Effective trapping methods for assessing invertebrates in vineyards

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Thomson ◽  
P. J. Neville ◽  
A. A. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Invertebrate Biodiversity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Agricultural Industries ◽  
Yellow Sticky Trap ◽  
Potential Tool ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

There is increasing interest in developing environmental management systems to ensure that agricultural industries are sustainable; invertebrate indicators provide one potential tool for monitoring sustainable production. As a first step in developing invertebrate indicators for viticulture, we compare the efficiency of 3 common trapping methods in assessing populations of relevant orders of invertebrates. Yellow sticky traps were more effective in trapping Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Araneae and Coleoptera; transparent sticky traps were best for Lepidoptera and Neuroptera; and pitfall traps for Collembola and the family Formicidae. Numbers collected differed among months and December was the best month, overall, for trapping. Preliminary guidelines are developed for assessing key orders. While several methods are required for assessing invertebrate biodiversity, most orders can be sampled with a single method, particularly the yellow sticky trap. Our results indicate that changes in numbers of beneficial orders, due to changes in management practices, can be detected. Power analyses suggest a relatively small number of yellow sticky traps would be sufficient to detect changes of around 30%, or greater.

Natural Enemy Community Composition and Impact on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs in Minnesota Apple Orchards

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailey N Shanovich ◽  
Brian H Aukema ◽  
Robert L Koch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Predator Abundance ◽  
Polyphagous Insect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Abstract Halyomorpha halys is an invasive, polyphagous insect that feeds on many major crops, including apple. Statewide monitoring in Minnesota has shown continued increase of H. halys populations and occurrence of this pest in apple orchards. Potential arthropod natural enemies of H. halys and other pests have not been studied in Minnesota apple orchards. The purpose of this study was to characterize the composition of natural enemy communities; compare their abundances, richness and diversities between apple cultivars using different sampling methods; and assess the impact of natural enemies on sentinel eggs of H. halys in Minnesota apple orchards. Sampling occurred during the summers of 2017 and 2018 on Zestar! and Honeycrisp cultivars in four different apple orchards. In vacuum samples, arachnids, neuropterans, and coccinellids had the highest relative abundances. On yellow sticky traps, anthocorids were the most abundant. The total predator abundance differed between the cultivars sampled across years, with more predators found on Zestar! compared with Honeycrisp. No differences were observed in richness or diversity between cultivars with the exception of yellow sticky traps in 2017, which showed a greater diversity of predators in Zestar!. Despite the abundance of natural enemies sampled, sentinel egg masses deployed in the orchards each summer suffered on average <2% predation and no parasitism across years. Knowledge of differences in predator abundance between cultivars could inform management decisions; however, with current management practices, the potential for biological control of H. halys in conventional apple orchards appears low.

The canopy, bark, soil and litter invertebrate fauna of the Darling Plateau and adjacent woodland near Perth, Western Australia, with reference to the diversity of forest and woodland invertebrates

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Majer ◽  
H. F. Recher ◽  
B. E. Heterick ◽  
A. C. Postle
Keyword(s):  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Invertebrate Biodiversity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Total Diversity

This paper tables and reports on pooled taxonomic data from three separate research projects involving aspects of eucalypt invertebrate ecology: canopy invertebrates in jarrah and marri forest; bark invertebrates on four eucalypt species in forest and woodland; and soil and litter fauna in jarrah and marri forest. The data support the concept of a high invertebrate biodiversity on and under southwestern eucalypts, with 1 234 adult morphospecies of invertebrates being collected from the bark alone. Despite different trapping methods used in each of the three studies, we were able to find a high degree of overlap at the family level between bark and canopy fauna (126 families were found on both bark and in the canopy representing 79.2% of 159 canopy families). Eighty identified genera were also found on both bark and canopy, which represents 46.2% of the 173 identified canopy genera. The soil and litter fauna data are not complete (a taxonomic inventory of Acarina and Formicidae is not available) but appears to be more distinctive, sharing only 24 families (= 60% of the 40 identified soil-litter families) with bark, and 17 families (= 42.5% of the soil-litter families) with the canopy. At the generic level, only seven identified genera (= 8.6% of 22 soil-litter genera) were shared between soil-litter and bark, and five genera (= 6.2% of soil-litter genera) were shared between soil-litter and the canopy. An examination of the trophic guilds reveals that fungivores-decomposers were very diverse in soil and litter (accounting for approximately 50% of the biodiversity in these substrates). This guild was much less diverse on the canopy (21.6% of the canopy diversity) and the bark (16.9% of bark diversity). Sap-sucking organisms were more diverse in soil (13.9%) and litter (12.8%) than on the canopy (5.3%) or on bark (5.9%). The canopy result is surprising, and suggests that not many invertebrate species are able to feed on the sap of southwestern eucalypts, the sap of which may contain a high proportion of toxic compounds. Predators were more diverse on the canopy and on bark (?19-23% of total taxa) than in soil and litter (? 9-9.5%), as were parasitoids (18.7% and 22.5% compared with 10.5% and 14.8%). Epiphyte grazers and phytophages were not very diverse (=11 %) on any of the substrates, and representatives of other guilds or organisms whose diet was unknown accounted for less than 2.5% of the total diversity. Tourist species were not recognised among the soil and litter fauna, though they were found in the canopy and on bark, and ants were not quantified for soil and litter.

scholarly journals Contributions to the 2014 and 2015 flight pattern and damages of Carpomyia schineri Loew.

2015 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Voigt ◽  
Dóra Kelemen ◽  
Miklós Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
The Future ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Walnut Husk ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

The fly Carpomyia schineri Loew is a pest of the berries of the feral Rosa canina group but is can also be found in the berries of grown rose cultivars. The larva damages the flesh of the berry, several larvae can develop inside a single berry. It can decrease the quantity and ascorbic acid content of the tea and jam, which are important human ascorbic acid sources during winter. At the same time in trapping experiments the adult can be confounded with adults of the walnut husk fly (Rhagoletis completa Cresson). In collections of berries at several sites in Hungary damage levels ranged from 0.88% to 65.08 %. Based on these damage levels we had the impression that the yellow sticky traps CSALOMON® PALz or PALs baited with the synthetic Rhagoletis lure caught moderate numbers of adults and were not satisfactory for detection, consequently improving trapping methods is necessary in the future.

Inside an African family business estate: the founder’s legacy and the successor’s dilemma

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubaida Muhumed ◽  
Virginia Bodolica ◽  
Martin Spraggon
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family

Subject area Family business. Study level/applicability Specialized undergraduate courses, Elective MBA courses. Case overview This case study uncovers the remarkable story of the relentless growth and sporadic weakening of Nurul Ain (NA) Limited, a family business conglomerate with major operations in the Eastern region of Africa. The case provides an opportunity to follow the different stages of development of this family-owned organization through a sequence of strategic events and family dynamics that led to its recurrent success, decline and rejuvenation. Despite the numerous successes of NA Limited since its establishment in the early 1990s, the ambiguous relationship between family, ownership and management systems has caused a ripple effect of strategic, structural and governance challenges that threaten the sustainability of the family business. Nowadays, the founder faces the pressing challenge of ensuring his legacy remains intact and is passed over to his chosen successor, who, in turn, is confronted with the dilemma of joining the family business or pursing an independent career outside NA Limited. Shedding light on the complexity of today’s family-run organizations, the case allows examining the effectiveness of strategic decision-making in an emerging market context by applying a variety of family business principles, theories and frameworks. Expected learning outcomes Discuss the sources of competitive advantage and the typical challenges that family firms face in the context of emerging markets. Perform a comprehensive corporate diagnosis and examine the specificities of strategic management process in family businesses. Assess the succession management practices in family-run organizations and design a profile of successful successor. Discuss the effectiveness of various corporate governance mechanisms in the context of family-owned enterprises. Evaluate the strategic choices of the top management team and offer recommendations for securing the family business longevity. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

scholarly journals Native insect pollinators in Apple orchards under different management practices in the Kashmir Valley

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Ahmad Ganie ◽  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Nazeer Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Family Contribution

It is now clear that over use of pesticides and intensive management of orchards can lead to drastic declines in apple pollinator abundance and crop failures. During the period of study a grower’s survey was conducted to know about knowledge of farmers on native insect pollinators, pollinator management practices, their perceptions of the importance and utility of native pollinators, and their attitudes regarding pesticide application. Despite of having significant knowledge of managed pollination, only few farmers (2%) adopted supplementary methods of pollination (renting honey bee colonies, hand pollination etc.). In Pulwama, 60% of farmers had knowledge about native insect pollinators and 40% did not have any idea of native pollinators and in case of Shopian, the figures were fifty-fifty i.e. 50% had knowledge about native insect pollinators and 50% were unaware. During the period of investigation, native insect pollinators were sampled from different apple orchards under different management systems in early spring during apple flowering. A total of 17 species of insect pollinators belonging to 11 families and 3 orders_ Hymenoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera registered their occurrence at all the studied apple orchards of the Kashmir Valley. At all the study sites i.e. apple orchards under different management systems, family Halictidae and Empididae registered their presence as dominant groups. The % family contribution of the former at different orchard types decreased with increase in the intensity of the management system and the % family contribution of the later however, showed a direct relationship with the management system found, i.e. the more intense the system, the more abundant was the group. Other groups in general did not show any greater differences in abundances at different sites studied.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Released Potato Psyllids and their Bacteriliferous Status in Relation to Zebra Chip Incidence in Caged Field Plots

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 1762-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Workneh ◽  
L. Paetzold ◽  
A. Rashed ◽  
C. M. Rush
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sticky Trap ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Yellow Sticky Trap ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Field Plots

Potato psyllids vector ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso), the putative causal agent of potato zebra chip (ZC). Currently, sticky traps are the primary psyllid monitoring tools used by growers for making management decisions. However, the reliability of sticky traps in predicting psyllid numbers in potato fields has always been questioned. In 2013 and 2014, experiments were conducted in covered field plots at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Station at Bushland to investigate the relationships among initial psyllid numbers, psyllids captured on sticky traps and their Lso status, and zebra chip incidence. Three densities of Lso-positive psyllids (5, 15, or 30/cage) were released under 2-week-old potato canopies with four replications in plot sizes of 7.6 to 9 m by 5 rows. Psyllids were released under the first plant in the center row and monitored weekly with a yellow sticky trap from the opposite end. Number of plants with zebra chip symptoms also was counted weekly beginning one month after infestation with psyllids. The total number of psyllids captured on sticky traps and disease incidence levels generally corresponded to the levels of psyllid density treatments (5 < 15 < 30), but the differences became more apparent toward the end of the experiments. Psyllid numbers in the different density treatments fluctuated more or less in synchrony over time, which appeared to reflect periodic emergence of new generations of psyllids. Initially, all captured psyllids tested positive for Lso. However, the proportions of psyllids testing positive declined dramatically after a few weeks, which suggested that the new generations of psyllids were devoid of Lso. Over all, less than 50% of captured psyllids tested positive for the pathogen. The decline in proportions of psyllids testing positive for Lso following successive generations has significant relevance to field situations and may partly explain why there are generally low percentages of Lso-positive psyllids under field conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yellow Sticky Traps for Monitoring the Population of Thrips (Thysanoptera) in a Mango Orchard

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamaseh Aliakbarpour ◽  
Che Salmah Md. Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document