across 26 years, this paper adds a breakdown of those trends into four categories of expenditure, namely acute care, community health services, pharmaceutical benefits, and other. This breakdown shows that the trends vary by expenditure type. What are the implications for practitioners? The paper shows that forward projections in health expenditure need to take into account age-related trends as well as demographic trends.

The COAG Reforms and Community Health Services

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duckett ◽  
Tracie Hogan ◽  
Jan Southgate
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Community Wellbeing ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Acute Care Services ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Impact

Ultimately, the reform directions announced by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) in April 1995 have the potential to touch all aspects of health care and community wellbeing, and the impact will be felt as much by community health services, and for groups with special needs, such as people from non-English speaking backgrounds, as it will for acute care services.

scholarly journals Health Demand and Outcomes in Pakistan

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Imran Ashraf Toor ◽  
Muhammad Sabihuddin Butt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Government Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Government Health Expenditure

For the provision of better social services, the health sector has been an important part of national strategy for reducing poverty and income disparities among different income groups in Pakistan. The distribution of access to and use of health among households has been a long-standing concern among policy makers. In this study, government health expenditure is treated as a fixed factor that influences household health behaviour, conditional on such factors as household income, education, and family size. The results of the study suggest that government health expenditure is associated with higher use of both preventive and curative health services by children. The results also indicate that increased government expenditure is actually associated with lower use of health services by the children of the poor, although this negative association is generally weak. However, if increased government spending improves health care opportunities for the nonpoor more than for the poor, the total effect of government spending on the health outcomes of the poor could be less even though they have a higher marginal product of health care inputs.

Contracts and the Quasi-market in Community Health Services

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Flynn ◽  
Susan Pickard ◽  
Gareth Williams
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Hospital Services ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Contracting Process

ABSTRACTIn the NHS quasi-market, contracts are the crucial mechanism through which purchasers influence providers of health care. Most attention has been given to the commissioning and contracting process in acute hospital services. However, there is another important but neglected sector of health care – community health services (CHS) – in which the specification and implementation of contracts is particularly difficult. In this article, three dimensions of contracting are analysed, illustrated by qualitative evidence from case studies, concerning: the measurement of activity; the estimation of costs and prices; and the monitoring of outcomes and quality. This article argues that community health services are intrinsically problematic within the quasi-market, and suggests that the nature of the services and the system of delivery militate against provider competition. It is argued that CHS have more in common with ‘clans’ and ‘networks’ rather than markets and hierarchies, and that this requires collaborative rather than adversarial relationships between purchasers and providers.

scholarly journals Current status of antenatal care of pregnant women—8 provinces in China, 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenling Hu ◽  
Huanqing Hu ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Aiqun Huang ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Health ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prenatal Care Visit

Abstract Background Antenatal care (ANC) played a crucial role in ensuring maternal and child safety and reducing the risk of complications, disability, and death in mothers and their infants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the current status of ANC emphasizing the number, timing, and content of examinations on a national scale. Methods The data was collected from maternal and newborn’s health monitoring system at 8 provinces in China. After ethical approval, all pregnant women registered in the system at their first prenatal care visit, we included 49,084 pregnant women who had delivered between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018. Descriptive statistics of all study variables were calculated proportions and chi-square for categorical variables. Results Of the 49,084 women included in this study, the mean number of ANC visits was 6.95 ± 3.45. By percentage, 78.79% women received ANC examinations at least five times, 39.93% of the women received ANC examinations at least eight times and 16.66% of the women received ANC examinations at least 11 times. The proportion of first ANC examination in first trimester was 61.87%. The percentage of normative ANC examinations and the percentage of qualified ANC examinations were 30.98 and 8.03% respectively. Only 49.40% of the total women received all six kinds of examination items in first ANC examination: 91.47% received a blood test, 91.62% received a urine test, 81.56% received a liver function examination, 80.52% received a renal function examination, 79.07% received a blood glucose test, and 86.66% received a HIV/HBV/syphilis tests. 50.85% women received the first ANC examination in maternal and child health care (MCH) institutions, 14.07% in a general hospital, 18.83% in a township hospital, 13.15% in a community health services center, and 3.08% in an unspecified place. The proportion of women who received each of the ANC examination items in community health services center was the highest, but that in the MCH institutions was the lowest. Conclusions There is a big difference between the results of this study and the data in official reports, this study found the current status of antenatal care is not optimal in China, findings from this study suggest that the systematization, continuity and quality of ANC examinations need to be improved.

scholarly journals Patient experience surveys for children’s community health services: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110058
Author(s):  
Helen J Nelson ◽  
Catherine Pienaar ◽  
Anne M Williams ◽  
Ailsa Munns ◽  
Katie McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Experience Of Care ◽  
Healthcare Experience

Patient experience surveys have a user focus and measure the quality of person-centered health care for hospital inpatients and consumers of community health services, providing a governance process to evaluate the quality of care and to action improvement. Experience of care has been described as effective communication, respect and dignity, and emotional support. Measurement criteria for these domains are not standardized, leading to inconsistent reporting of patient experience. The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize evidence for measuring experience of care in children’s community health services using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for scoping review method. Three parent-reported surveys met the inclusion criteria, and 50 survey items were assessed by expert reviewers for fit to domains of healthcare experience. Conceptual domains of parent experience in children’s community health services included respect and dignity, effective communication, and emotional support. A gap was identified, in that few items in identified surveys measured emotional support. This contribution will promote consistent reporting of healthcare experience, informing policy and practice for person-centered health care.

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES

1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
ROSELLA. CUNNINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Services

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Hodgman ◽  
Callahan Eileen
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Services
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