scholarly journals A Century of syphilis serology

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Peter W Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Syphilis Serology

The year 2006 represented the centenary of the first diagnostic serological test, the Wasserman complement fixation test for the diagnosis of syphilis. In this article I will relate some developments I have observed in the day-to-day running of a diagnostic serology laboratory over the thirty years preceding this centenary. I have assumed some background knowledge and elected to discuss only selected aspects of serological tests for syphilis (STS), rather than attempt a comprehensive review of the subject. A number of areas such as the serological diagnosis of congenital syphilis, the use of and interpretation of western blots in ?problem? sera and diagnosis of other treponemal diseases have not been included.

scholarly journals A quantitative comparison of the sensitivity of serological tests for bovine brucellosis to different antibody classes

1976 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Allan ◽  
R. J. Chappel ◽  
P. Williamson ◽  
D. J. McNaught
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Serum Agglutination

SUMMARYBrucella-specific antibodies of different immunoglobulin classes were quantitatively evaluated with respect to their efficiency in serological tests for bovine brucellosis.IgM reacted more efficiently than IgG1and IgG2in both the Rose Bengal plate test and serum agglutination test. The complement fixation test was found to be slightly more sensitive to IgM than to IgG1and did not react to IgG2.IgM was, however, partly inactivated when heated at 60°C. in the presence of serum.

scholarly journals Importance of serological testing in the convalescence phase in patients with pulmonary impairment due to COVID 19 - a health care workers analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
Ilka Lopes Santoro ◽  
Maria Silvia Biagioni Santos ◽  
Andreia Padilha de Toledo ◽  
Greice Elen Copelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Pulmonary Impairment ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Pulmonary Changes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Convalescence Phase ◽  
The Ideal

1AbstractSince its discovery, more than 37 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 with deaths around 1 million worldwide. The prevalence is not known because infected individuals may be asymptomatic. In addition, the use of specific diagnostic tests is not always conclusive, raising doubts about the etiology of the disease.The best diagnostic method and the ideal time of collection remains the subject of study. The gold standard for diagnosing COVID 19 is the RT PCR molecular test, usually using an oropharynx and nasopharynx swab. Its sensitivity is 70% and drops significantly after the second week of symptoms. Serological tests, in turn, have increased sensitivity after 14 days, and can contribute to the diagnosis when SARS-CoV-2 infection is suspected, even with negative RT PCR.Our study showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% of the serological test (ELISA method) for cases of viral pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus, suggesting that this test could assist in the diagnosis of pulmonary interstitial changes that have not yet been etiologically clarified. We found a greater immune response in men, regardless of the severity of symptoms. The greater the severity, the higher the levels of IgA and IgG, mainly found in patients with multilobar impairment and in need for oxygen. We concluded that the serological test collected around 30 days after the onset of symptoms is the best diagnostic tool in the convalescence phase, not only for epidemiological purposes, but also for the etiological clarification of pulmonary changes that have not yet been diagnosed.

scholarly journals Comparison of Coombs Gel Test with ELISA and Standard Tube Agglutination Tests Used in Serological Diagnosis of Brucellosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Akalan Kuyumcu ◽  
Serpil Erol ◽  
Rıza Adaleti ◽  
Seniha Senbayrak ◽  
Secil Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Reliable Test ◽  
And Control

Objective: Serological tests are the most commonly used tests in the diagnosis of brucellosis; however, each serological test has some drawbacks. In this study, we aimed to determine the value of the Brucella Coombs gel test (BCGT) in the serological diagnosis of brucellosis in comparison with Standard tube agglutination (STA) and ELISA tests. Materials and Methods: The study included 42 patients who were considered to have brucellosis as a preliminary diagnosis. BCGT, Brucella-IgM/IgG ELISA, and STA tests were performed from serum samples of the patients. The correlation of the diagnostic tests was analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa Analysis.  Results: Twenty-seven (64.2%) of 42 patients were diagnosed with brucellosis according to their medical history and clinical and serological tests. The sensitivity and specificity of BCGT to diagnose brucellosis was 96.2%, and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of brucellosis 62.9% and 100% for STA, respectively; 33.3% and 66.6% for Brucella-IgM; and 66.6% and 100% for Brucella-IgG. BCGT was significantly correlated with STA (κ= 0.590) and Brucella-IgG (κ=0.539) Conclusion: BCGT can be utilized as a simple and reliable test in the diagnosis of brucellosis with high sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the sensitivity and specificity of BCGT should be demonstrated by comprehensive studies, including culture-confirmed cases and control groups.

scholarly journals Model Proficiency Testing Scheme for Serological Diagnosis of Brucellosis: Interlaboratory Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Nannini ◽  
Manuela Tittarelli ◽  
Lucilla Ricci ◽  
Annamaria Conte ◽  
Bernardo Di Emidio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Correct Result ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Testing Scheme ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Qualitative Test

Abstract A model interlaboratory testing scheme was developed by the Italian National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis. This scheme was planned for both qualitative (Rose Bengal Plate Test; RBPT) and quantitative (Complement Fixation Test; CFT) serological tests and involved a total of 42 laboratories. In the preparation of this scheme, reference was made to general protocols and guidelines and to methods reported in the literature, which were applicable to analytical chemistry laboratories. Six field sera from naturally infected animals, one positive serum at a titer below the European Union (EU) positivity threshold, and 5 sera positive at titers between 20 and 851 International Units of Complement Fixation Test (IUCFT)/mL plus one negative serum were used to produce a panel of test sera. To evaluate laboratory performances in the quantitative test for each tested sample examined, z-scores based on robust summary statistics (the median and normalized interquartile range) were used. To evaluate overall laboratory performance, 2 types of combined z-scores were used: Rescaled Sum of Scores and Sum of Squared Scores. In the case of the qualitative test (RBPT), results were analyzed by a Bayesian approach. A Beta distribution, based on the result of each laboratory, was calculated and used to estimate the probability of each laboratory giving a correct result and its uncertainty.

scholarly journals A glycoengineered antigen exploiting a conserved protein O-glycosylation pathway in the Burkholderia genus for diagnosis of glanders infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanbo Wang ◽  
Lena Glaser ◽  
Nichollas E. Scott ◽  
Yasmine Fathy Mohamed ◽  
Rebecca Ingram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cholera Toxin B Subunit ◽  
Burkholderia Mallei ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen ◽  
Glycosylation Pathway

ABSTRACTWe recently described a protein O-glycosylation pathway conserved in all species of the Burkholderia genus that results in synthesis and incorporation of a trisaccharide glycan to membrane-exported proteins. Here, we exploited this system to construct and evaluate a diagnostic tool for glanders. Burkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders, is a highly infectious and fatal zoonotic pathogen that mainly infects horses, mules, donkeys and occasionally humans. A highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool is crucial for the control, elimination and eradication of B. mallei infections. We constructed plasmids carrying synthetic genes encoding a modified, previously unannotated Burkholderia glycoprotein containing three glycosylation sequons fused to the cholera toxin B-subunit. The resulting proteins were glycosylated in the B. cenocepacia K56-2 parental strain, but not in glycosylation-deficient mutants, as determined by SDS-PAGE and fluorescent lectin blots. One of these glycoproteins was used as an antigen in ELISA and western blots to screen a panel of serum samples collected from glanders-infected and healthy horses previously investigated by complement fixation test and indirect ELISA based on a semi-purified fraction of B. mallei. We show that ELISA and western blot assays based on our glycoprotein antigen provide 100 % specificity, with a sensitivity greater than 88%. The glycoprotein antigen was recognized by serum samples collected from patients infected with B. pseudomallei, B. mallei, B. multivorans and B. cenocepacia. Our results indicate that protein O-glycosylation in Burkholderia can be exploited as a biomarker for diagnosis of Burkholderia-associated infections.IMPORTANCEGlanders is a severe zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei, which affects horses, mules and donkeys, as well as humans. B. mallei is also considered a category B biothreat agent. Due to insufficient pathognomonic symptoms in the early stages of glanders, diagnosis can be difficult. Complement fixation is the most accurate and reliable serological test prescribed by the World Organization for Animal Health; however, this test has a considerable number of false-positive results. We have recently described a conserved protein O-glycosylation pathway present in all species of the Burkholderia genus; we also demonstrated that Burkholderia-infected humans develop anti-glycan antibodies. Here, we exploited this system to construct and evaluate a synthetic glycoengineered protein antigen as a diagnostic tool for glanders. Our results show 100 % specificity in the detection of antibodies from infected horses, indicating that protein O-glycosylation in Burkholderia can be exploited as a biomarker for diagnosis of Burkholderia-associated infections.

scholarly journals SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MODERN CHOLERA USING LIPOSOMAL ENTEROTOXIC DIAGNOSTICUM IN COMPLEMENT FIXATION TEST

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
I. V. Savelyeva ◽  
V. E. Bezsmertnyj ◽  
V. N. Savelyev ◽  
Yu. M. Fedorov ◽  
C. M. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Serological Diagnosis

scholarly journals Development of new antigens for serologic diagnosis of animal trypanosomosis and their use for epizootic monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ch. Georgiou
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Test System ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

The purpose of the research is developing a method for obtaining erythrocyte antigens containing and not containing Trypanosoma equiperdum and T. evansi DNA, which can later be used in serological reactions to differentiate these types of Trypanosoma.Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in the Protozoology Laboratory and the Vyshnevolotsk Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV RAS”, as well as livestock farms of the Russian Federation and other countries using clinical, microscopic, hematological, parasitological, biomolecular and serological methods.Results and discussion. Studies carried out for the first time have shown that it is possible to use erythrocyte antigens containing the T. equiperdum and T. evansi DNA obtained after 3-fold administration to mice and rabbits of a mixture of trypanosomal antigen with addition of 1.0 ml of an adjuvant (aluminum hydroxide), and bleeding of animals at 25 to 30 days. The formed precipitate was used as an antigen for serological tests. Experiments have shown that blood for preparation of positive serum can be taken when antibodies are in titers of 1:20 in the Prolonged Complement Fixation Test, and at least 1:400 in the Indirect Hemagglutination Test and ELISA, and for negative serum when horse blood serum reacts negatively with antigens of T. equiperdum and T. evansi in the Prolonged Complement Fixation Test, Indirect Hemagglutination Test and ELISA. The test systems of the Prolonged Complement Fixation Test, Indirect Hemagglutination Test and ELISA prepared by us with antigens containing and not containing T. equiperdum and T. evansi DNA resulted in creating a universal test system (Indirect Hemagglutination Test) for differentiating T. equiperdum from T. evansi.

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