Molecular phylogeny of the superfamily Palaemonoidea (Crustacea : Decapoda : Caridea) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA reveals discrepancies with the current classification

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Kou ◽  
Xinzheng Li ◽  
Tin-Yam Chan ◽  
Ka Hou Chu ◽  
Zhibin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Gene 16S Rrna ◽  
Combined Data

Palaemonoidea is one of the most speciose superfamilies of Caridea. Since it was established, several classification schemes of Palaemonoidea have been proposed and modified. However, the current classification of Palaemonoidea is still in dispute. In this study, one mitochondrial gene (16S rRNA) and three nuclear genes (histone 3, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) were used to explore the phylogenetic relationships among the subgroups of the superfamily Palaemonoidea, including seven families with 25 affiliated genera. Based on the combined data with both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, the results support the monophyly of Anchistioididae and Hymenoceridae. In contrast, Gnathophyllidae is suggested to be paraphyletic and Palaemonidae is shown to be a polyphyletic group. Our analyses reveal that the subfamily Palaemoninae could be approximately divided into three clades, and the branchiostegal groove is the probable morphological evidence of the environmental transition from sea to fresh water. Besides, for some of the Palaemonoidea families, their taxonomic status is obscure. A revision of Palaemonoidea and a re-evaluation of its constituent taxa appear to be necessary even though the systematic status of the subfamily Pontoniinae is still undetermined.

scholarly journals Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Morek ◽  
Piotr Gąsiorek ◽  
Daniel Stec ◽  
Brian Blagden ◽  
Łukasz Michalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Configuration Change ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

In this paper we describe a new apochelan species, Milnesium variefidumsp. nov. from Scotland and provide novel morphological and molecular data for Milnesium berladnicorumCiobanu et al., 2014. The new species differs from the most similar M. berladnicorumby the presence of developmental dimorphism in claw configuration, absent or weakly developed cuticular bars under claws I-III, a different arrangement of cuticular pseudoplates, and by differences in the sequences of three nuclear DNA fragments: 18S rRNA (p-distance: 0.6%), 28S rRNA (2.0%), ITS-2 (9.3%), and on mitochondrial gene COI (12.4%). Although ontogenetic claw configuration change was suspected to occur in some Milnesiumspecies, we are the first to document it through the combined use of traditional, molecular and experimental methodologies. We discuss the implications of the observed phenomenon for the taxonomy of the genus and propose a new diagnostic key to all Milnesiumspecies described up to the end of 2015. We also review other traits used for species differentiation in the genus and offer recommendations to improve the quality of future descriptions as well as suggest a need for integrative redescriptions of the known species. Finally, we propose to suppress M. dujiangensisand M. tardigradum trispinosumand suggest that M. alpigenumand M. quadrifidumare valid species that require thorough redescriptions.

scholarly journals Hippocampus whitei Bleeker, 1855, a senior synonym of the southern Queensland seahorse H. procerus Kuiter, 2001: molecular and morphological evidence (Teleostei, Syngnathidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 109-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Short ◽  
David Harasti ◽  
Healy Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
New South ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia

The taxonomic status of the seahorse Hippocampusprocerus Kuiter, 2001, type locality Hervey Bay, QLD, Australia, was re-examined based on its strong morphological similarity and geographical proximity to its congener H.whitei Bleeker, 1855, a species recorded in ten estuaries of New South Wales, Australia. Kuiter (2001) distinguished H.procerus from H.whitei by a taller coronet, marginally lower meristics, and spinier physiognomy. Meristic, morphometric, and key diagnostic morphological character comparisons from vouchered specimens of the two purported species collected from Sydney Harbour, Nelson Bay, Port Stephens, NSW and Hervey Bay, Bundaberg, and Moreton Bay, QLD did not show diagnostic differences to support species-level classification of H.procerus. Furthermore, partial mitochondrial COI sequence data from specimens sampled from known geographical distributions in NSW and Southport, QLD failed to discriminate between populations as a result of shared haplotypes, and revealed an average intraspecific divergence of 0.002%. Hippocampusprocerus is hereby placed in the synonymy of H.whitei; a redescription is provided, with a revised record of its range across eastern Australia.

scholarly journals New insights into the phylogeny and relationships within the worldwide genus Riccardia (Aneuraceae, Marchantiophytina)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Rabeau ◽  
S. Robbert Gradstein ◽  
Jean-Yves Dubuisson ◽  
Martin Nebel ◽  
Dietmar Quandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Limited Sampling ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Large Genus

With 280 accepted species, the genus Riccardia S.F.Gray (Aneuraceae) is one of the most speciose genera of simple thalloid liverworts. The current classification of this genus is based on morphological and limited-sampling molecular studies. Very few molecular data are available and a comprehensive view of evolutionary relationships within the genus is still lacking. A phylogeny focusing on relationships within the large genus Riccardia has not been conducted. Here we propose the first worldwide molecular phylogeny of the genus Riccardia, based on Bayesian inference and parsimony ratchet analyses of sequences from three plastid regions (psbA-trnH, rps4, trnL-F). The results support the monophyly of Riccardia and a new monospecific genus, Afroriccardia Reeb & Gradst. gen. nov., is described based on molecular and morphological evidence. The results indicate that several currently recognized infrageneric divisions and a few species are not monophyletic, suggesting that further analyses are needed to arrive at a proper understanding of the phylogeny of the genus. Although evidence for an Andean clade was found, most of the species appear scattered in different clades without clear geographical segregation. Broader sampling and further analyses are necessary in order to improve our understanding of the phylogeny of this poorly known liverwort genus.

Thaleropia, a New Genus for Metrosideros queenslandica (Myrtaceae) and its Allies

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
PG Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Anatomical Characters

The taxonomic status of Metrosideros queenslandica, and related species from New Guinea, is reassessed on the basis of fundamental morphological and anatomical characters and these species are found to be more closely allied to Tristanin sens. str. than to Metrosideros sens. lat. The current classification of this group of species as Metrosideros subg. Mearnsia sect. Adnatae J. W. Dawson is rejected and a new genus, Thaleropia, is described and the new combinations T. queeirslandica, T. iteophylla and T. hypargyrea made.

scholarly journals Insights into phylogenetic relationships and genome evolution of subfamily Commelinoideae (Commelinaceae Mirb.) inferred from complete chloroplast genomes

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonhyung Jung ◽  
Changkyun Kim ◽  
Joo-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Chloroplast Protein ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Current Classification

Abstract Background Commelinaceae (Commelinales) comprise 41 genera and are widely distributed in both the Old and New Worlds, except in Europe. The relationships among genera in this family have been suggested in several morphological and molecular studies. However, it is difficult to explain their relationships due to high morphological variations and low support values. Currently, many researchers have been using complete chloroplast genome data for inferring the evolution of land plants. In this study, we completed 15 new plastid genome sequences of subfamily Commelinoideae using the Mi-seq platform. We utilized genome data to reveal the structural variations and reconstruct the problematic positions of genera for the first time. Results All examined species of Commelinoideae have three pseudogenes (accD, rpoA, and ycf15), and the former two might be a synapomorphy within Commelinales. Only four species in tribe Commelineae presented IR expansion, which affected duplication of the rpl22 gene. We identified inversions that range from approximately 3 to 15 kb in four taxa (Amischotolype, Belosynapsis, Murdannia, and Streptolirion). The phylogenetic analysis using 77 chloroplast protein-coding genes with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference suggests that Palisota is most closely related to tribe Commelineae, supported by high support values. This result differs significantly from the current classification of Commelinaceae. Also, we resolved the unclear position of Streptoliriinae and the monophyly of Dichorisandrinae. Among the ten CDS (ndhH, rpoC2, ndhA, rps3, ndhG, ndhD, ccsA, ndhF, matK, and ycf1), which have high nucleotide diversity values (Pi > 0.045) and over 500 bp length, four CDS (ndhH, rpoC2, matK, and ycf1) show that they are congruent with the topology derived from 77 chloroplast protein-coding genes. Conclusions In this study, we provide detailed information on the 15 complete plastid genomes of Commelinoideae taxa. We identified characteristic pseudogenes and nucleotide diversity, which can be used to infer the family evolutionary history. Also, further research is needed to revise the position of Palisota in the current classification of Commelinaceae.

scholarly journals Morphological and Ultrastructural Characterization of Hemocytes in an Insect Model, the Hematophagous Dipetalogaster maxima (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Moyetta ◽  
Fabián O. Ramos ◽  
Jimena Leyria ◽  
Lilián E. Canavoso ◽  
Leonardo L. Fruttero
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Controversial Aspect

Hemocytes, the cells present in the hemolymph of insects and other invertebrates, perform several physiological functions, including innate immunity. The current classification of hemocyte types is based mostly on morphological features; however, divergences have emerged among specialists in triatomines, the insect vectors of Chagas’ disease (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Here, we have combined technical approaches in order to characterize the hemocytes from fifth instar nymphs of the triatomine Dipetalogaster maxima. Moreover, in this work we describe, for the first time, the ultrastructural features of D. maxima hemocytes. Using phase contrast microscopy of fresh preparations, five hemocyte populations were identified and further characterized by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. The plasmatocytes and the granulocytes were the most abundant cell types, although prohemocytes, adipohemocytes and oenocytes were also found. This work sheds light on a controversial aspect of triatomine cell biology and physiology setting the basis for future in-depth studies directed to address hemocyte classification using non-microscopy-based markers.

Introduction of a new AAC symbol classification system: the multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliada Pampoulou ◽  
Donald R. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Symbol Classification

PurposeWhen the augmentative and alternative communication (ACC) model (Lloyd et al., 1990) was proposed, these components of symbols were not considered, nor were they contemplated when superordinate (Lloyd and Fuller, 1986) and subordinate levels (Fuller et al., 1992) of AAC symbol taxonomy were developed. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the ACC model and propose a new symbol classification system called multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)Design/methodology/approachThe field of AAC is evolving at a rapid rate in terms of its clinical, social, research and theoretical underpinnings. Advances in assessment and intervention methods, technology and social issues are all responsible to some degree for the significant changes that have occurred in the field of AAC over the last 30 years. For example, the number of aided symbol collections has increased almost exponentially over the past couple of decades. The proliferation of such a large variety of symbol collections represents a wide range of design attributes, physical attributes and linguistic characteristics for aided symbols and design attributes and linguistic characteristics for unaided symbols.FindingsTherefore, it may be time to revisit the AAC model and more specifically, one of its transmission processes referred to as the means to represent.Originality/valueThe focus of this theoretical paper then, is on the current classification of symbols, issues with respect to the current classification of symbols in terms of ambiguity of terminology and the evolution of symbols, and a proposal for a new means of classifying the means to represent.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon10.1108/JET-04-2021-0024

Disentangling the Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) species complex (Potamoidea: Potamonautidae), with the description of two new freshwater crabs from Nigeria and Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4948 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
NEIL CUMBERLIDGE ◽  
PIERRE A. MVOGO NDONGO ◽  
PAUL F. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Freshwater Crabs ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

The taxonomic status of the widely distributed West and Central African freshwater crab Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) sensu lato is revised in the light of improved morphological evidence which indicates that this taxon is a complex comprising at least 4 species: Sudanonautes granulatus (Balss, 1929) sensu stricto from Togo, S. koudougou n. sp. from Côte d’Ivoire, S. umaji n. sp. from Nigeria, and S. tiko from Cameroon, Nigeria, and Bioko. Diagnoses, illustrations and distribution maps are provided for these species and they are compared with congeners from West and Central Africa. 

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