Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 2. Production from breeding-ewe flocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. McGrath ◽  
Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño ◽  
Scott E. McDonald ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
Andrew D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
High Rainfall

Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 1. Forage production and crop yields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. McGrath ◽  
Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño ◽  
Scott E. McDonald ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
High Rainfall

Crop and livestock production for dual-purpose winter canola (Brassica napus) in the high-rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Sprague ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard ◽  
John M. Graham ◽  
Hugh Dove ◽  
Walter M. Kelman
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Winter Canola ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Integrating dual-purpose wheat and canola into high-rainfall livestock systems in south-eastern Australia. 3. An extrapolation to whole-farm grazing potential, productivity and profitability

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Bell ◽  
H. Dove ◽  
S. E. McDonald ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Livestock Systems

Dual-purpose crops can provide valuable winter forage in livestock production systems and increase subsequent pasture availability. Using experimental measurements of sheep grazing on pasture only or dual-purpose crops of wheat, canola, and wheat and canola in combination, and their associated effects on subsequent pasture grazing, we estimated for two different years the whole-farm changes in whole-farm sheep grazing days (SGD), relative farm production and farm economic impact. The increased winter feed supply and higher grazing intensity on dual-purpose crops allowed 2–3 times the area of pasture to be spelled, which together enabled increases in potential year-round pasture stocking rate. Up to 20% of farm area could be allocated to dual-purpose crops while still obtaining the same number of SGD per farm ha with additional grain production (5.0–5.4 t wheat ha–1 and 1.9–3.6 t canola ha–1) adding significantly to farm profitability and production. Allocating 10–20% of the farm to a combination of dual-purpose wheat and canola grazed in sequence could increase whole-farm SGD by 10–15%, increase farm output by >25% and increase estimated farm profit margin by >AU$150 farm ha–1 compared with pasture-only livestock systems. The long crop-grazing period from wheat and canola in combination providing a large pasture-spelling benefit was a key factor enabling these economic and productivity increases. Introducing wheat or canola alone on up to 30% of the farm is likely to reduce SGD per farm ha, but still significantly increase whole-farm productivity (10–20%) and estimated profit margin ($50–100 farm ha–1). Over the two very different experimental growing seasons, the estimated relative changes in whole-farm productivity and estimated profit margin were similar, indicating that these benefits are likely to be consistent over a range of years. Together, these findings suggest that once whole-farm livestock feed-base effects are considered, large economic and productivity benefits can be attributed to dual-purpose crops when integrated into livestock production systems in Australia’s southern high-rainfall zone.

scholarly journals Transmission dynamics of lumpy skin disease in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 2856-2863 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MOLLA ◽  
K. FRANKENA ◽  
M. C. M. DE JONG
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Sir Epidemic Model ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Intensive Production

SUMMARYLumpy skin disease (LSD) is a severe disease of cattle caused by a Capripoxvirus and often caused epidemics in Ethiopia and many other countries. This study was undertaken to quantify the transmission between animals and to estimate the infection reproduction ratio in a predominantly mixed crop–livestock system and in intensive commercial herd types. The transmission parameters were based on a susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) epidemic model with environmental transmission and estimated using generalized linear models. The transmission parameters were estimated using a survival rate of infectious virus in the environment equal to 0·325 per day, a value based on the best-fitting statistical model. The transmission rate parameter between animals was 0·072 (95% CI 0·068–0·076) per day in the crop–livestock production system, whereas this transmission rate in intensive production system was 0·076 (95% CI 0·068–0·085) per day. The reproduction ratio (R) of LSD between animals in the crop–livestock production system was 1·07, whereas it was 1·09 between animals in the intensive production system. The calculated R provides a baseline against which various control options can be assessed for efficacy.

scholarly journals Mirandesa Breed Calves: Growth Performance and Carcass Characterization Affected by Sex and Livestock Production System

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sousa F ◽  
Lorenzo J.M ◽  
Vazquez J.A ◽  
Cantalapiedra J ◽  
Iglesias A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Livestock Production

scholarly journals Strategies to Minimize the Impact of Antibiotic Resistance in Livestock Production System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 2293-2310
Author(s):  
Ankaj Thakur ◽  
Atul Kumar ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Brij Vanita
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
The Impact

Optimising grain yield and grazing potential of crops across Australia’s high-rainfall zone: a simulation analysis. 2. Canola

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne M. Lilley ◽  
Lindsay W. Bell ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Vernalisation Requirement ◽  
Crop Density

Recent expansion of cropping into Australia’s high-rainfall zone (HRZ) has involved dual-purpose crops suited to long growing seasons that produce both forage and grain. Early adoption of dual-purpose cropping involved cereals; however, dual-purpose canola (Brassica napus) can provide grazing and grain and a break crop for cereals and grass-based pastures. Grain yield and grazing potential of canola (up until bud-visible stage) were simulated, using APSIM, for four canola cultivars at 13 locations across Australia’s HRZ over 50 years. The influence of sowing date (2-weekly sowing dates from early March to late June), nitrogen (N) availability at sowing (50, 150 and 250 kg N/ha), and crop density (20, 40, 60, 80 plants/m2) on forage and grain production was explored in a factorial combination with the four canola cultivars. The cultivars represented winter, winter × spring intermediate, slow spring, and fast spring cultivars, which differed in response to vernalisation and photoperiod. Overall, there was significant potential for dual-purpose use of winter and winter × spring cultivars in all regions across Australia’s HRZ. Mean simulated potential yields exceeded 4.0 t/ha at most locations, with highest mean simulated grain yields (4.5–5.0 t/ha) in southern Victoria and lower yields (3.3–4.0 t/ha) in central and northern New South Wales. Winter cultivars sown early (March–mid-April) provided most forage (>2000 dry sheep equivalent (DSE) grazing days/ha) at most locations because of the extended vegetative stage linked to the high vernalisation requirement. At locations with Mediterranean climates, the low frequency (<30% of years) of early sowing opportunities before mid-April limited the utility of winter cultivars. Winter × spring cultivars (not yet commercially available), which have an intermediate phenology, had a longer, more reliable sowing window, high grazing potential (up to 1800 DSE-days/ha) and high grain-yield potential. Spring cultivars provided less, but had commercially useful grazing opportunities (300–700 DSE-days/ha) and similar yields to early-sown cultivars. Significant unrealised potential for dual-purpose canola crops of winter × spring and slow spring cultivars was suggested in the south-west of Western Australia, on the Northern Tablelands and Slopes of New South Wales and in southern Queensland. The simulations emphasised the importance of early sowing, adequate N supply and sowing density to maximise grazing potential from dual-purpose crops.

scholarly journals Helminth infection of layer and dual-purpose chickens kept under small scale intensive production system, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Meskerem Adamu ◽  
Kasech Melese ◽  
Mekonnen Germa ◽  
Tewodros Fekadu ◽  
Seid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Intensive Production

Analysis of a village chicken production system and performance of improved dual purpose chickens under a subtropical hill agro-ecosystem in India

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumaresan ◽  
K. M. Bujarbaruah ◽  
K. A. Pathak ◽  
Bijoy Chhetri ◽  
S. K. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Village Chicken ◽  
And Performance
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