Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 1. Forage production and crop yields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. McGrath ◽  
Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño ◽  
Scott E. McDonald ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
High Rainfall

Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 2. Production from breeding-ewe flocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn R. McGrath ◽  
Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño ◽  
Scott E. McDonald ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
Andrew D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
High Rainfall

Crop and livestock production for dual-purpose winter canola (Brassica napus) in the high-rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Sprague ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard ◽  
John M. Graham ◽  
Hugh Dove ◽  
Walter M. Kelman
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Winter Canola ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Integrating dual-purpose wheat and canola into high-rainfall livestock systems in south-eastern Australia. 3. An extrapolation to whole-farm grazing potential, productivity and profitability

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Bell ◽  
H. Dove ◽  
S. E. McDonald ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Livestock Systems

Dual-purpose crops can provide valuable winter forage in livestock production systems and increase subsequent pasture availability. Using experimental measurements of sheep grazing on pasture only or dual-purpose crops of wheat, canola, and wheat and canola in combination, and their associated effects on subsequent pasture grazing, we estimated for two different years the whole-farm changes in whole-farm sheep grazing days (SGD), relative farm production and farm economic impact. The increased winter feed supply and higher grazing intensity on dual-purpose crops allowed 2–3 times the area of pasture to be spelled, which together enabled increases in potential year-round pasture stocking rate. Up to 20% of farm area could be allocated to dual-purpose crops while still obtaining the same number of SGD per farm ha with additional grain production (5.0–5.4 t wheat ha–1 and 1.9–3.6 t canola ha–1) adding significantly to farm profitability and production. Allocating 10–20% of the farm to a combination of dual-purpose wheat and canola grazed in sequence could increase whole-farm SGD by 10–15%, increase farm output by >25% and increase estimated farm profit margin by >AU$150 farm ha–1 compared with pasture-only livestock systems. The long crop-grazing period from wheat and canola in combination providing a large pasture-spelling benefit was a key factor enabling these economic and productivity increases. Introducing wheat or canola alone on up to 30% of the farm is likely to reduce SGD per farm ha, but still significantly increase whole-farm productivity (10–20%) and estimated profit margin ($50–100 farm ha–1). Over the two very different experimental growing seasons, the estimated relative changes in whole-farm productivity and estimated profit margin were similar, indicating that these benefits are likely to be consistent over a range of years. Together, these findings suggest that once whole-farm livestock feed-base effects are considered, large economic and productivity benefits can be attributed to dual-purpose crops when integrated into livestock production systems in Australia’s southern high-rainfall zone.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium utilization and their cycling in a beef-forage production system

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke TABATA ◽  
Daisuke TOGO ◽  
Masayuki KITAGAWA ◽  
Kazato OISHI ◽  
Hajime KUMAGAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Forage and grain yield of grazed or defoliated spring and winter cereals in a winter-dominant, low-rainfall environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison. J. Frischke ◽  
James R. Hunt ◽  
Dannielle K. McMillan ◽  
Claire J. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

In the Mallee region of north-western Victoria, Australia, there is very little grazing of crops that are intended for grain production. The success of dual-purpose crops in other regions in south-eastern Australia with higher and more evenly distributed rainfall has driven interest in assessing the performance of dual-purpose cereals in the region. Five experiments were established in five consecutive years (2009–13) in the southern Mallee to measure the forage production and grain yield and quality response in wheat and barley to grazing by sheep or mechanical defoliation. The first three experiments focused on spring cultivars sown from late April to June, and the last two on winter cultivars planted from late February to early March. Cereal crops provided early and nutritious feed for livestock, with earlier sowing increasing the amount of dry matter available for winter grazing, and barley consistently produced more dry matter at the time of grazing or defoliation than wheat. However, the grain-production response of cereals to grazing or defoliation was variable and unpredictable. Effects on yield varied from –0.7 to +0.6 t/ha, with most site × year × cultivar combinations neutral (23) or negative (14), and few positive (2). Changes in grain protein were generally consistent with yield dilution effects. Defoliation increased the percentage of screenings (grains passing a 2-mm sieve) in three of five experiments. Given the risk of reduced grain yield and quality found in this study, and the importance of grain income in determining farm profitability in the region, it is unlikely that dual-purpose use of current cereal cultivars will become widespread under existing grazing management guidelines for dual-purpose crops (i.e. that cereal crops can be safely grazed once anchored, until Zadoks growth stage Z30, without grain yield penalty). It was demonstrated that early-sown winter wheat cultivars could produce more dry matter for grazing (0.4–0.5 t/ha) than later sown spring wheat and barley cultivars popular in the region (0.03–0.21 t/ha), and development of regionally adapted winter cultivars may facilitate adoption of dual-purpose cereals on mixed farms.

Soil Structural Disturbance Effects on Crop Yields and Soil Properties in a No-Till Production System

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1651-1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Díaz-Zorita ◽  
J. H. Grove ◽  
L. Murdock ◽  
J. Herbeck ◽  
E. Perfect
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Production System ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
No Till ◽  
Disturbance Effects ◽  
Structural Disturbance

scholarly journals Transmission dynamics of lumpy skin disease in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 2856-2863 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MOLLA ◽  
K. FRANKENA ◽  
M. C. M. DE JONG
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Sir Epidemic Model ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Intensive Production

SUMMARYLumpy skin disease (LSD) is a severe disease of cattle caused by a Capripoxvirus and often caused epidemics in Ethiopia and many other countries. This study was undertaken to quantify the transmission between animals and to estimate the infection reproduction ratio in a predominantly mixed crop–livestock system and in intensive commercial herd types. The transmission parameters were based on a susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) epidemic model with environmental transmission and estimated using generalized linear models. The transmission parameters were estimated using a survival rate of infectious virus in the environment equal to 0·325 per day, a value based on the best-fitting statistical model. The transmission rate parameter between animals was 0·072 (95% CI 0·068–0·076) per day in the crop–livestock production system, whereas this transmission rate in intensive production system was 0·076 (95% CI 0·068–0·085) per day. The reproduction ratio (R) of LSD between animals in the crop–livestock production system was 1·07, whereas it was 1·09 between animals in the intensive production system. The calculated R provides a baseline against which various control options can be assessed for efficacy.

scholarly journals Mirandesa Breed Calves: Growth Performance and Carcass Characterization Affected by Sex and Livestock Production System

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sousa F ◽  
Lorenzo J.M ◽  
Vazquez J.A ◽  
Cantalapiedra J ◽  
Iglesias A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Livestock Production

scholarly journals Effect of livestock production on the economic efficiency of irrigation systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Gogic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
System Utilization ◽  
Price Relationship

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of livestock production on the economic efficiency of investments in irrigation projects. The study was based on a model focused on field crop/livestock production using the data of crop yields in field crop production with or without irrigation, financial results of cattle fattening and milk production and the input and output price relationship. The influence of livestock production on the economic effects of irrigation system utilization was evaluated using the indices of economic efficiency of investments - internal rate of return, net present value and pay-back period. The data on the amount of investments required for the construction of the irrigation system, economic benefit achieved by optimizing production under both irrigated and non-irrigated conditions, with and without livestock production were used to determine these indices.

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