Baseline data for identifying potentially invasive plants in Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galápagos

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Guerrero ◽  
P. Pozo ◽  
S. Chamorro ◽  
A. Guezou ◽  
C. E. Buddenhagen
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz Island ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
And Behavior

We recorded 502 introduced plant species during an inventory of all 2 334 private properties in Puerto Ayora, the largest town on Santa Cruz Island and the Galapagos Islands (population > 10,000) which accounts for about half of the Galapagos population. A third of these species were new records for the Galapagos Islands, 73% were found only in cultivation, 18% were naturalized and not cultivated (in Puerto Ayora), and 9% were found in cultivation and naturalized (escaped). Seventeen species previously known to occur only in cultivation in Galapagos are now considered escaped. A number of species known to be naturalized in the humid highlands of Santa Cruz do not appear to be able to reproduce in Puerto Ayora?s drier climate. To determine which introduced species should be a priority for control or eradication, the potential invasiveness of each species was assessed based on their distribution and behavior in Galapagos and elsewhere. At least 13 species were considered potentially serious invaders that could be feasible to eradicate.

scholarly journals Human-caused and natural mortality of giant tortoises in the Galapagos Islands during 1995-2004

Oryx ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz Márquez ◽  
David A. Wiedenfeld ◽  
Sandra Landázuri ◽  
Juan Chávez
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz Island ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Park Service

AbstractAlthough the killing of giant tortoises in the Galapagos Islands has been prohibited since 1933, poaching of tortoises still occurs. Personnel of the Galapagos National Park Service and the Charles Darwin Research Station regularly survey populations of tortoises throughout the archipelago and report all dead tortoises found. For the 10-year period 1995–2004 the field personnel reported evidence of 190 giant tortoises killed, primarily on the southern portion of Isabela Island. For the first 6 years the number of tortoises found killed was <15 per year, but since 2001 the number killed has increased dramatically, with 49 tortoises poached in 2004. During the same 10 years the number of tortoises found dead from natural causes was 131. Many of these deaths can be attributed to events associated with the 1997–1998 El Niño or with outbreaks of disease on Santa Cruz Island in 1996 and 1999. The results indicate that poaching exceeds natural mortality, and is a significant factor affecting these long-lived and slow-reproducing animals. Environmental education efforts in the human population of southern Isabela appear to have had little effect. Because tortoise poaching takes place at a small number of sites, effective enforcement at those sites could reduce killing of tortoises.

Cockroaches of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, with descriptions of three new species (Insecta: Blattodea)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2202-2217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Peck ◽  
Louis M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Nauphoeta Cinerea ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Periplaneta Australasiae

Eighteen species of cockroaches are reported to occur on the Galápagos Islands. Five species are endemic and in this paper three of these are described as new species: Chorisoneura cristobalensis Roth, C. carpenteri Roth, and Ischnoptera santacruzensis Roth. Endemic Ischnoptera snodgrasii (McNeill) COMB.NOV. is transferred from Anisopygia, and redescribed. Previous reports of the introduced species Periplaneta brunnea, Nauphoeta cinerea, and Phoetalia pallida could not be confirmed. These species may not have become established or may have become extinct. New records of native or introduced species are given for Holocompsa nitidula, Holocompsa sp., Anaplecta lateralis, Blaberus parabolicus, and Rhyparobia maderae. Of the introduced species, only Periplaneta australasiae, Symploce pallens, and Pycnoscelus surinamensis seem to have invaded native (undisturbed) habitats. The endemic species are partially or wholly flightless. This may not be a result of island life per se, but may be a specialization for life in more homogeneous litter or cave habitats at higher elevations on the islands.

The pholcid spiders of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (Araneae: Pholcidae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willis J. Gertsch ◽  
Stewart B. Peck
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz Island ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus ◽  
Parapatric Speciation ◽  
First Time

The 12 known species of the family Pholcidae in the Galápagos Islands are diagnosed, illustrated, and assigned to six genera as follows: Coryssocnemis conica Banks (for which a lectotype is designated), known from many islands; Coryssocnemis insularis Banks (for which a lectotype is designated), known from five islands; Coryssocnemis jarmila new species, a troglobite from Santa Cruz Island; Coryssocnemis floreana new species, a troglobite from Floreana Island; Hedypsilus culicinus Simon (for which a lectotype is designated), from Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal islands; Hedypsilus modicus new species, from San Cristóbal and Santiago islands (Modisimops Mello-Leitão is a NEW SYNONYM of Hedypsilus); Modisimus solus new species, from Santa Cruz Island; Pholcophora bella new species, from Santa Cruz Island; Pholcophora baerti new species, from Santa Fe and Pinta; Anopsicus banksi (Gertsch) from Floreana Island; Metagonia bellavista new species, a troglobite from Santa Cruz Island; and Metagonia reederi new species, a troglobite from Isabela Island. All are endemic to the islands, except H. culicinus, which is probably introduced. A stridulatory apparatus is reported on females of the genus Coryssocnemis for the first time. The troglobitic species of Coryssocnemis may have originated by parapatric speciation processes; the troglobitic species of Metagonia are relicts. In the troglobites the female epigynal characters are more differentiated than male palpal characters. A minimum of eight ancestral colonizations founded the Galápagos pholcid fauna.

scholarly journals Emergent conservation conflicts in the Galapagos Islands: Human-giant tortoise interactions in the rural area of Santa Cruz Island

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0202268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Benitez-Capistros ◽  
Giorgia Camperio ◽  
Jean Hugé ◽  
Farid Dahdouh-Guebas ◽  
Nico Koedam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz Island ◽  
Santa Cruz

Diversity and distribution of the orthopteroid insects of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1497-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Surface Transport ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ecological Complexity ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
Orthopteroid Insects

New fieldwork has brought the entire "orthopteroid" fauna of the Galápagos Islands to a total of 57 species, in 37 genera, and 7 insect orders. Identification keys and distributional details are given for the 24 species in the order Orthoptera (s.str.) (Ensifera and Caelifera). Of these, 19 species (and 2 genera) are endemic, 2 species are native (naturally occurring elsewhere in tropical America), and 3 species are presumed to have been introduced by humans. It is assumed that ancestral natural colonizations occurred through the air by flying ancestors or through rafting and ocean-surface transport by flightless ancestors (in Gryllidae; Nemobiinae and Mogoplistinae). Of the indigenous (non-introduced) species, 71% of Orthoptera (s.str.) and 72% of all orthopteroids of the Galápagos Islands are now flightless in one or both sexes. Considering the richness of the total orthopteroid fauna in mainland Ecuador, the island fauna is very highly impoverished. Evolution and diversification are modest in the Galápagos orthopteroids compared with some other plants and animals. Some species (probably descendant from coastal arid zone ancestors) are now limited to either moist highland or cave habitats. Species richness is significantly positively correlated with island ecological complexity and island area.

New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri W. Herrera ◽  
John T. Longino ◽  
Wouter Dekoninck
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands

New littoral mite species (Acari, Oribatida, Fortuyniidae) from the Galápagos archipelago, with ecological and zoogeographical considerations

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4244 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOBIAS PFINGSTL ◽  
HEINRICH SCHATZ
Keyword(s):  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Ecological Preferences ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Cuticular Ridge

Two species of Fortuyniidae, found on the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) are described and illustrated based on the adult and juvenile instars. Alismobates galapagoensis sp. nov. was found on six islands of the archipelago, in littoral and supralittoral habitats. It is morphologically similar to A. inexpectatus Pfingstl & Schuster, 2012 from Bermuda, but differs from that species and all other known congeners by a prominent cuticular ridge on epimeron III among other unique character combinations. Litoribates caelestis gen. and sp. nov. was found on the islands Santa Cruz and Bartolomé in the littoral zone under Maytenus and mangroves. Notes on distribution and ecological preferences of both species are included. 

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