Response of annual medic pasture to superphosphate applications and the correlation with available soil phosphorus

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (54) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Rudd
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Effective Index ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Pasture Yield

The response of annual medic dominant pastures to residual and currently applied phosphorus was examined in twelve experiments in cereal areas of South Australia. The experimental sites had been sown in the previous year to wheat with nine rates of phosphorus ranging from 0-48 kg P/ha applied as superphosphate. The 0.5M NaHCO3 extraction provided an effective index of residual available soil phosphorus after the crop and the amount of phosphorus detected by this soil test varied from 24-43 per cent of the total phosphorus applied as superphosphate on sandy and heavier textured soils respectively. Regression analysis showed that an available soil phosphorus level of 32-38 kg P/ha 10 cm was sufficient to produce 90 per cent of maximum pasture yield on the sandy soils but 41-47 kg P/ha 10 cm was required on heavier textured soils. Percentage phosphorus in the dry matter in spring was not correlated with pasture response.

Nutrition of irrigated crops on an alkaline brown clay soil at Trangie, New South Wales. 1. Lucerne

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
DK Muldoon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus

The elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and zinc were sequentially omitted from a 'complete' fertiliser applied to plots on an alkaline soil, and lucerne (Medicago sativa) was sown immediately afterwards. The dry matter production of lucerne was measured in repeated cuts over 2 years; its mineral composition was determined periodically. In a second experiment 4 rates of phosphorus were applied to a l -year-old stand of lucerne and dry matter production recorded for 1 year. Lucerne yields in the first year were reduced from 17-1 8 t/ha to less than 14 t/ha by omitting phosphorus. Yields universally decreased in the second year as the 50 kg/ha P applied at sowing was depleted through the removal of 40 kg/ha P in forage. Following this depletion a linear yield response up to 80 kg/ha P was found (experiment 2). Omitting phosphorus fertiliser reduced the plant phosphorus concentration from 0.23 to 0.21% when sampled 15 months after sowing. The plant phosphorus concentration decreased with time in all treatments. The available soil phosphorus level decreased from an initial 12 to 6-7 �g/g after 6 months and further to 2 �g/g after 30 months. Fertiliser phosphorus raised the soil phosphorus level but this also was depleted to 2-3 �g/g in 30 months. Omitting zinc reduced the plant zinc concentration. However, neither the omission of nitrogen, potassium, sulfur nor zinc from the fertiliser had any effect on lucerne yields.

Critical Available Soil Phosphorus Level of Indian Soils in Relation to Protein Quality of Wheat

1972 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Khera ◽  
H. C. Kapoor ◽  
Y. P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Protein Quality ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Indian Soils ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus

Phosphorus and Carbon Budgets of Eucalyptus pilularis Smith Seedlings During Their Cotyledonary Phase of Growth

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Mulligan ◽  
JW Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
Carbon Distribution ◽  
Phosphate Ion ◽  
Eucalyptus Pilularis ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Partitioning Pattern ◽  
Phosphorus Export

The budgeting of phosphorus and carbon in Eucalyptus pilularis Smith seedlings raised in a phosphorus-deficient sandy podzol was examined for the first 35 days of seedling growth. During this period, the photosynthetic cotyledons were a major source of both phosphorus and carbon. At 7 days from sowing, the cotyledons were gross importers of assimilated phosphorus but switched to gross (day 15) and then net (day 20) export in response to the current rate of phosphorus acquisition and the phosphorus demand by other organs. However, the cotyledons retained the capacity to revert to phosphorus import. This strategy would permit the seedlings to take advantage of any favourable fluctuations that may occur in soil phosphorus supply. Initial cotyledonary phosphorus export was directed basipetally to the roots and soil. From 20 days after sowing the partitioning pattern altered, with exported phosphorus moving solely to the expanding leaves. Carbon exported from the cotyledons initially supplied all sinks although, once the first leaf pair was self-supportive for carbon, the roots and stem received a higher proportion of exported cotyledonary carbon. The efficiency of phosphorus redistribution was considered to minimize the consequences of a rapidly depleted pool of readily available soil phosphorus on seedling growth. The seedlings also possessed a strategy of maximizing the investment of carbohydrate into dry matter by keeping respiratory losses to a minimum. A proposed link between the distribution of the limiting phosphate ion and carbon distribution may be a contributing factor to the success of E. pilularis in the phosphorus-deficient soil.

Effect of quantity and frequency of application of superphosphate on the seasonal yield of annual pasture

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (120) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
AA McGowan ◽  
IH Cameron ◽  
DH White
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Total Response ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Model Yield ◽  
Subsequent Application ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Spring Yield

An experiment compared the effectiveness of annual and quadrennial applications of superphosphate (totalling 24,48 or 72 kg P/ha over four years) in increasing the winter and spring yield of annual pasture. Initial levels of superphosphate of 12, 84 or 156 kg P/ha had been applied in the preliminary year of the experiment. Over the next four years there was no response to subsequent application of superphosphate after an initial application of 156 kg P/ha, or early in the experiment, after an initial application of 84 kg P/ha. However, whenever the pasture did respond to subsequent topdressing, annual applications produced a greater total response in winter over four years than did a single initial application of four times the annual rate; with the low initial rate of application, this benefit was 1.5 t dry matter/ha overthe four year period. Frequency of application did not affect responses in the spring. Pasture yield was described by the model: yield =a - b exp (- c.SP) where SP is available soil phosphorus based on the model SPn = +i =i0 Pi (1 - V) n -I n being the year of experiment, Pi the rate of phosphorus applied in year i, and V the annual decay rate of applied phosphorus in the soil. The level of soil phosphorus, extractable by acetic acid at the end of the experiment, was related to the total amount of fertilizer applied during the previous five years, but was not shown to be related to the frequency of application. Estimates of the annual decay rate of the applied phosphorus ranged from 19 to 75%.

The effect of soil-water stress on the absorption of soil phosphorus by wheat plants

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Fawcett ◽  
JP Quirk
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Soil Water Stress ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Available Phosphate

A study of the effect of soil-water stress and phosphorus level on the efficiency of phosphorus absorption (micrograms phosphorus per milligram oven-dry root per day) and growth by young wheat plants grown on a lateritic podzolic soil showed that absorption was not affected by increasing soil-water stress, provided the plants were not damaged by wilting. In experiments where the water-stress treatment was imposed for only a few days it was found that the rate of phosphorus absorption was reduced after the plants had been subjected to a period of wilting. The results indicate that available soil phosphorus was derived mainly from fine pores undrained at suctions approaching 15 atm. The concentration of available phosphate in these pores may have been considerably higher than earlier estimates of the phosphate concentration in the soil solution. The absorption of phosphorus increased with increasing soil phosphorus potential for all levels of water stress.

Current requirements of copper for pasture and sheep production on sandy soils in the upper south-east of South Australia

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (117) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Hannam ◽  
GJ Judson ◽  
DJ Reuter ◽  
LD McLaren ◽  
JD McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Current Requirement ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Upper South

The current requirement of copper for optimum growth of pasture, and production and health of sheep on the sandy soils of the upper south-east regions of South Australia was investigated in three consecutive years at three sites each of which had previously been treated once with copper. In a glasshouse study copper applied to virgin soil, obtained from areas next to the sites, increased the growth of subterranean clover. Dry matter production of herbage grown in enclosures on developed soil that had received copper 14-23 years earlier did not respond to additional applications of copper fertilizer. The concentration of copper in grazed herbage, where no additional copper was applied, was usually greater than 6 mg/kg dry matter. Sheep liveweight and greasy wool production were not increased by subcutaneous injections of copper at any site and the concentrations of copper in blood plasma and liver of untreated sheep were consistently greater than those associated with copper inadequacy in sheep. Also the copper treatments did not affect the fibre diameter or copper concentrations of the fleeces, and steely wool was not observed. We concluded that a copper dressing of 2 kg/ha to these soils provides adequate copper for pasture and sheep production for at least 23 years and that repeated dressings are unwarranted.

scholarly journals Yield of Soybean in Different Systems of Pasture Replacement With and Without Soil Scarification

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Luanda Torquato Feba ◽  
Elcio Ricardo José de Sousa Vicente ◽  
Luis Gustavo Torquato Feba ◽  
Edemar Moro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Study Variable ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Soil Scarification ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
The University ◽  
Pasture Yield

The objective of this work was to adjust the physical environment in sandy soils in no-tillage, to allow for the better development and yield of soybean, under water deficient conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of The University of Western São Paulo in Presidente Bernardes, SP, 22º28'09'' S, 51º67'48'' W, 400 m asl. The experimental design constitued of two blocks each for the study variable: soil scarification, and no soil scarification. Each block was divided into 4 sub-blocks/treatments (control-natural seed bank of Urochloa brizantha-NSB; Urochloa brizantha broadcast seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding with soybean intercropped) with four replicates. As a plot, four systems of reimplantation of pasture with 4 kg ha-1 of Urochloa brizantha (Marandu cv.). Evaluated parameters: dry matter yield of pasture; yield components and soybean yield. The variables analyzed in each treatment were submitted to analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and as means were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05) using the Sisvar software. Considering the results obtained in the following research, it can be concluded that, according to the different pasture reimplatation systems, the treatment (in-line + soybean) contributed both to the increase of the dry matter of fodder, and to a yield of Soybean. Regarding the effect of soil scarification, none of the results were significantly influenced.

Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Crusciol ◽  
João Rigon ◽  
Juliano Calonego ◽  
Rogério Soratto
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.

Response of Forage Chicory Seedlings to Available Soil Phosphorus in Two Soils in a Controlled Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 1992-2007
Author(s):  
K. A. Cassida ◽  
J. G. Foster ◽  
J. M. Gonzalez ◽  
R. W. Zobel ◽  
M. A. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus
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