Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of the subgenus Gnathopaederus Chapin and related groups of Paederus s.l. (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae:Paederinae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Li ◽  
Hong-Zhang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Character State ◽  
Robust Solution ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time

The paederine genus Paederus s.l. (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae) is a hyperdiverse group of some 500 species worldwide. Although the subtribe Paederina, in which the genus resides, is monophyletic the status of numerous genera and subgenera is questionable and the current classification is likely to be flawed. As part of detailed studies on the paederine fauna of China, we undertook a preliminary morphologically-based phylogenetic analysis to determine the relationships of Paederus (Gnathopaederus) and related subgenera, as a basis for a revision of the subgenus, and as an attempt to provide a better framework for future taxonomic studies on the group as a whole. The analysis was based on 66 adult morphological characters for 30 ingroup taxa, including all six species of P. (Gnathopaederus). The results show that P. (Gnathopaederus) and P. (Paederus), and the genera Megalopaederus, Pachypaederus and Paederidus are monophyletic, and that P. (Eopaederus) and P. (Harpopaederus) are paraphylyetic. However, our analysis did not offer a robust solution to relationships among other clades within Paederus s.l. although it seems clear that Paederus s.l. is not monophyletic with respect to the above genera. The monophyly of P. (Gnathopaederus) is supported by the mandibular basal medial tooth having two cuspids separated dorsoventrally. Based largely on this character state, the definition of the subgenus is refined; six species are recognized, including two new species described from China as follows: P. (G.) daozhenensis, sp. nov. from Guizhou, and P. (G.) jilongensis, sp. nov. from Xizang; three species, P. bursavacua Willers, P. yunnanensis Willers and P. solodovnikovi Willers, are newly assigned to the subgenus according to a revised subgeneric definition. New morphological characters including important secondary sexual characters and sexual dimorphism are described and male genitalia are illustrated for the first time for the type species of the subgenus, P. (G.) szechuanus (Chapin). A key to the six species is presented and the distribution of each species is documented and discussed.

Taxonomic studies on the Bembidion (‘Cillenus’) complex (Coleoptera: Carabidae): A revision of the subgeneric taxonomy and description of a new species from Japan

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1575 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
KÔJI SASAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Reciprocal Monophyly ◽  
Functional Convergence ◽  
Large Head ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The supraspecific taxonomy of the coastal carabid Bembidion (‘Cillenus’) complex is controversial because a single ‘synapomorphy,’ a large head with long mandibles, may be the result of functional convergence. This study examined the phylogeny of B. (‘Cillenus’) complex based on morphological characters to revise the complicated taxonomy of this group. All type species of the genera concerned were included, and membranous parts of the genitalia (male endophallus and female vagina and spermatheca) were examined for the first time. Because all species are treated under the genus Bembidion Latreille (s. l.), Bembidion umi nom. nov. is proposed as a new name for Sakagutia marina Uéno. In the resultant tree, reciprocal monophyly of most traditional taxa was not supported, whereas a monophyletic group of the following seven species was relatively well supported: B. seticorne Lindroth, B. yokohamae (Bates), B. sumaoi Morita, B. aestuarii (Uéno & Habu), B. tokunoshimanum (Nakane), B. tsutsuii (Uéno), and B. yakushimanum sp. nov. Based on these results, the subgenus Desarmatocillenus Netolitzky (type species: B. yokohamae) was redefined, and two subgenera were synonymised with it: Novicillenus Uéno & Habu (type species: B. aestuarii) syn. nov., and Corallicillenus Uéno (type species: B. tsutsuii) syn. nov.. Bembidion (Desarmatocillenus) yakushimanum sp. nov. is described from Japan.

A taxonomic revision of the orb-weaving spider genus Acusilas Simon, 1895 (Araneae, Araneidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Scharff ◽  
Jesper Birkedal Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Status ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unassigned Species ◽  
Unknown Male

AbstractThe spider genus Acusilas Simon, 1895 (Araneidae) is revised. It includes Acusilas africanus Simon, 1895; Acusilas callidus sp. n.; Acusilas coccineus Simon, 1895; Acusilas dahoneus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995; Acusilas lepidus (Thorell, 1898); Acusilas malaccensis Murphy & Murphy, 1983; Acusilas spiralis sp. n.; Acusilas vei sp. n.; Acusilas vilei sp. n., and one unassigned species of Acusilas from Sulawesi for which only females are available. The status of Acusilas lepidus (Thorell, 1898) is uncertain and the species is here considered incertae sedis. The unknown male of Acusilas africanus Simon, 1895 is described and illustrated for the first time and Acusilas gentingensis (Murphy & Murphy) is a synonym of Acusilas coccineus Simon, 1895. A phylogenetic analysis of the matrix of Scharff & Coddington (1997) with the addition of Acusilas coccineus, suggests sistergroup relationship between Acusilas and cyrthophorines (Cyrthophora and Mecynogea). This knowledge is used to select 6 outgroup taxa for a phylogenetic analysis based on 39 morphological characters scored for the 9 known species of Acusilas. The phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Acusilas, but ingroup relationships are only weakly supported.

A cladistic revision of Tortopus Needham & Murphy with description of the new genus Tortopsis (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2481 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS MOLINERI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fore Wing ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
First Time

The 12 species previously placed in Tortopus together with 3 species newly described here, are revised and included in a phylogenetic analysis. Based on synapomorphic characters on the nymphs and adults of both sexes, Tortopus is restricted to T. igaranus Needham & Murphy, T. circumfluus Ulmer, T. harrisi Traver, T. zottai (Navás), T. bellus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, and T. arenales sp. nov., and the genus is defined by: female parastyli receptors with long furrows anterior to sockets; penes entirely flattened; male ninth abdominal sternum almost separated in two portions by a median notch; mesosternum with furcasternal protuberances contiguous only on basal corner; and nymphs with two subapical tubercles on mandibular tusks. Tortopsis is newly described for T. bruchianus (Navás), T. limoncocha sp. nov., T. obscuripennis (Domínguez), T. parishi (Banks), T. primus (McDunnough), T. puella (Pictet), T. sarae (Domínguez), T. spatula sp. nov., and T. unguiculatus (Ulmer). Tortopsis is characterized by: R sector of female fore wing without additional veins between R 2 and IR; female parastyli receptors C or V-shaped, with sockets opening towards median line; male gonopore associated with a claw-like structure; penes separated from the base; parastyli more than 5 times length of pedestals; parastyli curved in lateral view; nymphs with a single subapical tubercle on mandibular tusks. The study of available type material permitted inclusion of comparative diagnoses, with figures and redescriptions as needed. The male imago of the type species of Tortopus (T. igaranus Needham & Murphy) is described for the first time, as are the female adults of Tortopus bellus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty and T. harrisi Traver. Three new Neotropical species based on male and female adults are described: Tortopus arenales and Tortopsis limoncocha from Ecuador, and Tortopsis spatula from Colombia. Keys to separate the adults and nymphs of the genera of Polymitarcyidae, and for male and female adults of all the species of Tortopus and Tortopsis are presented, as well as line drawings, pictures and SEM photographs of important structures.

Reevaluation of the systematic position of some southern Brazilian Discocyrtus (Gonyleptidae:Roeweriinae), with the reinstatement of Bunopachylus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael N. Carvalho ◽  
Adriano B. Kury ◽  
Marcos R. Hara
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Taxonomic Changes

During a study of Discocyrtus Holmberg, 1878 and related genera, several species of alleged Pachylinae, mostly Discocyrtus, from southern Brazil were suspected of belonging in Roeweriinae. Herein, a maximum parsimony phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters was performed to test this hypothesis. Accordingly, the following taxonomic changes are herein proposed: the genus Bunopachylus Roewer, 1943 (currently in Pachylinae) is herein revalidated from synonymy with Discocyrtus, transferred to the Roeweriinae and now includes three species: B. armatissimus comb. nov. (for Discocyrtus armatissimus Roewer, 1913), B. orientalis comb. nov. (for Pachyloides orientalis Roewer, 1913) and B. occultus sp. nov. (which had been misidentified in the literature). A total of five new synonymies are proposed here: Discocyrtus milloti Roewer, 1943 = Discocyrtus coronatus Mello-Leitão, 1935 = Paradiscocyrtus trochanteralis Roewer, 1929 = Discocyrtus calcarifer Roewer, 1917 = Pachyloides orientalis Roewer, 1913, and Bunopachylus magnicalcar Roewer, 1943 (the type-species of Bunopachylus) = Discocyrtus armatissimus Roewer, 1913.

Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2318 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERFILIPPO CERRETTI ◽  
THOMAS PAPE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A cladistic analysis of the genus Melanophora Meigen, 1803 (type-species: Musca grossificationis Linnaeus, 1758 [= Musca roralis Linnaeus, 1758]) is presented and the generic delimitation is critically redefined. The nominal genus-group taxon Bequaertiana Curran, 1929 (type-species: Bequaertiana argyriventris Curran, 1929) is synonymised with Melanophora Meigen syn. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Melanophora argyriventris (Curran, 1929) comb. nov. and Melanophora basilewskyi (Peris, 1957) comb. nov. Melanophora chia sp. nov. from SW Sardinia is described, illustrated and compared with the other known species of the genus. The male of Melanophora asetosa Kugler, 1978 is described for the first time. Melanophora basilewskyi (Peris, 1957) is recorded from Kenya for the first time.

Neotype designation and generic re-definition of the monotypic genus Dialeurotrachelus Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and first record of its occurrence in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4695 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-576
Author(s):  
ANIL KUMAR DUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Andaman And Nicobar Islands ◽  
Andaman Island ◽  
Camera Lucida ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Generic Description ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Takahashi (1942) described Dialeurotrachelus cambodiensis, the type species of the monotypic whitefly genus, Dialeurotrachelus Takahashi from three syntype specimens collected on an unidentified tree in Cambodia, which were subsequently lost or destroyed. It was rediscovered after eight decades in the Indian territories of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A neotype is designated for D. cambodiensis Takahashi, from specimens collected on Diospyros kurzii Hiern (Ebenaceae) from Andaman Island, India. It is recorded for the first time from the Indian territories, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Pupal morphology is assessed for redefining the generic description with differential diagnoses from related genera, and anomalies involved with structure of the vasiform orifice and associated structures are discussed. Illustrations are provided of the puparia in life, camera lucida drawings, slide mounts, and scanning electron photomicrographs. 

Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4685 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRENE LOBATO-VILA ◽  
JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time

A taxonomic revision of the tribe Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is conducted for the first time. Prior to this study, the total number of valid species of Ceroptres, the only genus within Ceroptresini to date, was 23. As a result of this revision, 15 Ceroptres species are retained as valid and one species, Amblynotus ensiger Walsh, 1864, is desynonymized from Ceroptres petiolicola (Osten-Sacken, 1861), being considered here as a valid Ceroptres species: C. ensiger (Walsh, 1864) status verified and comb. nov. An additional five new species are described from Mexico: Ceroptres junquerasi Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. lenis Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. mexicanus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. nigricrus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov.; C. quadratifacies Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar sp. nov., increasing the total number of valid Ceroptres species to 21. Ceroptres masudai Abe, 1997 is synonymized with C. kovalevi Belizin, 1973. Ceroptres niger Fullaway, 1911 is transferred to Andricus (Andricus confusus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar comb. nov. and nom. nov.). Five species (Amblynotus inermis Walsh, 1864; Cynips quercusarbos Fitch, 1859; Cynips querficus Fitch, 1859; Cynips quercuspisum Fitch, 1859; and Cynips quercustuber Fitch, 1859) are not considered as valid Ceroptres. The status of Ceroptres quereicola (Shinji, 1938), previously classified as an unplaced species, is commented on. In addition, a Nearctic species from the USA, Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896, is here proposed as the type species of a new genus within Ceroptresini: Buffingtonella Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar gen. nov. Redescriptions, biological and distribution data, illustrations and keys to genera and species within Ceroptresini are provided. The diagnostic morphological traits of Ceroptresini, Ceroptres and the new genus are discussed. 

Revision of Hypoxys Amyot & Serville, 1843 stat. rest. (Heteroptera Pentatomidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4742 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-441
Author(s):  
BENEDITO MENDES NUNES ◽  
LOURIVAL DIAS CAMPOS ◽  
MARIA THAYANE DA SILVA MENDONCA ◽  
EDUARDO VICTOR DE PAIVA CUNHA ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO MARIN FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Costal Margin ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽  
First Time

Hypoxys is one of four subgenera of Edessa (Fabricius, 1787) together with Aceratodes (De Geer, 1773), Dorypleura (Lepeletier & Serville, 1825) and Edessa (Fabricius, 1787). This taxon has a very confusing taxonomy due to incorrect use of the names available, imprecise descriptions, and large number of very similar species. To illustrate the confusion, Hypoxys potentially includes a large number of species of Edessa, but actually contains only the type species, according to the most recent catalogue. The name E. quadridens Fabricius, 1803, type species of Hypoxys, was used for more than a century as a label to identify a large group of similar species. In this work we continue revising Edessa elevating Hypoxys to genus based on the following morphological characters: proximal part of costal margin black; evaporatorium with a deep notch on lateral margin; anterior arms of metasternal process acuminate; pygophore longer than wide and subrectangular or barrel-shaped in dorsal view; dorsal rim of pygophore well-projected, almost reaching posterolateral angles and finishing in a small lobe; and posterolateral angles of pygophore not developed. Hypoxys is being divided in four species groups to include 17 species transferred from Edessa. H. quadridens group comprises: Hypoxys quadridens (Fabricius, 1803) (type species), H. boerneri (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov., H. claricolor (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov., H. dolosus (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov., H. eburatulus (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov., H. necopinatus (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov., H. offuscatus (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov. and H. trabeculus (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov. H. triangularis group comprises: H. triangularis (Dallas, 1851) comb. nov. (type species), H. capito (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov. and H. subrastratus (Bergroth, 1891) comb. nov. H. oxyacanthus group comprises: H. oxyacanthus (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov. (type species), H. brachyacanthus (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov., H. infulatus (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov., H. leptacanthus (Breddin, 1904) comb. nov. and H. tragelaphus (Breddin, 1903) comb. nov. H. balteatus group comprises only H. balteatus (Walker, 1868) comb. nov. These groups of species will be useful to organize the new species of Hypoxys that will be described in upcoming papers. Descriptions, measurements, photos of genitalia of both sexes; photos in dorsal and ventral views of the species; and distribution maps are provided. Males of H. capito, H. claricolor, H. eburatulus, H. infulatus, and H. subrastratus are described for the first time. Female of H. necopinatus is described for the first time. Edessa jugalis is considered a junior synonym of H. quadridens; E. rimata a junior synonym of H. offuscatus; E. scabriventris and E. leprosula junior synonyms of H. triangularis; E. pachyacantha a junior synonym of H. tragelaphus; E. orba a junior synonym of E. oxyacanthus. A key to the species of Hypoxys is also provided. 

Chromosome banding analysis of two shrews of the cinereus group: Sorex haydeni and Sorex cinereus (Insectivora, Soricidae)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly T. Volobouev ◽  
Constantinus G. van Zyll de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Banding Analysis ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
The Status ◽  
First Time ◽  
Independent Species

The chromosomes of Sorex haydeni are described for the first time and their banding pattern (R- and C-bands) compared with that of Sorex cinereus. The karyotype of S. haydeni differs from that of S. cinereus in its diploid (64 vs. 66) and fundamental numbers (66 vs. 70). These differences are the result of one tandem translocation and one pericentric inversion. The size and form of the Y chromosomes are also quite different in these taxa. The karyotypic differences strongly support the status of independent species, proposed for these taxa earlier on the basis of gross morphological characters.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Libellula Linnaeus (Odonata: Insecta)

Zootaxa ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK LOUIS CARLE ◽  
KARL M. KJER
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Representative Species

Phylogenetic analysis was performed on a set of 242 morphological characters. The taxon sample included 31 Libellula, and representative species from selected libeluline tribes, from all libellulid subfamilies, from all libelluloid families, from all anisopteran superfamilies, and Epiophlebia. Corduliinae was shown to be paraphyletic even among genera characterized by a well developed anal loop bisector. Sympetrini was found to be polyphyletic with Crocothemis the sister group to Libellulini. The traditional placement of Trameini, far from Libellulini is in doubt, because it is here placed as the sister group to Crocothemis + Libellulini. Kennedy’s phylogeny of Libellula was largely corroborated, with the following exceptions: the subgenera Libellula, Eolibellula, and Syntetrum form a monophyletic group which is the sister group to a clade including Belonia, Holotania, Neotetrum, and Eotainia subgenus nov. [type species Mesothemis composita Hagen]; and Eurothemis is determined to be the sister group of Ladona instead of Neotetrum. In addition we confirm Belonia to be monophyletic, and find Platetrum + Plathemis to form a monophyletic group, sister to Ladona + Eurothemis; these four subgenera together form the sister group to Libellula sensu stricto (s.s.).

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