315 USE OF PERIFOLLICULAR BLOOD FLOW TO PREDICT THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE OF BOVINE CUMULUS-OOCYTE COMPLEXES COLLECTED DURING REPEATED OVUM PICKUP SESSIONS ONCE OR TWICE WEEKLY

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanstedt ◽  
K. Höffmann ◽  
Ä Honnens ◽  
H. Bollwein ◽  
C. Wrenzycki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Color Flow Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

On average, only 20% of the cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) develop to the blastocyst stage (Merton et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 651–674). An increase in the blood supply to individual follicles appears to be associated with follicular growth rates, whereas a reduction seems to be closely related to follicular atresia (Acosta et al. 2003 Reproduction 125, 759–767). The purpose of this study was to determine whether qualitative perifollicular blood flow changes can be used to predict the developmental competence of COC collected during repeated ovum pickup (OPU) sessions once or twice weekly. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 20) were used as oocyte donors. After dominant follicle removal, OPU was performed twice (group 1, for 3 weeks) or once (group 2, for six weeks) weekly employing a 7.5-MHz transducer (GE 8C-RS) of an ultrasound scanner (GE Logiq Book). Follicle size and Doppler characteristics were recorded by transvaginal ultrasonography just before COC collection using color flow imaging. Owing for technical limitations for measurement of blood flow in small individual follicles, only the presence or absence of blood flow was assessed for each follicle. When a clearly visible blue or red spot (blood flow) was detected in the follicle wall, it was considered as a follicle with detectable blood flow. Follicles with or without detectable blood flow from each individual cow were aspirated separately. After morphological classification of COC, standard protocols for IVP were used for embryo production (Wrenzycki et al. 2001 Biol. Reprod. 65, 323–331). Cleavage and blastocyst rates were recorded at Day 3 and Day 8, respectively. In total, 464 (246 with and 218 without detectable blood flow) and 243 (125 with and 118 without detectable blood flow) follicles ≥3 mm were aspirated in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Morphology of the COC was similar in all groups. Developmental rates for COC stemming from follicles with or without detectable blood flow in group 1 did not show differences for cleavage rates, 54.0% (34/63) and 56.7% (45/81), and for blastocyst rates, 25.4% (16/63) and 22.2% (18/83), respectively. In group 2, the cleavage rates were also similar for COC originating from follicles with and without detectable blood flow, 54.3% (25/46) and 51.5% (34/66). However, developmental rates up to the blastocyst stage did show a significant difference, 23.9% (11/46) and 15.2% (10/66) for COC aspirated from follicles with or without detectable blood flow (P ≤ 0.05). These results show that using COC originating from follicles with detectable perifollicular blood flow collected once weekly may have a higher developmental competence compared to those from follicle without detectable blood flow. Within the detection limits of this study, differences in perifollicular blood flow during repeated OPU sessions once weekly were predictive of oocyte competence. Ruthe Research Farm, Germany, for providing the animals; Masterrind GmbH, Germany, for donation of the semen; and the HW Schaumann Stiftung for financial support.

313 EVALUATION OF COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE PERIFOLLICULAR BLOOD FLOW TO PREDICT THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE OF BOVINE CUMULUS - OOCYTE COMPLEXES COLLECTED DURING REPEATED OVUM PICK-UP SESSIONS

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
A. Hanstedt ◽  
K. Höffmann ◽  
Ä. Honnens ◽  
H. Bollwein ◽  
C. Wrenzycki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Color Flow Imaging ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
Flow Changes

The population of cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) used in OPU–IVP (ovum pick-up combined with in vitro production of embryos) is largely homogeneous due to repeated sessions resulting in the elimination of dominant and atretic follicles, especially when a 3–4 day interval is used. However, on average only 20% of the COCs develop to the blastocyst stage (Merton et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 651–674). Different blood flow changes within the follicle wall influence the fate of the follicles, and detectable blood flow and vasculature are associated with follicle viability. Furthermore, blood flow in follicles may be involved in not only selection of the dominant follicle but also early follicular development including follicular recruitment (Miyamoto et al. 2006 J. Reprod. Dev. 52, 153–160). However, no data are available regarding the quality of the COCs collected from follicles with or without blood flow. The purpose of this study was to determine whether qualitative perifollicular blood flow changes can be used to predict the developmental competence of COCs collected during repeated OPU sessions. Lactating Holstein cows were used as oocyte donors. After dominant follicle removal, OPU was performed twice weekly employing a 7.5-MHz transducer (GE 8C-RS) of an ultrasound scanner (GE Logiq Book). Follicle size and Doppler characteristics (color flow imaging) were recorded by transvaginal ultrasonography just before COC collection. Due to technical limitations for measurement of blood flow in small individual follicles, only the presence or absence of blood flow was assessed for each follicle. When a clearly visible blue or red spot (blood flow) was detected in the follicle wall, it was considered as a follicle with detectable blood flow. Follicles with or without detectable blood flow from each individual cow were aspirated separately. After morphological classification of COCs, standard protocols for IVP were used for embryo production. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were recorded at Day 3 and Day 8, respectively. In total, 464 (246 with and 218 without detectable blood flow) follicles e3 mm were aspirated. The percentage of follicles with detectable blood flow increased depending on follicle size (3 mm: 28.7, 4 mm: 48.4, 5 mm: 50.5, 6 mm: 62.5, 7 mm: 64.8, 8 mm: 71.4, and 9 mm: 76.9). Cleavage rates for COCs stemming from follicles with or without detectable blood flow did not show differences, 45.5% (35/77) and 56.7% (38/67), respectively. The rates of blastocyst formation were also similar in COCs originating from follicles with and without detectable blood flow, 16.9% (13/77) and 14.9% (10/67), respectively. These results show that perifollicular blood flow increases during early follicular growth. Within the detection limits of this study, differences in perifollicular blood flow during repeated OPU sessions twice weekly did not seem to be predictive of oocyte competence. We acknowledge the Ruthe Research Farm, Germany, for providing the animals, and Masterrind GmbH, Germany, for donating the semen.

128 EFFECT OF PERIFOLLICULAR BLOOD FLOW ON THE QUALITY OF OOCYTES COLLECTED DURING REPEATED OPU SESSIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanstedt ◽  
S. Wilkening ◽  
K. Brüning ◽  
Ä. Honnens ◽  
C. Wrenzycki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Histone Deacetylase 2 ◽  
Color Flow Imaging ◽  
Flow Changes

Approximately 20% of the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) collected from living animals during repeated ovum pick-up (OPU) sessions develop to the blastocyst stage. An increase in the blood supply to individual follicles appears to be associated with follicular growth rates, while a reduction seems to be closely related to follicular atresia (Acosta TJ et al. 2003; Reproduction, 125, 759-767). Recently, it has been shown that differences in perifollicular blood flow during repeated OPU sessions once weekly were predictive of oocyte competence. The purpose of this study was to determine whether qualitative perifollicular blood flow changes affect the quality of oocytes collected during repeated OPU sessions once or twice weekly as well as the quality of the resulting blastocysts. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 20) were used as oocyte donors. After dominant follicle removal, OPU was performed twice (group 1, for 3 weeks) or once (group 2, for six weeks) weekly employing a 7.5 MHz transducer (GE 8C-RS) of an ultrasound scanner (GE Logiq Book). Doppler characteristics were recorded by transvaginal ultrasonography just before COC collection using the color flow imaging. Because of technical limitations for measurement of blood flow in small individual follicles, only the presence or absence of blood flow was assessed for each follicle. When a clearly visible blue or red spot (blood flow) was detected in the follicle wall, it was considered a follicle with detectable blood flow. Follicles with or without detectable blood flow from each individual cow were aspirated separately. After morphological classification of COC, standard protocols for IVP were used for blastocyst production. For mRNA analysis, denuded COC and blastocysts were frozen at -80°C to analyze the relative transcript abundance using RT-qPCR. The transcripts studiedplay important roles during oocyte and embryo development [DNA methyltransferase 1a, 1b, 3a (DNMT1a, DNMT1b, DNMT3a); histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2); growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9); bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15); maternal effect gene zygotic arrest (ZAR); heat shock protein 70.1 (HSP); glucose transporter1, 3 (GLUT1, GLUT3); glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); and desmocollin II (DCII)]. Data were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple pairwise comparisons using Tukey’s test. The relative abundances of ZAR, BMP15, GDF9, DNMT1a, DNMT3a, and HDAC2 transcripts were significantly upregulated in oocytes stemming from OPU sessions twice weekly, whereas qualitative blood flow changes did not influence the mRNA abundance. At the blastocyst stage, G6PD mRNA was upregulated in blastocysts generated from oocytes collected in OPU sessions twice weekly. These results show that the time interval between the individual OPU sessions had an effect on the quality of oocyte and embryos at the molecular level, whereas differences in the perifollicular blood flow did not. Ruthe Research Farm, Germany for providing the animals; Masterrind GmbH, Germany for donation of the semen, and the HW Schaumann Stiftung for financial support.

109 INTRAFOLLICULAR GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION HAS AN INFLUENCE ON THE SEX OF BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS PRODUCED IN VITRO

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
E. Abele ◽  
H. Stinshoff ◽  
A. Hanstedt ◽  
S. Wilkening ◽  
S. Meinecke-Tillmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Several factors have been shown to alter the sex ratio of bovine embryos generated in vitro, i.e. the maturity of the oocyte at the time of insemination, the duration of sperm-oocyte co-incubation and the culture conditions after in vitro fertilization. It has been shown that the presence of glucose during in vitro culture reduced the development of female embryos to the blastocyst stage compared with controls cultured in the absence of glucose. The sex ratio of bovine embryos has also been linked with changes in the composition of the follicular fluid in which the oocyte undergoes growth and maturation, i.e. the intrafollicular testosterone concentration. However, no information is available regarding the effect of intrafollicular glucose concentration on the sex ratio of embryos after in vitro production (IVP). The purpose of this study was to determine whether different glucose concentrations in the follicular fluid at the time of cumulus–oocyte complex (COC) collection have an effect on the sex ratio of the resulting blastocysts after IVP. Ovaries from a local abattoir were transported to the laboratory within 2 h of slaughter. Follicles (3–8 mm) were individually dissected and the glucose concentration of each follicle was measured using a blood glucose monitoring system (Freestyle Freedom Lite, Abbott, Germany). Based on a glucose concentration, COC [low glucose: <1.1 mM (group 1) and high glucose: >1.1 mM (group 2)] were pooled in groups and used for blastocyst production employing standard protocols for IVP. Developmental rates were recorded at Day 3 (cleavage) and Day 7/8 (blastocyst stage). Total cell number of blastocysts was determined after Hoechst staining. Sex of the embryos was analysed via PCR using bovine X- and Y-chromosome specific primers. Developmental rates for COC stemming from follicles with different glucose concentrations did not show significant differences (P > 0.05) compared to each other [Cleavage rate: group 1: 81.8 ± 4.7% (93/117); group 2: 79.3 ± 4.9% (94/123); blastocyst rate: group 1: 35.6 ± 5.2% (38/117); group 2: 31.6 ± 5.2% (38/123)]. Total cell numbers were similar in embryos of both groups [Group 1: 117.7 ± 8.1 (n = 18); group 2: 117.2 ± 6.4 (n = 18)]. The overall sex ratio significantly differed (P < 0.05) from 1:1 in favour of females in both groups [Group 1: 85 v. 15% (n = 20); group 2: 63.6 v. 36.4% (n = 22)]. No significant difference (P > 0.05) in the overall sex ratio was detected in blastocysts produced under standard IVP conditions employed in the laboratory [without measurement of follicular glucose concentration, 55.0 v. 45.0%, (n = 20)]. In conclusion, under the conditions used in the present study, the intrafollicular glucose concentration from which the immature COC was collected affects the sex of the resulting embryo after IVP, favouring females. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in living cows using the ovum pickup technique.

295 DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY OF THE OVARIAN ARTERIES IN SUPEROVULATED CATTLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ä Honnens ◽  
C. Klein ◽  
K.-G. Hadeler ◽  
H. Niemann ◽  
H. Bollwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Despite considerable progress in the understanding of ovarian follicular growth in cattle, the variable and unpredictable superovulatory response of donor animals is still a limiting factor to the success in the embryo transfer industry. One of the main factors affecting the outcome is the presence or absence of a dominant follicle at the time of gonadotropin treatment. It has been shown that the removal of the dominant follicle using ultrasound-guided aspiration before superovulation increases the number of ova and transferable embryos (Bungartz and Niemann 1994 J. Reprod. Fertil. 101, 581–593). Transrectal color Doppler sonography has been used to evaluate the blood flow in the ovarian artery and to test the ovarian blood flow in relation to ovarian response upon hormonal treatment for superovulation. It has been determined that blood flow parameters (BFV: blood flow volume, PI: pulsatility index) have only limited diagnostic value to predict the outcome of a superovulation treatment (Honnens et al. 2008 doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.05.077). The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dominant follicle ablation on the ovarian blood flow during superovulation related to the outcome. At Day 8 of the estrous cycle, the dominant follicle was removed in 16 animals (Group 1). In 12 animals, the dominant follicle was left intact (Group 2). All animals received an eCG (3000 I.U.) injection on Day 10, a PGF2α injection on Day 12 and were inseminated twice starting 48 h later. Ovarian blood flow was determined in all animals by investigating the left and right ovarian arteries on Days 8, 10 and 12 of the estrous cycle and on Day 6 p.i. using a Logiq Book XP (General Electrics, UK) equipped with a 7.5 MHz probe. Doppler analysis was carried out using Pixelflux software (Chameleon Software, Germany). The PI was measured as described recently (Honnens et al. 2008 doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.05.077). On Day 7 p.i., ova/embryos were collected by standard non-surgical uterine flushing and classified according to the IETS guidelines. Similar results were obtained for the PI in group 1 on Day 8 (1.13 ± 0.08) and Day 10 (1.35 ± 0.09). A decrease (P ≤ 0.05) was measured at Day 12 (0.89 ± 0.07) and Day 6 p.i. (0.60 ± 0.06). In group 2, the PI remained constant until Day 12 (Day 8: 1.34 ± 0.11, Day 10: 1.43 ± 0.14, Day 12: 1.44 ± 0.12). At Day 6 p.i., the PI was significantly reduced (0.66 ± 0.09; P ≤ 0.05). Between both groups, a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) was only detected at Day 12. More ova/embryos and transferable embryos (P ≤ 0.05) were recovered from group 1 (11.3 ± 1.6, 4.7 ± 0.9) compared to group 2 (4.8 ± 1.2, 1.9 ± 0.6). However, no significant relation (P > 0.05, Spearman) between the PI and the number total ova/embryos or the number of transferable embryos could be determined. These results show that removing the dominant follicle increases the number of embryos after superovulation. However, PI in general could not be used to predict the outcome of a superovulatory treatment.

416 EFFECTS OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM WITHIN THE OVARY ON THE FOLLICULAR DYNAMICS AFTER FOLLICULAR ASPIRATION AND ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE OF ASPIRATED OOCYTES

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
T. Takuma ◽  
T. Otsubo ◽  
Y. Kurokawa ◽  
T. Otoi
Keyword(s):  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Follicular Aspiration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

The use of ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspiration combined with in vitro embryo production is increasing in the commercial cattle breeding industry. However, frequent puncture of follicles can induce the dysfunction of corpora lutea (CL) (Petyim et al. 2001 J. Vet. Med. A 48, 449–463), resulting in irregular estrous intervals or absence of estrus. This study was conducted to compare follicular and oocyte characteristics in ovaries ipsilateral vs. contralateral to the CL after follicular aspiration. The experiment was performed using a crossover design with each Japanese Black cow (n = 7) assigned to each of the 3 groups. The treatment period was 30 days for each group, and successive treatments were separated by a 2-month rest period. Hence the study spanned a period of 7 months (3 treatment periods and 2 rest periods). To verify ovulation prior to each treatment, the stage of the estrous cycle in each cow was synchronized with an ovulation synchronization (Ovsynch) program. Follicular aspirations were performed 6 times (every 3 or 4 days) between Day 3 and Day 20 after GnRH administration (Day = 0) of the Ovsynch program. All cows in each group ovulated the follicle before the initiation of follicular aspiration treatment. Follicles (e3 mm in diameter) from the ovary ipsilateral (Group 1) or contralateral (Group 2) to the CL were aspirated a using B-mode ultrasound scanner equipped with a 7.5 MHz probe. As a control (Group 3), the follicles from both ovaries were aspirated, irrespective of the presence of CL. In all groups, follicular development in each cow was monitored daily from Days 0 to 31. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from each cow in Group 1 (n = 158), Group 2 (n = 140), and Group 3 (n = 277) were subjected to IVM/IVF/IVC. The numbers of embryos cleaved and developed to the blastocyst stage were recorded 3 days and 8 days after IVF, respectively. The mean profiles of total visible follicles (e3 mm in diameter) in ovaries with follicular aspiration in Groups 1 and 2 were similar to those in Group 3, irrespective of the presence of CL. The average numbers of visible follicles in the ovaries with follicular aspiration 7 days after the end of follicular aspiration treatment were not different from those in the ovaries without follicular aspiration (P &gt; 0.05; one-way ANOVA). Moreover, there were no significant differences among the groups with respect to the percentages of cleavage (57.5–65.7%) and development to the blastocyst stage (23.6–32.1%) of collected COCs (P &gt; 0.05; chi-square analysis). These results indicate that the presence of CL within the ovaries does not affect the ovarian follicular dynamics after follicular aspiration and the developmental competence of collected COCs.

Clinical Comparison of the Ocular Blood Flow Tonograph and the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Esgin ◽  
M.L. Alimgil ◽  
S. Erda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose To compare the IOP readings of an ocular blood flow (OBF) tonograph (OBF Labs UK Ltd) with Goldmann applanation tonometry. Methods 194 patients were studied. In group 1, the software version 8.2 of the OBF tonograph was used in 214 eyes of 107 patients and in group 2, the 11.2 version of the tonograph was used in 174 eyes of 87 patients. Results We found 63% of the OBF tonograph readings to be within ±2mm Hg of the Goldmann applanation tonometry readings in group 1 and 60% in group 2. In group 1 the correlation coefficient between the readings of the two instruments was 0.71 and 0.82 in group 2. The mean value for the paired differences in group 1 was –1.34±2.75mm Hg overall and –1.04±2.91mm Hg overall in group 2. There was a significant difference between the Goldmann applanation tonometer and OBF tonograph readings in the 8–10mm Hg interval (p<0.001) in group 1, but not in group 2 (p>0.1). Conclusions The 11.2 version of the OBF tonograph is more accurate than the 8.2 version and measures IOP in a manner that corresponds well to the Goldmann applanation tonometer in the 8–10mm Hg and 21–29mm Hg intervals. It corresponds fairly well in the 11–20mm Hg interval.

scholarly journals Ocular Blood Flow Abnormalities and Their Correlation with Body Mass Index in Obese Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Tufek ◽  
Mustafa Capraz ◽  
Ahmet Turan Kaya ◽  
Kenan Varol ◽  
Nihat Aydın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Choroidal Blood Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Retrobulbar Blood Flow ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract PurposeTo evaluate the effects of obesity on ocular blood flow including choroidal thickness and retrobulbar blood flow values in comparison with healthy subjectsMethodsThe 102 eyes of 102 female patients were included in this prospective study.Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) was used to evaluate the retrobulber vessels.Choroidal thickness was measured by using the optical coherence tomography (OCT). ResultsThere was a significant difference in IOP values within the groups with the highest values in group 3 and the lowest in group 1.There was also a positive correlation between BMI and IOP. The CT was found to be statistically significantly lower in group 2 and group 3 than in the control group at all measurement points. The choroidal thickness was also statistically significantly lower in group 3 than in group 2 at the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm, and the temporal 500 and 1000 µm measurement points.The mean CRA PSV and EDV values were lower in group 2 and group 3 than in group 1, while group 3 had the lowest mean CRA PSV value among the groups. When compared to group 1, the OA EDV value was lower only in group 3 while the OA PSV value was statistically significantly lower in group 3 than in both group 2 and group 1. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of RI and PI.ConclusionsObesity can create a predisposition to ocular pathologies both by increasing the IOP and decreasing the retrobulbar and choroidal blood flow.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Tuberculosis of the meninges and central nervous system. Experience of clinical diagnostics in St. Petersburg for 50 years

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Allergic Vasculitis ◽  
Tuberculosis Meningitis ◽  
Group 1

The clinic and diagnostics of tuberculosis meningitis (TM) in 926 patients treated in St. Petersburg hospitals in 1965–1994 (group 1) and in 1995–2018 (group 2) is presented. The TM clinic is demonstrated to be determined by the form of tuberculosis and its characteristic generalization nature in the presence of repeated waves of bacteremia and allergic vasculitis of greater or lesser severity. There is clinical peculiarity of TM in primary pulmonary tuberculosis and its early large-focal and late miliar generalization, as well as in hematogenous tuberculosis. In patients of the 1st and 2nd groups the TM clinic shows in some respects a noticeable similarity, in others — a significant difference. Despite the typical symptoms, early diagnosis of TM took place in less than 20% of patients. Clinical examples illustrating the unusual development of TM, contrasting with its usual course, are given. A number of objective and subjective factors contributing to the adverse evolution of TM and its lethal outcome are discussed. These include the peculiarity of modern tuberculosis, especially when associated with HIV infection, as well as medical errors associated with ignorance of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and failure to comply with the minimum examination for tuberculosis.

Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2608-2613
Author(s):  
Larisa Simona Deac ◽  
Kamel Earar ◽  
Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽  
Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽  
Aurora Antoniac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Selective Etch ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

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