Defining entities in the Acacia saligna (Fabaceae) species complex using a population genetics approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Millar ◽  
M. Byrne ◽  
W. O'Sullivan

Traditional morphological taxonomic classification is problematic in the Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. species complex. Reliable identification of entities within the species is essential due to its extensive use both in Australia and overseas, its propensity for weediness, and its ongoing development for use in agroforestry. We used a Bayesian analysis approach to assess genetic structure in populations across the species natural range and to define the natural distributions of various genetic entities. The results indicate that three highly divergent genetic entities are apparent in the A. saligna species complex with further fine-scale genetic subdivision present within two. The three primary genetic entities correspond to the informally described subsp. ‘saligna’ and subsp. ‘pruinescens’ combined, subsp. ‘stolonifera’, and subsp. ‘lindleyi’. Within this primary structure two further entities are apparent; one separating subsp. ‘saligna’/‘pruinescens’ into eastern and western populations and the other distinguishing north-western ‘lindleyi’ populations from the rest of that subspecies distribution. The north-western catchments may have been an important refugium for the species diversity. The results of the study will aid in breeding programs, conservation of natural populations and control of invasive populations of this taxon.

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
M. A. Millar ◽  
M. Byrne ◽  
W. O'Sullivan

Traditional morphological taxonomic classification is problematic in the Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. species complex. Reliable identification of entities within the species is essential due to its extensive use both in Australia and overseas, its propensity for weediness, and its ongoing development for use in agroforestry. We used a Bayesian analysis approach to assess genetic structure in populations across the species natural range and to define the natural distributions of various genetic entities. The results indicate that three highly divergent genetic entities are apparent in the A. saligna species complex with further fine-scale genetic subdivision present within two. The three primary genetic entities correspond to the informally described subsp. ?saligna' and subsp. ?pruinescens' combined, subsp. ?stolonifera', and subsp. ?lindleyi'. Within this primary structure two further entities are apparent; one separating subsp. ?saligna'/?pruinescens' into eastern and western populations and the other distinguishing north-western ?lindleyi' populations from the rest of that subspecies distribution. The north-western catchments may have been an important refugium for the species diversity. The results of the study will aid in breeding programs, conservation of natural populations and control of invasive populations of this taxon.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Gupta ◽  
R. Selvakumar ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
C. N. Mishra ◽  
V. Tiwari ◽  
...  

Wheat production is globally weighed down by several biotic factors of which rusts and powdery mildew are the most important. Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is becoming a disease of major importance in the North Western Plains Zone and Northern Hills Zone of the country. In the present context ofclimate variability, diseases like powdery mildew can assume greater importance in wheat breeding programs. Importance of basic studies on powdery mildew is the need of hour. A set of 370 Indian bread wheat, durum, dicoccum and triticale varieties were screened using mixture of natural occurring pathotypes from four locations(viz., Karnal, Ludhiana, Dhaulakuan and Yamunanagar) under polyhouse conditions. Data were recorded on the severity of infection based on 0-9 scale. Out of 370, only 23 varieties (Amrut, DDK 1025, DWR 1006, DWR 195, GW 1139, HD 4672, HD 4530, HD 2278, HD 1981, DDK 1001, HI 8627, Jay, TL 2942, DT 46, K 8020, DDK 1029, K 9107, K 816, Lok 1, MACS 6145, DDK 1009, NP 111 and NP 200) had shown immune reaction (0) whereas 150, 83 and 114 varieties have shown resistance (1-3), moderately susceptible (4-6) and highly susceptible (>6) response respectively against powdery mildew. Data indicated that there is an urgent need to broaden the genetic base of wheat by identifying and introgressing new sources of powdery mildew resistance. With limited sources of PM resistance available, above identified genotypes can be further used and characterized for resistance breeding programs in India.


Author(s):  
Valeriano Parravicini ◽  
Alessio Rovere ◽  
Marco Donato ◽  
Carlo Morri ◽  
Carlo Nike Bianchi

The impact of date-mussel fishery on substratum rugosity was evaluated at Capo Noli and Isola di Bergeggi (Savona, north-western Italian coast) in the summer of 2004. A new measure of substratum rugosity was used as a surface-dependent index of complexity. The results were compared between impact and control sites using two-way analysis of variance and suggested that the mussel fishery reduces substratum complexity.


HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 591f-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwen Huang ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Tom Kubisiak

The population structure and genetic diversity of American chestnut trees collected in nine states along the natural range of the species was evaluated using 20 isozyme loci. Genetic heterozygosity (Ht:Nei, 1978) ranged from 0.089 in the Georgia and 0.094 in the North Carolina population to 0.172 in the northernmost (Connecticut) and 0.181 in the southernmost (Alabama) population. Four populations (Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia, and Alabama) were selected for RAPD analysis using 22 loci randomly distributed across the chestnut genome. The highest level of heterozygosity was in the Alabama population. UPGMA phenograms generated for the isozyme and RAPD markers using Nei's genetic identity showed similar genetic relationships among American chestnut populations.


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