Occurrence of widely used organic UV filters in lake and river sediments

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Kaiser ◽  
Olaf Wappelhorst ◽  
Matthias Oetken ◽  
Jörg Oehlmann

Environmental contextPersonal care products containing organic chemicals to filter the sun’s UV rays are produced and used on a broad scale worldwide. Consequently, these organic UV filters are now widespread in the environment. We investigate the occurrence of seven common organic UV filters in river and lake sediments thereby providing valuable data for the future environmental risk assessment of these chemicals to the benthic community of freshwater ecosystems. AbstractPersonal care products (PCPs) are produced and used in huge amounts. These formulations are permanently introduced into the aquatic environment during regular use, mainly through municipal sewage treatment plants. Although there is increasing concern about PCP residues in the aquatic environment, little is known about the extent and level of contamination. The occurrence and concentrations of the seven most frequently used ultraviolet (UV) filters in river and lake sediments have been investigated over a 6-month period by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 3-benzyliden camphor (3-BC), butyl-methoxydibenzoylmethane (B-MDM), ethylhexyl dimethyl p-aminobenzoic acid (ED-PABA), ethylhexyl-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), 3′-(4′-methylbenzyliden)camphor (4-MBC) and octocrylene (OCR). B-MDM, EHMC and OCR were identified as major contaminants. They were present in every sediment sample with maximum concentrations of 62.2, 6.8 and 642 µg kg–1. 3-BC and ED-PABA could not be detected in any sediment sample. The temporal distribution profile and concentrations of UV filters differed between lakes and rivers. Whereas concentrations of all UV filters in river sediments were low and constant over time, lake sediments exhibited high UV-filter levels during summer and concentrations dropped in autumn. These findings support risk assessment activities and contribute to a better understanding of the magnitude of contamination with organic UV-filter substances in aquatic ecosystems.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Laura Chiriac ◽  
Iuliana Paun ◽  
Florinela Pirvu ◽  
Vasile Ion Iancu ◽  
Toma Galaon

This paper aimed to assess the occurrence, fate, transport and ecological risk of ten organic UV filters in the aquatic environment of Romania. In surface waters, the most abundant compounds...


RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (56) ◽  
pp. 34254-34260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Sharma ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Changning Li ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mark T. Swihart

Encapsulation of organic UV filters in ZIF-8 nanoparticles produces a safer, more stable, and more effective sunscreen.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pey-Shiuan Wu ◽  
Chia-Hui Lin ◽  
Yi-Ching Kuo ◽  
Chih-Chien Lin

Octyl methoxycinnamate and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane are organic UV filters with poor photostability and will become photoallergy or phototoxic substance when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The organic UV filters coated by microcapsules can reduce the photodegradation and avoid direct contact with the skin. Through microencapsulation, the application of UV filters in cosmetics becomes more effective and safer. This study first used the sol-gel method to create organic/inorganic composite UV filter microcapsules. We used sodium alginate as a shell material of the microcapsule to encapsulate UV filters. CaCO3 and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were used as cross-linking agents, and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) were used as emulsifiers in the interfacial polymerization method for preparation. The results indicated that the microcapsules with 3 g of CaCO3 cross-linking agents had a similar particle size and better entrapment efficiency. The average sizes were 61.0 ± 4.9 μm and 48.6 ± 4.7 μm, and entrapment efficiencies were 75.3 ± 1.9% and 74.8 ± 1.7% for octyl methoxycinnamate and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, respectively. Utilizing sodium alginate as a cross-linking agent is better than TEOS due to the higher calcium content. In vitro transdermal delivery analysis showed that the release rate became steady.


Ecotoxicology ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
M. Silvia Diaz-Cruz ◽  
Daniel Molins-Delgado

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 873-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz ◽  
Marta Llorca ◽  
Damià Barceló ◽  
Damià Barceló

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document