Soil management of peach trees in the Goulburn Valley, Victoria

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Cockroft
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Bare Surface

A soil management trial on peach trees at Tatura Horticultural Research Station included four treatments that were cultivated, three permanent sods, a bare surface, and a straw mulch. The trees under straw mulch grew the largest and produced the highest yields (11.4 tons an acre a year over five years). Yields of all other treatments were similar (7.8 tons an acre a pear over five years) although the trees under clean cultivation and bare surface tended to be larger than the rest. The results are discussed in terms of competition from summer covers, tree root growth in the surface soil, and the utilization of irrigation water.

Soil management of irrigated young peach trees in the Goulburn Valley, Victoria

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (67) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Cockroft ◽  
JM Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Replant Problem ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Bare Surface

A trial on soil management of irrigated young peach trees at Tatura Horticultural Research Station included four cultivated, one bare surface, and three straw-mulched treatments. Measurements of butt circumferences and pruning weights over the four pre-cropping years show that the most vigorous trees grew under straw. Within a range of cultivated treatments, vigour of trees depended very much on soil management before the trial; for example, trees grew much faster on land previously under lucerne, than trees that grew on old cultivated land. Trees under bare surface were intermediate. Although the trial consisted of replanted trees, we found no replant problem.

The development of impermeable layer under straw mulch in a soil management trail

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
JDF Black
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Impermeable Layer ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Mulch Cover ◽  
Horticultural Research

Following the death of peach trees under a straw mulch system of management at Scoresby Horticultural Research Station, the soil moisture relations of mulch, cover crop, and pasture systems of management were studied. Examination of soil moisture levels indicated the presence of an impermeable layer under mulch. This was supported by results of investigations into surface run-off and porosity and by visual examination. It is suggested that trees died from surface waterlogging above the impermeable layer.

Effect of soil management, pH, and fertilizers on Packham's Triumph and Josephine de Malines pears

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
A Selimi ◽  
JC Keatley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Potassium Sulphate ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Post Trial ◽  
Bare Surface ◽  
Tree Vigour ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Similar Yield

The effects of soil management, liming (soil pH), and fertilizers on Packham's Triumph and Josephine de Malines pears under irrigation conditions were studied. The management systems were cultivation, straw mulch, bare surface, and white clover sward. The fertilizers were phosphorus and nitrogen (on straw mulch only), potash and nitrogen (on bare surface only), nitrogen on clover sward only, and calcium as agricultural lime and nitrogen (on cultivation only). Treatment effects were expressed as yield or vigour differences between pre-trial and post-trial periods. Packham's gave similar yield of fruit whether on cultivation or straw mulch. The yield from clover sward and bare surface was much lower than from straw mulch trees. Tree vigour was best under straw mulch and similar within the other treatments. For Josephine, all treatments yielded equally, but tree vigour was best under straw mulch plots. Packham's under bare surface and receiving the highest dressing of potassium sulphate yielded better than the unfertilized trees. Josephine under straw mulch and receiving the highest dressing of superphosphate yielded better than unfertilized trees. Under clover sward, Packham's receiving no artificial nitrogen had lower yield than those receiving standard dressing of nitrogen (0.7 metric tons per hectare of ammonium sulphate). Under these conditions, there were no differences in the yield of Josephines, whether they had artificial nitrogen or not. Packham's under cultivation had similar yield at pH 5.0, 6.5, or 7.5. Josephines, however, yielded much better at pH 6.5 and 7.5 than at pH 5.0.

Distribution of peach roots under pasture and cultivation

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
PD Mitchell ◽  
JDF Black
Keyword(s):  
Root Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Over Time

At the Scoresby Horticultural Research Station four peach trees, growing in a fine sandy clay loam developed on a Silurian mudstone, with pasture on one side of the tree row and cultivation on the other, were excavated in 1962 with water under high pressure hosing. In 1966 four similar trees were excavated in the same way. From 1962 to 1966 additional nitrogen was applied to all trees and complete autumn and spring ploughing replaced a modified cultivation system of autumn and spring discing. No differences were found between treatments or between times of excavation for total root weight or for three grades of root, fibre (<l mm), medium (1-9 mm), and framework (<9 mm). However, the root distribution patterns differed markedly and changed with time. Fibre root distribution improved over time for pasture and declined for cultivation, and by 1966 was more widespread under pasture than under cultivation. Part of these changes could be attributed to waterlogging damage in 1964. The pattern of root distribution helped to explain the tolerance of the pasture trees to wet conditions and was consistent with tree growth.

Optimum irrigation rates for young trickle irrigated peach trees

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
JDF Black ◽  
PD Mitchell ◽  
PN Newgreen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Class A ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Class A Pan ◽  
Wide Size Range

At the Scoresby Horticultural Research Station in the 1973-74 season an empirical formula was developed to relate the water needs of young peach trees to tree size as measured by butt area and evaporation demand as measured with a Class A pan evaporimeter. The formula was expressed as litres per cm2 of butt area per cm of evaporation. Nine rates of irrigation were tested. These rose by 0.5 litre increments from 0.5 litres to 4.5 litres. Trees were selected over a wide size range. Irrigation quantities were adjusted fortnightly to butt area. The smaller the initial size of the tree at planting the lower the rate of irrigation required for maximum growth, but with the tree sizes covered in the trial (a range in initial butt area of 0.54 cm2 to 3.68 cm2) 95 per cent of the maximum growth response occurred between irrigation rates of 2.5 and 3.5 litres per cm2 of butt area per cm of evaporation. At the higher irrigation rates the bigger the tree at planting the greater the response to irrigation.

Soil physical properties and root concentrations in an irritated peach orchard

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Richards ◽  
B Cockroft
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Peach Orchard ◽  
Made In

The root concentrations of irrigated peach trees were measured under three soil management treatments (cultivation, bare soil, and straw mulch) and at three different sites across the tree rows. The study was made in a typical Goulburn Valley soil where roots mass in the shallow A horizon above the heavy clay of the B horizon. Root concentrations were related to soil water suction, aeration, and mechanical resistance. The root concentration was influenced by the site rather than soil management treatment. The treeline bank contained 60 per cent of all surface soil roots, apparently due to its open, stable structure. In contrast, the hard traffic line supported very few roots. The inter-row contained less roots than the tree line for reasons which differed according to soil management treatment.

scholarly journals Root Development Patterns in Field Grown Peach Trees

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Glenn ◽  
W.V. Welker
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root System ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Peach Trees

The objective was to determine the interrelationship between root growth and plant available soil water (PAW) for young, nonbearing, and mature fruiting peach trees (Prunus persica L. Batsch) over 7 years. Root growth observed with minirhizotrons indicated that young, nonbearing trees developed new white roots throughout the growing season. The pattern of new white root growth became bimodal when the trees fruited. White root production in mature trees appeared in March, preceding budbreak, ceased in June, resumed following fruitremoval in August, and persisted through January. The appearance of white roots was inversely related to the presence of fruit and was not correlated to PAW levels in the 0 to 90 cm depth. The lack of root growth response to PAW levels was attributed to a root system that penetrated the soil to depths beyond our zone of sampling. Circumstantial evidence suggests that deep roots help maintain the surface root system when the surface soil dries.

Correction - Distribution of peach roots under pasture and cultivation

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
PD Mitchell ◽  
JDF Black
Keyword(s):  
Root Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Over Time

At the Scoresby Horticultural Research Station four peach trees, growing in a fine sandy clay loam developed on a Silurian mudstone, with pasture on one side of the tree row and cultivation on the other, were excavated in 1962 with water under high pressure hosing. In 1966 four similar trees were excavated in the same way. From 1962 to 1966 additional nitrogen was applied to all trees and complete autumn and spring ploughing replaced a modified cultivation system of autumn and spring discing. No differences were found between treatments or between times of excavation for total root weight or for three grades of root, fibre (<l mm), medium (1-9 mm), and framework (>9 mm). However, the root distribution patterns differed markedly and changed with time. Fibre root distribution improved over time for pasture and declined for cultivation, and by 1966 was more widespread under pasture than under cultivation. Part of these changes could be attributed to waterlogging damage in 1964. The pattern of root distribution helped to explain the tolerance of the pasture trees to wet conditions and was consistent with tree growth.

Yield and quality evaluation of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) genotypes under high rainfall zone of Tamil Nadu

1970 ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
R Balakumbahan ◽  
J P Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Rainfall Region ◽  
Horticultural Research

An experiment on ginger was undertaken between April 2012 to March 2015 at Horticultural Research Station, Pechiparai with an objective to identify suitable ginger cultivar or accession with higher yield and quality attributes suitable for high rainfall zone of Tamil Nadu. Twenty four ginger genotypes, local strains and varieties were collected from different ginger growing tracts of India and evaluated for their performance in high rainfall region. Among the twenty four genotypes tested, the accession Z. O- 4 recorded higher fresh rhizome yield (22.16 ha-1) than other genotypes whereas Z. O - 6 recorded highest dry recovery per cent (22.47%). Higher oleoresin and fibre content was recorded in genotypes Z. O – 5 (9.56%) and Z . O – 17 (11.20%) respectively. 

Unequal Probability Scheme for Fruit Count in a Guava Tree

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. BHARATI
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Equal Probability ◽  
Sampling Scheme ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unequal Probability ◽  
Selection Probabilities ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Number Of Branches

Data on fruit count corresponding to primary, secondary and tertiary branches of a randomly selected guava CV. Allahabad Safeda were recorded from the guava orchard of Horticultural Research Station, Birauli. The proposed sampling scheme in which the selection probabilities are based on length of braches between two forking points was compared with equal probability(PE), probability proportional to the number of branches(PPN), probability proportional to the cross sectional area (PPA) and probability proportional to volume (PPV) method of sampling and found to be more efficient.

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