Hepatic copper concentration of steers grazing pastures on developed wet heath land in south-eastern Queensland

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJW Gartner ◽  
JG Young ◽  
PM Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Copper Therapy ◽  
Low Levels

A 2 X 2 factorial design was used to investigate the effects of copper and cobalt therapy of Hereford steers grazing Lotononis-Pangola pastures on the wet heath areas of coastal south-eastern Queensland. Copper was given as a subcutaneous injection of copper glycinate and cobalt as an intra- ruminal cobalt oxide pellet. Liver samples were obtained at three-monthly intervals for 18 months. The liver copper concentration of untreated animals decreased to low levels (<10 p.p.m.). Copper therapy increased (P<0.01) and cobalt therapy decreased (P<0.01) liver copper levels. There were, however, no significant differences in bodyweight gains.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a commercially available molybdate formulation and zinc oxide boluses in preventing hepatic copper accumulation and thus enzootic icterus in sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Botha ◽  
A.S. Shakespeare ◽  
R. Gehring ◽  
D. Van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Copper Excretion ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Urinary Copper ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Urinary Copper Excretion

The efficacy of a molybdate formulation and a zinc oxide bolus as prophylactic agents for enzootic icterus was evaluated in sheep. Before copper loading, liver biopsies were performed on 12 male, 6-month-old, Mutton Merino sheep to determine hepatic copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The animals were restrictively randomised according to liver copper concentrations to 3 treatment groups (n = 4) to achieve similar mean liver copper concentrations per group. All sheep received 4 m /kg of a 0.5 %aqueous solution of CuSO4·5H2O intraruminally 7 days per week for 10 weeks. On Day 0 the sheep in the Mo-group were injected subcutaneously with 42 mg molybdenum (Mo) contained in a commercial molybdate formulation. The animals in the Zn-group each received a zinc oxide bolus, containing 43 g zinc oxide, via a rumen cannula. Treatment was repeated on Day 42. Four animals served as untreated controls. Urinary copper excretion, plasma copper concentration, haematocrit and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) activity were determined throughout the trial. The animals were sacrificed after 10 weeks and liver samples were submitted for histopathological examination. Liver and kidney copper and zinc concentrations were determined. Neither the molybdate treatment nor the zinc oxide boluses prevented hepatic copper accumulation. The urinary copper excretion, plasma copper concentration, haematocrit and GLDH activity were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from the controls.

Hereditary Copper Toxicosis in West Highland White Terriers

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Thornburg ◽  
D. Shaw ◽  
M. Dolan ◽  
M. Raisbeck ◽  
S. Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Copper Storage ◽  
High Liver

Histologic, histochemical and atomic absorption studies on liver tissue from 71 West Highland white terriers are reported. Twenty-seven dogs had histologically normal liver and copper concentration comparable to mongrel control dogs. Forty-four dogs had hepatic copper concentrations up to 22 limes the mean copper concentration found in clinically normal mongrel dogs. Hepatitis, hepatic necrosis and cirrhosis were associated with the increased copper concentration in some dogs. Matings between dogs with high liver copper concentration produced pups with high liver concentration. The copper storage defect is inherited.

scholarly journals Liver copper concentration in cattle and herbage copper, sulphur, iron and molybdenum concentrations on commercial farms in the Wairoa region

1999 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
A.J. Litherland ◽  
C.J. Korte ◽  
A. Dowling ◽  
D. Smith ◽  
C. Moffat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Seasonal changes in herbage elements (Cu, Mo, S, Fe), pasture growth, and soil moisture were measured and their relationships with liver Cu concentration in weaner heifers (n=10-12) and breeding cows (n=10-12) were determined on 7 commercial farms in the Wairoa region. Liver biopsy samples were collected at 2 to 4 monthly intervals and herbage and soil moisture monthly from spring 1996 to spring 1998. Mean Mo concentration of herbage offered to cattle on the 7 farms ranged from 0.7 to 3.2 mg Mo/kgDM and Cu herbage concentrations from 5.7 to 10.5 mg Cu/kgDM. Mean concentrations of Cu in cattle livers ranged from 85 to 204 μmol Cu/kgFW across farms. Herbage Cu, S and Fe concentrations were highly seasonal with low levels in late spring- summer and high levels in autumn and winter. In contrast, herbage Mo was less seasonal. There was a suggestion that variation in liver Cu across seasons was positively affected by increasing herbage Cu concentration and negatively affected by increasing herbage S concentration and unaffected by herbage Mo concentration. Over the two years 46% of non- Cu supplemented cows and 32% of weaners had deficient (

Assessment of copper accumulation in archived liver specimens from cats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2096135
Author(s):  
Punyamanee Yamkate ◽  
Randi M Gold ◽  
Panagiotis G Xenoulis ◽  
Katja Steiger ◽  
David C Twedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess hepatic copper concentrations and zonal distribution in cat liver specimens. Methods For this study, 121 archived, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver specimens from cats were used. Tissue sections were stained for copper with rhodanine and scored from 0 (no copper accumulation) to 5 (panlobular copper accumulation). The tissue specimens were then deparaffinized and hepatic copper concentrations were measured using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results Tissue samples were categorized into four groups based on histopathologic findings: (1) no significant histopathologic hepatic changes (n = 66); (2) hepatic steatosis (n = 18); (3) inflammatory or infectious disease (n = 24); and (4) neoplasia (n = 13). Of the 121 specimens, 13 (11%) stained positive for copper, with three having a score ⩾3. Thirty-seven specimens (31%) had copper concentrations above the reference interval ([RI] <180 µg/g dry weight liver). Copper concentrations in cats with hepatic inflammatory or infectious disease were significantly higher than cats with hepatic steatosis ( P = 0.03). Copper-staining score and concentration were positively correlated ( rs = 0.46, P <0.001). Conclusions and relevance Despite the fact that 31% of specimens had copper concentrations above the RI, only 11% showed positive copper staining and only 2.5% had a score ⩾3. Our findings suggest that hepatic copper concentrations greater than the upper limit of the RI are relatively common in cats. Further studies to determine the factors that influence hepatic copper staining in cats and to establish contemporary RIs for hepatic copper in healthy cats are warranted.

Conception rate in hill ewes given a multi-trace element/vitamin bolus before mating

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
R.G. Hemingway ◽  
J.J. Parkins ◽  
N.S. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Foetal Mortality ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Total Life

Conception rate in ewes, mainly by reduction in early foetal mortality, have been improved by a range of individual supplementary trace elements (especially Se, but also Cu, Co, Mn and Zn) given prior to mating (Hidiroglou, 1979). Ritchie et al. (1997) has described significant improvements in liver copper concentration and blood glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx) in ewes given a single sustained-release multi-trace element and vitamin bolus which incorporates a grinder (‘Small-Trace’, Agrimin Ltd., Brigg DN20 0SP). This communication describes studies in the conception rate of ewes given this bolus at three grazing sites. Each flock was judged by the veterinary surgeon concerned to require routine trace element supplementation and which had previously been given by various combinations of injections, drenches, single element boluses and/or copper oxide needles.Each bolus contained 5.3g Cu, 50mg Se, 90mg Co, lOOmg I, 4.7g Zn and 3.3g Mn with (iu) 268 x 103 vitamin A, 54 x 103 vitamin D and 800 vitamin E. About one-half of each nutrient is released in the first 6-8 weeks; thereafter the rate slows and the total life of the bolus is c. 7 months. (Ritchie et al. 1997).

A comparison of copper-loading disease in Bedlington terriers and Wilson's disease in humans

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (3) ◽  
pp. G226-G230 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Su ◽  
S. Ravanshad ◽  
C. A. Owen ◽  
J. T. McCall ◽  
P. E. Zollman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Wilson's Disease ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Erythrocyte Survival ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity

Eleven Bedlington terriers were found to have a mean hepatic copper concentration of 6,321 micrograms/g dry wt (normal, 200 micrograms/g dry wt) and renal copper concentration that was three or four times normal. Brain copper levels were normal in younger dogs, were elevated in two older dogs, and were 100 times normal in one dog that died of the disease. Increased concentrations of copper in the liver, kidney, and brain also characterize Wilson's disease. Erythrocyte survival was normal in three affected dogs, but serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels were usually elevated. Unlike the hypoceruloplasminemia of patients with Wilson's disease, plasma ceruloplasmin activity was not only normal but was also slightly elevated in the terriers. Despite their normal or excessive ceruloplasmin, the Bedlington terriers could convert ionic 64Cu to radioceruloplasmin but did so only very slowly. These dogs accumulated significantly more 64Cu in their livers than normal, much like patients with Wilson's disease do before symptoms develop.

scholarly journals Association between Liver Copper Concentration and Subclinical Hepatitis in Doberman Pinschers

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J.J. Mandigers ◽  
T.S.G.A.M. Ingh ◽  
P. Bode ◽  
E. Teske ◽  
J. Rothuizen
Keyword(s):  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Doberman Pinschers

Conception rate in hill ewes given a multi-trace element/vitamin bolus before mating

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
R.G. Hemingway ◽  
J.J. Parkins ◽  
N.S. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Foetal Mortality ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Total Life

Conception rate in ewes, mainly by reduction in early foetal mortality, have been improved by a range of individual supplementary trace elements (especially Se, but also Cu, Co, Mn and Zn) given prior to mating (Hidiroglou, 1979). Ritchie et al. (1997) has described significant improvements in liver copper concentration and blood glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx) in ewes given a single sustained-release multi-trace element and vitamin bolus which incorporates a grinder (‘Small-Trace’, Agrimin Ltd., Brigg DN20 0SP). This communication describes studies in the conception rate of ewes given this bolus at three grazing sites. Each flock was judged by the veterinary surgeon concerned to require routine trace element supplementation and which had previously been given by various combinations of injections, drenches, single element boluses and/or copper oxide needles.Each bolus contained 5.3g Cu, 50mg Se, 90mg Co, lOOmg I, 4.7g Zn and 3.3g Mn with (iu) 268 x 103 vitamin A, 54 x 103 vitamin D and 800 vitamin E. About one-half of each nutrient is released in the first 6-8 weeks; thereafter the rate slows and the total life of the bolus is c. 7 months. (Ritchie et al. 1997).

Studies on copper and cobalt therapy of cattle in central coastal Queensland

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
GI Alexander ◽  
JM Harvey ◽  
JH Lee ◽  
WC Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Copper Status ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Copper Supplementation ◽  
Copper Therapy ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Four experiments described determined the effect of copper and cobalt therapy on the growth and productivity of cattle on the marine plains of central coastal Queensland. Copper was administered by subcutaneous injections of copper glycinate, and cobalt by dosing per os with heavy cobalt pellets. The growth of weaned cattle was significantly improved by copper, particularly from June to October when limited palatable feed on the high ground forced the animals to forage on the para grass swamps. During the same period, 2-year-old heifers also showed a growth response to copper. Their conception rate increased after 19 months of copper therapy but not after 10.5 months. The growth rate of their calves bas significantly increased by copper supplementation. Liver copper concentrations were always low in untreated cattle. Copper therapy maintained these reserves at higher levels, which varied according to the season and the rate of growth of the animals. Calves born to treated cows had higher initial liver copper reserves than those from untreated cows, but in the absence of copper therapy these reserves declined to low and comparable levels in all calves at weaning. Pasture analyses suggest that the copper deficiency revealed was due to interference with copper metabolism rather than to a low copper status in the diet; this interference did not appear to be due to molybdenum. Weaned cattle appeared to respond to cobalt during 1960 but not subsequently, while the cows and calves showed no response. The vitamin B12 status in liver and serum appeared adequate in both treated and untreated cattle.

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