Should animal fats be back on the table? A critical review of the human health effects of animal fat

Humans hunt or raise a wide variety of animals for meat, which vary from free-range to intensively reared. These animals form a valuable part of human nutrition. Their tissues, including the fat, contain vitamin and other essential nutrients necessary for health. However, animal fat from ruminants and other land mammals is usually regarded as saturated. The purpose of this review is partly to examine the basis for the saturated fat hypothesis of cardiovascular disease given more recent research, to examine the human health effects of animal fats, and partly to draw into one place the diverse knowledge about animal fat and the effects of fat on metabolism. Mechanistic understanding of the initiation of the fatty streak and atherosclerosis calls into question the avoidance of ruminant or porcine fat. Due to high levels of oleic acid, a low n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratio in some groups, and the presence of specific micronutrients including vitamins and essential fatty acids, animal fats are of benefit in human nutrition. Animal fats can be obtained in minimally processed form making them a convenient source of energy and micronutrients.

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New Directions: Reactive Particles as a Source of Human Health Effects☆

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (13) ◽

pp. 3192-3194 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

P HOPKE

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

New Directions ◽

Reactive Particles ◽

Human Health Effects

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Human Health Effects of Microplastics in Drinking Water: A Review

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2021-29-9-40-43 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 40-43

Author(s):

PA Ganichev

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

Citation Index ◽

Russian Science ◽

The Past ◽

Russian Science Citation Index ◽

Human Health Effects ◽

Published Research ◽

Potential Human Health

Introduction: Polymer products have become inexpensive, convenient and widely used in all spheres of everyday life recently. Microplastics are found in seawater, wastewater, fresh water, foodstuffs, and air. Over the past few years, the presence of microplastics in treated tap and bottled water has been reported, raising questions and concerns about their potential human health effects. Objective: To summarize and systematize the results of studying health effects of exposure to microplastics in potable water. Materials and methods: A literature review was done based on ten topical articles and reviews published in 2014–2021 out of 64 sources found in the PubMed and Scopus international databases and the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI). Results and conclusions: Generalization and systematization of the published research data demonstrated the lack of strong evidence to draw conclusions about human health effects of microplastics. Information on toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of ingested microplastic particles is absent just like the studies of the most common shapes and sizes of plastic particles and health risks from exposure to such particles in drinking water.

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Human Health Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Dioxins and Health ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-1462-0_15 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 487-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

William J. Nicholson ◽

Philip J. Landrigan

Keyword(s):

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

Human Health Effects

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Chromium in the Canadian environment

Environmental Reviews ◽

10.1139/a95-005 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 121-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jerome O. Nriagu ◽

Abdul Kabir

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Soil Microorganisms ◽

Local Scale ◽

Aquatic Biota ◽

Chromium Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Threshold ◽

Environmental Media ◽

Human Health Effects

The widening use of chromium and its compounds by local industries has led to a growing concern about the effects of chromium contamination on the Canadian environment. This report summarizes the data on Canadian sources and the concentrations of chromium in air, water, sediments, soil, terrestrial wildlife and aquatic biota. It reviews what little is currently known about the cycling of chromium in Canadian ecoystems, and the need for measuring Cr(III) and Cr(VI) rather than total Cr in the environmental media is emphasized. The potential effects of elevated levels of chromium on plants, soil microorganisms, wildlife, and aquatic biota are discussed. The human health effects are not covered. The conclusion is reached that chromium pollution has become a threat to Canadian ecosystems, especially at the local scale where the ambient chromium concentrations in some surface waters, sediments, and soils are now close to or above the toxicity threshold for a number of the more sensistive organisms.Key words: chromium pollution, chromium toxicity, chromium chemistry, chromium emission, bioaccumulation of chromium.

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