Physiological Characterisation of Salt-resistant Rice (Oryza sativa) Somaclones

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Lutts ◽  
Jules Bouharmont ◽  
Jean-Marie Kinet
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Culture Techniques

The progenies of 90 R0 plants regenerated from mature embryo-derived rice (Oryza sativa L.) calli obtained from two cultivars (I Kong Pao, salt-sensitive and Aiwu, moderately resistant) exposed to NaCl stress at various steps of in vitro culture, were screened for their salinity resistance in nutritive solution. Sixteen R1 families presented a higher survival rate in stress conditions than their corresponding initial cultivar and several of them exhibited an improvement in the mean number of spikelets per panicle and total grain weight produced per stressed plant. In four cases, the better behaviour of the somaclonal family could be related to physiological modifications such as a higher K+ :Na+ discrimination, preferential Na+ accumulation in the oldest leaves, lower decrease in cell membrane stability or higher tissue tolerance to internal Na+ accumulation. In some cases, these physiological properties were transmitted to R2 progenies. Heritabilities of yield-related parameters were quantified in control and stress conditions. The relationships between these parameters and the physiological behaviour of stressed material are discussed in relation to the effectiveness of in vitro culture techniques for the selection of salt-resistant plants in rice compared with a simple mass selection.

Salinity Results in Polyamine Accumulation in Early Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seedlings

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Basu ◽  
N Maitra ◽  
B Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Arginine Decarboxylase ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Polyamine Content ◽  
Early Rice

Saline (NaCl) stress in germinated seedlings of rice cv. Rupsail causes an increase in polyamine content and concomitantly an enhancement of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity; in the case of putrescine, the increase is 100%. The responsiveness of coleoptiles and roots is different; ADC activity is maximum in roots and coleoptiles at 50 mM and 100 mM respectively. Difluoromethyl arginine, a potent inhibitor of ADC, reduces both polyamine accumulation and ADC activity. NaCl can enhance the activity of ADC by 1.6-fold in vitro. [14C]leucine incorporation into protein at 400 mM NaCl is decreased 4- and 10-fold in coleoptiles and roots, respectively. Efflux of sugar, amino acid, polyamines and total electrolytes increased gradually with the increase in concentration of salt. Influx of Na+ and Cl- and efflux of K+ in coleoptiles and roots are directly proportional to the concentration of NaCl applied.

Isolation and in vitro culture of zygotes and central cells of Oryza sativa L.

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhao ◽  
C. Zhou ◽  
H. Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

scholarly journals Regeneração in vitro de anteras de arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa L.) e mapeamento de QTL associado

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1355-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Dias Lannes ◽  
Paulo Dejalma Zimmer ◽  
Antonio Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Alano Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

A baixa taxa de regeneração in vitro de alguns cultivares de arroz da subespécie indica limita a utilização de técnicas de cultura de anteras como ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de novos cultivares. A identificação de regiões genômicas associadas à formação de calos e regeneração de plantas, a partir do cultivo de anteras, poderá permitir a transferência do caráter por seleção assistida. Duas populações de retrocruzamento foram utilizadas para o mapeamento genético e estudo destes caracteres, sendo Taipei 309// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (53 genótipos) e BRS 7 "Taim"// BRS 7 "Taim"/Taipei 309 (74 genótipos). Duzentas anteras imaturas de cada genótipo utilizado no estudo foram inoculadas em meio NL líquido e, após 40 dias, os calos formados foram transferidos para o meio MS sólido para regeneração de plantas. Todas as plantas doadoras de anteras foram usadas na extração de DNA genômico e sete primers RAPD foram utilizados na geração de marcadores para a construção dos mapas de ligação dos retrocruzamentos estudados. A taxa de formação de calos variou de 2,27 a 3,36% e a taxa de regeneração de plantas 1,38 a 1,82%, não se diferenciando significativamente. Seis grupos de ligação foram obtidos, três em cada população. Um QTL com LOD 3,10 foi detectado para o caráter formação de calos na população Taipei 309 // BRS 7 "Taim" / Taipei 309. Nenhum QTL foi detectado para a característica regeneração de plantas.

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