Molecular systematics of Thouarella (Octocorallia:Primnoidae) with the description of three new species from the Southern Ocean based on combined molecular and morphological evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Núñez-Flores ◽  
Daniel Gomez-Uchida ◽  
Pablo J. López-González
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
The Antarctic

Thouarella Gray, 1870, is one of the most speciose genera among gorgonians of the family Primnoidae (Cnidaria:Octocorallia:Anthozoa), being remarkably diverse in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seafloor. However, their diversity in the Southern Ocean is likely underestimated. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers were integrated with species delimitation approaches as well as morphological colonial and polyps features and skeletal SEM examinations to describe and illustrate three new species within Thouarella, from the Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean: T. amundseni sp. nov., T. dolichoespinosa sp. nov. and T. pseudoislai sp. nov. Our species delimitation results suggest, for the first time, the potential presence of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic cryptic species of primnoids, based on the likely presence of sibling species within T. undulata and T. crenelata. With the three new species here described, the global diversity of Thouarella has increased to 41 species, 15 of which are endemic to the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters. Consequently, our results provide new steps for uncovering the shelf benthonic macrofauna’s hidden diversity in the Southern Ocean. Finally, we recommend using an integrative taxonomic framework in this group of organisms and species delimitation approaches because the distinctions between some Thouarella species based only on a superficial examination of their macro- and micromorphological features is, in many cases, limited.

scholarly journals New species and occurrences of <i>Bradleya</i> Benson, 1972, <i>Harleya</i> Jellinek & Swanson, 2003 and <i>Poseidonamicus</i> Benson, 1972 (Ostracoda: Cytheroidea) from the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone N. Brandão ◽  
Olinga Päplow
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Bathymetric Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Abyssal Zone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time

Abstract. The Southern Ocean shelf ostracod fauna is quite well known, while the bathyal and abyssal ones remain poorly understood. Herein, Recent Thaerocytheridae ostracods collected from deep regions in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean are described and figured. The discovery of Bradleya mesembrina Mazzini, 2005 extends its geographical and bathymetric distribution to the Antarctic zone of the Southern Ocean and to shallower (231 m) and to deeper regions (4420 m). Harleya ansoni (Whatley, Moguilevsky, Ramos &amp; Coxill, 1998) is reported for the first time from the Weddell Sea. We also describe three new species: Poseidonamicus hunti Brandão &amp; Päplow sp. nov., Poseidonamicus tainae Brandão sp. nov. and Poseidonamicus yasuharai Brandão &amp; Päplow sp. nov. For the first time we provide SEM photos of the lectotype of Poseidonamicus viminea (Brady, 1880) nomen dubium. We observe that P. yasuharai displays features intermediate to Harleya and Poseidonamicus, indicating that these two genera may require new diagnoses. The bathymetric distribution of Poseidonamicus is extended to the abyssal zone and to shallower environments, and its geographical distribution is extended southwards. Finally, the inter-specific variability in the number and type of setae and claws found on several segments of Poseidonamicus limbs are intermediate between the highly variable Bairdioidea and the homogeneous Macrocyprididae.

Description of three new species of the deep-sea munnopsid genus Belonectes (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota) from the Weddell Sea, Southern Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2277 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
MARINA V. MALYUTINA ◽  
ANGELIKA BRANDT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
Medial Lobe ◽  
Southeastern Pacific ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

Three new species of the genus Belonectes Wilson & Hessler, 1981, from the munnopsid subfamily Eurycopinae Hansen are described from the deep Weddell Sea, Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Belonectes grasslei sp. nov., B. stoddarti sp. nov., and B. daytoni sp. nov. are the first species of the genus described from the region: previously only two species of Belonectes were known from the northeastern Atlantic and the Peru-Chile Trench, the southeastern Pacific. The modified diagnosis of the genus Belonectes and a key to the species of the genus are presented. The pattern of the total ventral sculpture of the natasome, a medial lobe of article 4 of the maxillipedal palp which is larger than article 5 and the navicular male pleopod 1 with its deep keel are suggested to be additional important generic characters of Belonectes. The most useful characters to distinguish species of Belonectes are the size of article 1 of the antennula, the shape and size of the articles 3–5 of the maxillipedal palp, the shape of the distal margin of the male pleopod 1, the shape of distolateral part of the protopod of the male pleopod 2, the size and shape of the preanal ridge, and the size of the exopod of the uropod.

scholarly journals Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Amira Chaabane ◽  
Olivier Verneau ◽  
Louis Du Preez
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Freshwater Turtles ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Japan And China

The polystomes (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) radiated across semi-aquatic tetrapods including all three amphibian orders, freshwater turtles and the hippopotamus. Prior to this study, phylogenetic analyses revealed that the most diverse and widespread genus, Polystoma, was not monophyletic; a lineage comprising four undescribed species from the bladder of Zhangixalus spp. (Rhacophoridae) in Asia occupied a deep phylogenetic position. Regarding vicariance biogeography and molecular dating, the origin of this lineage is correlated with the breakup of Gondwanaland in the Mesozoic period. Based on a Bayesian analysis of four concatenated genes (18S, 28S, COI and 12S) and morphological evidence, one new genus, Indopolystoma n. gen., and three new species, sampled in Japan and China, are described here: Indopolystoma viridi n. sp. from Z. viridis of Japan, Indopolystoma elongatum n. sp. from Z. arboreus of Japan, and Indopolystoma parvum n. sp. from Z. omeimontis of China. Indopolystoma is unique amongst polystome genera infecting anurans by possessing a small haptor relative to the body size, posteriormost marginal hooklet C1 much bigger than hooklets C2–C8 with conspicuous broad blade and guard and a pair of hamuli lacking a deep notch. Eight species of Asian Polystoma, all from rhacophorids, are transferred as Indopolystoma carvirostris (Fan, Li & He, 2008) n. comb., I. hakgalense (Crusz & Ching, 1975) n. comb., I. indicum (Diengdoh & Tandon, 1991) n. comb., I. leucomystax (Zhang & Long, 1987) n. comb., I. mutus (Meng, Song & Ding, 2010) n. comb., I. pingbianensis (Fan, Wang & Li, 2004) n. comb., I. rhacophori (Yamaguti, 1936) n. comb., and I. zuoi (Shen, Wang & Fan, 2013) n. comb.

scholarly journals Polymastiidae (Demospongiae: Hadromerida) with ornamented exotyles: a review of morphological affinities and description of a new genus and three new species

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1351-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Plotkin ◽  
Christine Morrow ◽  
Elena Gerasimova ◽  
Hans Tore Rapp
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
The Antarctic

All polymastiid sponges displaying ornamented exotyles are reviewed and their morphological affinities are reconsidered. The study embraces all known species ofProteleia,Sphaerotylus,TrachyteleiaandTylexocladusas well as several species ofPolymastia. A new genus,Koltunia, is established for the Antarctic speciesProteleia burtonibased on the unique shape of distal ornamentations of its giant exotyles and on the absence of a spicule palisade in its cortex, a rare feature among the polymastiids. Three new species ofSphaerotylusare described –S. renoufifrom the British Isles,S. strobilisfrom South Africa andS. tjalfeifrom West Greenland. Transfer of one New Zealand species fromPolymastiatoProteleiaand of one Chilean species fromPolymastiatoSphaerotylusis proposed. The present study provides a background for future integrative phylogenetic analyses based on comprehensive molecular and morphological datasets which should reveal the natural relationships between the polymastiid taxa.

Solving the Liolaemus bibronii puzzle, an integrative taxonomy approach: redescription of L. bibronii and description of three new species (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-348
Author(s):  
A S Quinteros ◽  
M R Ruiz-Monachesi ◽  
C S Abdala
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Three New Species

Abstract We redescribe Liolaemus bibronii and describe three new species of Liolaemus, a genus of lizards distributed across South America. These species belong to the L. alticolor–bibronii group, which are included in the subgenus Liolaemus s.s. Liolaemus bibronii was previously proposed as a species complex, but many populations initially assigned to this complex were described as valid species. The three new species described here were populations denominated under L. bibronii. In order to validate the new species, we apply an integrative approach, including molecular and morphological evidence. Also, we perform phylogenetic analyses applying parsimony and Bayesian inference. The three new species described here show a set of character states that allow them to be distinguished from L. bibronii, from each other and from all other species of Liolaemus. Our phylogenies show that the newly described species are more related to other species than to L. bibronii. With this study, we are closer to solving the taxonomic puzzle that L. bibronii represents.

scholarly journals Orange is the new white: taxonomic revision of Antarctic Tritonia species (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eleonora Rossi ◽  
Conxita Avila ◽  
Juan Moles
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
The Antarctic

ABSTRACTAmong nudibranch molluscs, the family Tritoniidae gathers taxa with unclear phylogenetic position, such as some species of the genus Tritonia Cuvier, 1798. Currently, 35 valid species belong to this genus and only three of them are found in the Southern Ocean, namely T. challengeriana Bergh, 1884, T. dantarti Ballesteros & Avila, 2006, and T. vorax (Odhner, 1926). In this study, we shed light on the long-term discussed systematics and taxonomy of Antarctic Tritonia species using morpho-anatomical and molecular techniques. Samples from the Weddell Sea and Bouvet Island were dissected and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. The three molecular markers COI, 16S, and H3 were sequenced and analysed through maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation tests clearly distinguished two species, T. challengeriana and T. dantarti, being widely-spread in the Southern Ocean, and endemic to Bouvet Island, respectively. Coloration seemed to be an unreliable character to differentiate among species since molecular data revealed both species can either have orange or white colour-morphotypes. This variability could be explained by pigment sequestration from the soft coral species they feed on. Morphological analyses reveal differences between Antarctic and Magellanic specimens of T. challengeriana, thus, we suggest the resurrection of T. antarctica Martens & Pfeffer, 1886 to encompass exclusively the Antarctic species. To progress further, additional molecular data from Magellanic specimens are required to definitely resolve their taxonomy and systematics.

scholarly journals Three new species of Aleurodiscus s.l. (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from southern China

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Tian ◽  
Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad ◽  
Shuang-Hui He ◽  
Yu-Cheng Dai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Three New Species

Three new species of Aleurodiscus s.l. with corticioid basidiomata are described and illustrated from southern China based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and nrLSU sequence data. Aleurodiscusbambusinus was collected from Jiangxi Province on bamboo and is distinct by having a compact texture, simple-septate generative hyphae, abundant acanthophyses, basidia with acanthophysoid appendages and smooth basidiospores. Aleurodiscusisabellinus was collected from Yunnan Province on both angiosperm wood and bamboo and is distinct by having soft basidiomata with yellow to yellowish-brown hymenophore, yellow acanthophyses, simple-septate generative hyphae and smooth basidiospores. Aleurodiscussubroseus was collected from Guangxi Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province on angiosperm wood and is distinct by having pinkish basidiomata when fresh, clamped generative hyphae, clavate acanthophyses and echinulate basidiospores. In the phylogenetic tree, A.bambusinus and A.isabellinus were nested within the A.cerussatus group, whilst A.subroseus was clustered with A.wakefieldiae. An identification key to 26 species of Aleurodiscus s.l. in China is provided.

New olenelline trilobites from the Northwest Territories, Canada, and the phylogenetic placement of Judomia absita Fritz, 1973

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2918 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. WESLEY GAPP ◽  
BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN ◽  
MICHAEL C. POPE ◽  
KELLY A. DILLIARD
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
One New Species

The Early Cambrian olenelline trilobites are a diverse clade and have been the subject of several phylogenetic analyses. Here, three new species of Bradyfallotaspis Fritz, 1972 (B. coriae, B. nicolascagei, and B. sekwiensis) and one new species of Nevadia Walcott, 1910 (N. saupeae) are described from the Sekwi Formation of the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. In addition, new specimens potentially referable to Nevadia ovalis McMenamin, 1987 were recovered that may expand that species’ geographic range, which was thought to be restricted to Sonora, Mexico. The results of a phylogenetic analysis incorporating several olenelline taxa, including Judomia absita Fritz, 1973 from the Sekwi Formation, are also presented herein. This species has been assigned to various olenelline genera, including Judomia Lermontova, 1951 and Paranevadella Palmer & Repina, 1993. Phylogenetic analysis suggests this species is closely related to Judomia tera Lazarenko, 1960 from Siberia. This phylogenetic relationship provides further support for the hypothesis that a close biogeographic relationship existed between Laurentia and Siberia during the Cambrian.

Phylogeny-Based Species Delimitation In Philippine Slender Skinks (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) III: Taxonomic Revision of the Brachymeles Gracilis Complex, With Descriptions of Three New Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron D. Siler ◽  
Robin M. Jones ◽  
Arvin C. Diesmos ◽  
Mae L. Diesmos ◽  
Rafe M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Three New Species

Holodentata gen. nov. (Isopoda: Asellota: Paramunnidae) with a description of two new species: H. caeca and H. triangulata from the Southern Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2096 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRENDA LÍA DOTI ◽  
MADHUMITA CHOUDHURY ◽  
ANGELIKA BRANDT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Dorsal View ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Two New Species

A new genus of Paramunnidae, Holodentata (type species: Paramunna gaussi Vanhöffen, 1914) is erected. The new genus comprises two new species: H. caeca, from the deep Weddell Sea and H. triangulata, from the Ross Sea. The new genus is distinguished by the following characters: article 3 of the antenna short and with strong denticles, mandible palp absent, article 2 of maxilliped palp longest, coxal plates visible in dorsal view in all pereonites, pleotelson broad and laterally denticulated.

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