Further studies on the determination of cold hardiness in Trifolium repens L. and Medicago sativa L.

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CG Greenham ◽  
H Daday
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Probe Measurements

This paper deals with probe measurements of low frequency resistance (RLF), high frequency resistance (RHF), and resistance index (= 100 x RLF/RHF), for the determination of cold hardiness or the injury caused by cold treatments. Populations of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were subjected to different periods of freezing. Discrimination between treatments could be made in terms of RLF, RHF, and resistance index, though discrimination in terms of RHF is poor. The rest of the paper deals with lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). Measurements were made after a cold treatment on field plants consisting of four commercial strains and their F1 crosses, and also on F2 seedlings. RLF and the resistance index appear to be equally good predictors for the recovery of strains or of individual plants from such populations. The Appendix deals with measurements on commercial (tetraploid) plants, diploids, and colchicine-produced tetraploids.

Replacing synthetic N with clovers or alfalfa in bermudagrass pastures. 1. Herbage mass and pasture carrying capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Beck ◽  
T. Hess ◽  
D. Hubbell ◽  
M. S. Gadberry ◽  
J. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including alfalfa (ALF, Medicago sativa L.) or a combination of white (Trifolium repens L.) and red (Trifolium pretense L.) clovers (CLVR) inter-seeded into bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) on herbage nutritive value compared with monocultures of bermudagrass fertilised with 0 (0N), 56 (56N), or 112 (112N) kg nitrogen (N)/ha over four grazing seasons. In autumn, at the end of the fourth year and in the spring before the fifth grazing season, alfalfa and clover plants were killed and the carryover N benefit of CLVR or ALF was compared with N fertilisation rates during the fifth year. Across years, N fertilisation rate increased herbage mass and carrying capacity linearly; whereas herbage production from CLVR and ALF swards was equivalent to 56N, were greater than 0N and less than 112N. Herbage mass in CLVR and ALF swards was greater than fertilised bermudagrass swards in the spring and did not differ from fertilised bermudagrass in the early summer. In late summer herbage accumulation of CLVR and ALF swards appeared to decrease, limiting the herbage mass in the legume pastures compared with 56N and 112N. Carrying capacity of CLVR and ALF swards was greater than fertilised bermudagrass in the spring and early summer, but did not differ from fertilised swards in the late summer. The N benefit of including legumes in bermudagrass swards can alleviate the reliance on synthetic N fertilisation with little overall effect on pasture carrying capacity.

scholarly journals Efeitos alelopáticos de algumas leguminosas e gramíneas sobre a flora invasora

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R.M. Medeiros ◽  
L.A.S. Castro ◽  
A.A. Lucchesi
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Foram estudados os efeitos alelopáticos produzidos por cinco espécies vegetais: as gramíneas Avena sativa L., e Lolium multiflorum Lamb.; e as leguminosas Vicia sp., Mediaago sativa L. e Trifolium repens L. Canteiros isolados foram preparados, adubados e semeados de acordo com as recomendações técnicas usuais. Nos resultados obtidos observou-se alta incidência de invasoras nos canteiros de Trifolium repens L. e Medicago sativa L., contrastando com os canteiros de Avena sativa L. e Lolium multiflorum Lamb., onde poucas foram as espécies encontradas; enquanto o canteiro de Vicia sp. manteve posição intermediária. Com base nos dados obtidos, pode-se recomendar as duas gramíneas como cultura de cobertura com propriedades alelopáticas, assim como a Vicia sp. quando desejar-se além da redução das plantas invasoras, matéria orgânica para incorporação.

SOME EFFECTS OF ALAR-85 ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ALFALFA AND LADINO CLOVER

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. CALDER ◽  
W. D. CANHAM ◽  
D. S. FENSOM
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Leaf Structure ◽  
Succinamic Acid ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

The chemical Alar-85 (N-dimethyl amino succinamic acid) was applied to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Ladino white clover plants (Trifolium repens L.) as an aqueous spray between 2,500 and 15,000 ppm. It was found that Alar-85 altered the growth of the plants and improved the ability of these plants to withstand frost and drought. In addition, changes in carbohydrate content of the plant tissue took place as well as changes in leaf structure and the morphology of vascular tissue. Spectrophotometric determinations of extracts of plant tissue indicated increased photosynthetic pigments with increased treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of arsenate on germination and early development parameters of three forage leguminous plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244
Author(s):  
Cristina V. Alvarez Gonçalvez ◽  
Magali Rodriguez ◽  
Alicia Fernández Cirelli ◽  
Alejo Leopoldo Pérez Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

A planície de Chacopampeana é uma das áreas mais afetadas pelo arsênico na Argentina, principalmente em águas subterrâneas, usada tanto para água potável animal quanto para irrigação forrageira. O principal objetivo deste estudo é determinar o efeito do arsênio (As) presente na água de irrigação sobre os parâmetros de germinação de sementes forrageiras: trevo vermelho (Trifolium pratense L.), trevo branco (Trifolium repens L.) e alfafa (Medicago sativa L.) expostos a diferentes concentrações de As (V). Verificou-se que os parâmetros de germinação e viabilidade das sementes das três espécies não foram afetados pelas concentrações elevadas de As. No entanto, reduziu significativamente o comprimento da radícula e o comprimento do hipocótilo das três mudas de forragem, e seu nível de inibição é maior com o aumento da concentração de As. Quanto à relação comprimento de hipocótilo/comprimento da radícula, os resultados evidenciaram que nas espécies de trevo tanto o hipocótilo quanto a radícula são afetados no mesmo grau, enquanto as radículas de alfafa pareceram mais afetadas do que os hipocótilos em concentrações maiores de As. Nossos resultados mostraram que a irrigação com soluções contém Afetar os parâmetros de crescimento de plântulas de maneira diferente nas três espécies, e foi demonstrado que o efeito do As é principalmente evidenciado em altas concentrações.

PATURAGE VERSUS ENSILAGE POUR LA PRODUCTION LAITIERE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-927
Author(s):  
J. L. DIONNE ◽  
G. ROY ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
C. FERNET ◽  
J. GENEST ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Timothy and Ladino-timothy pastures (Phleum pratence L. et Trifolium repens L.) were compared to corn (Zea mays) and alfalfa-timothy silages (Medicago sativa L. and Phleum pratence L.) for forage and milk production. Three groups of 10 Holstein cows were used over three summers. Concentrate feeding was done according to the amount of milk fat produced. The grazing season extended from 29 May to 7 Oct., and the stoking rate was 3.09 cows per hectare. Cows fed silage were kept in confinement. Forage dry matter yields were 8677 kg/ha for the timothy pasture, 6574 kg/ha for the Ladino-timothy pasture, 7040 kg/ha for the alfalfa-timothy silage and 8740 kg/ha for the corn silage. Milk production per hectare was highest from fields harvested for silage: 11 891 kg/ha from silage compared to 8147 kg/ha from pasture. The forage-producing area required per cow was 0.15 ha for the silage crop and 0.28 ha for the pastures. Daily fat corrected milk production per cow was 21.8 kg on Ladino-timothy pasture, 21.6 kg on timothy pasture and only 18.2 kg per cow fed silage. The feed conversion index was 1.16 kg of dry matter per kilogram of milk for cows on pasture and 0.88 for those receiving silage. Milk produced from timothy pasture contained more protein than milk produced from silage; other milk constituents were not affected by treatments. A high concentration of urea was found in the blood serum of cows grazing on pasture due to the high amount of nitrogen contained in the herbage.

Genetics, cytology, and crossing behavior of an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) mutant resulting in failure of the postmeiotic cytokinesis

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. McCoy ◽  
L. Y. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Microspore Mother Cell ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Single Nucleus ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Jumbo Pollen ◽  
Is Failure

During pollen investigations on diploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) several plants were identified which produced "jumbo" pollen. The cause of the jumbo pollen is failure of the postmeiotic cytokinesis. These plants produce a single, four-nucleate microspore from one microspore mother cell (MMC) rather than the normal four, single-nucleate microspores from one MMC. Subsequent gametophyte development is characterized by fusion of the four nuclei into a single nucleus in most cases (range of 80 to 100%), followed by a developmental sequence comparable to normal alfalfa. Mature 4n male gametophytes are thus formed from 2n sporophytes. Genetic control of the postmeiotic cytokinesis failure is by a single recessive gene, designated jp. Although a low frequency of jumbo pollen does germinate (range of 3.1 to 37.8%), crossing studies demonstrate jumbo pollen is incapable of effecting fertilization. The use of the jp mutant in breeding studies, and interspecific hybridization research, is discussed.

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