Morphological and taxonomy of Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae/Rhodophyta)

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ King ◽  
CF Puttock
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
South American ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Axial Cell ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Australasian Region

The genus Bostrychia Montagne s.l. is reassessed. Two genera are recognised. Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia J.D. Hooker et Harvey, differing from eachother by the number of tiers of pericentral cells per axial cell, the mode of cortication and the number of indeterminate axes. These genera are described and keys are provided to all species. Bostrychia consists of 11 species. One of which, B. tenussima R.J. King et Puttock, sp. nov., is newly described from New Zealand and temperate Australia. Detailed descriptions are given for the other six species, B. harveyi, B. moritziana, B. pinnata, B. radicans, B. simpliciuscula and B. tenella, that occur in the Australasian region. Taxonomic notes are provided for the type of species. B. scorpiodes, which is restricted to western Europe, and three lesser known species, B. callipters, B. montahnei and B. pilulifers, from the Central and South American regions. Stictosiphonia is resurrected and emended. This genus consists of six species, two of which have tropical distributions, S. kelanensis (Grunow ex Post) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. (southern and eastern Asia and northern Australia) and S. tangatensis (Post) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. (eastern Africa and northern Australia). The remaining four species, S. hookeri, S. vaga, S. arbuscula (J. D. Hooker et Harvey) R.J. King et Puttock, comb. nov. and S. gracilis R.J. King et Puttock, sp. nov., have a southern Australian, New Zealand or subAntarctic distribution.

Monilinia fructigena (brown rot).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Monilinia Fructigena ◽  
The Usa ◽  
A New Species

Abstract M. fructigena is one of several apothecial ascomycetes causing brown rot and blossom blight of stone fruit and pome fruit trees worldwide. It has a more restricted distribution than the other species, occurring in Europe and Asia, but not in North America. Reports of its occurrence in South America are likely to be errors in identification. Recent identification of a new species in Japan suggests that it may not be present there, as previously thought, and reports from other parts of eastern Asia may have to be re-examined. It is a quarantine pest for Canada, the USA, Australia and New Zealand. One unusual introduction to the USA was resolved by eradication (Batra, 1979; Ogawa and English, 1991). Introduction could occur through the importation of infected fruit as well as of tree material for propagation and breeding, from which it could spread readily by means of conidia carried by the wind or insects.

The systematics and biology of the spider genus Nephila (Araneae:Nephilidae) in the Australasian region

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Harvey ◽  
Andrew D. Austin ◽  
Mark Adams
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
East Asia ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Nephila Plumipes ◽  
Australasian Region

Five species of the nephilid genus Nephila Leach are found in the Australasian region, which for the purposes of this study was defined as Australia and its dependencies (including Lord Howe I., Norfolk I., Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is), New Guinea (including Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian province of West Papua), Solomon Is, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Niue, New Zealand and other parts of the south-west Pacific region. All species are redescribed and illustrated. Nephila pilipes (Fabricius) occurs in the closed forests of eastern and northern Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Is and Vanuatu (through to South-East Asia); N. plumipes (Latreille) is found in Australia (including Lord Howe I. and Norfolk I.), New Guinea, Vanuatu, Solomon Is and New Caledonia; N. tetragnathoides (Walckenaer) inhabits Fiji, Tonga and Niue; N. antipodiana (Walckenaer) occurs in northern Australia (as well as Christmas I.), New Guinea and Solomon Is (through to South-East Asia); and N. edulis (Labillardière) is found in Australia (including Cocos (Keeling) Is), New Guinea, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Epeira (Nephila) walckenaeri Doleschall, E. (N.) hasseltii Doleschall, N. maculata var. annulipes Thorell, N. maculata jalorensis Simon, N. maculata var. novae-guineae Strand, N. pictithorax Kulczyński, N. maculata var. flavornata Merian, N. pictithorax Kulczyński, N. maculata var. flavornata Merian, N. maculata piscatorum de Vis, and N. (N.) maculata var. lauterbachi Dahl are proposed as new synonyms of N. pilipes. Nephila imperialis var. novaemecklenburgiae Strand, N. ambigua Kulczyński, N. sarasinorum Merian and N. celebesiana Strand are proposed as new synonyms of N. antipodiana. Meta aerea Hogg, N. meridionalis Hogg, N. adelaidensis Hogg and N. meridionalis hermitis Hogg are proposed as new synonyms of N. edulis. Nephila picta Rainbow is removed from the synonymy of N. plumipes and treated as a synonym of N. edulis, and N. nigritarsis insulicola Pocock is removed from the synonymy of N. plumipes and treated as a synonym of N. antipodiana. Allozyme data demonstrate that N. pilipes is distinct at the 80% FD level from N. edulis, N. plumipes and N. tetragnathoides. Nephila plumipes and N. tetragnathoides, deemed to represent sister-taxa owing to the shared presence of a triangular protrusion of the male pedipalpal conductor, were found to differ at 15% FD in the genetic study. No genetic differentiation was found between 10 populations of N. edulis sampled across mainland Australia. Species of the genus Nephila have been extensively used in ecological and behavioural studies, and the biology of Nephila species in the Australasian region is extensively reviewed and compared with studies on Nephila species from other regions of the world.

Lectotypification of the Linnaean name Lobelia coronopifolia (Campanulaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 331 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
RAEES KHAN ◽  
SHEIKH ZAIN UL ABIDIN ◽  
ABDUL SAMAD MUMTAZ ◽  
FAHIM ALTINORDU ◽  
ALEXANDER SENNIKOV
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
New World ◽  
Eastern Asia

The genus Lobelia Linnaeus (1753: 929) honors the memory of Mathias de l’Obel (1538–1616), a Flemish physician and botanist who published important pre-Linnaean works on plant classification (see Shosteck 1974). Lobelia, a genus native to the New World, northern and western Europe, Africa, southern and eastern Asia, Australia and New Zealand, comprises 415 species and it is the second largest genus out of the 84 ones which currently belong to Campanulaceae Juss. (Lammers 2011).

A molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Arundinoideae (Poaceae) based on sequences of rDNA

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hsiao ◽  
S. W. L. Jacobs ◽  
N. P. Barker ◽  
N. J. Chatterton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
South American ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
The North ◽  
Poaceae Family

Phylogenetic relationships of the whole Poaceae family inferred from the sequence data of rDNA (ITS) support the hypothesis that the arundinoids are monophyletic, not polyphyletic as previously proposed. The ITS sequence phylogeny of 42 arundinoid species demonstrates an early divergence of the Aristideae and three major groupings, corresponding loosely to the tribes Aristideae, Arundineae and Danthonieae. The Arundineae are resolved into two paraphyletic clades. In one clade, Arundo, Monachather, and Dregeochloa are the sister group to Amphipogon and Diplopogon. In the other clade, Phragmites, Molinia, Gynerium, Thysanolaena, Spartochloa, and Cyperochloa are the sister group to Eriachne and Micraira. Arundo is not closely related to Phragmites. The Danthonieae clade, including taxa from Africa, Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, the South American Cortaderia, and the North American Danthonia, appears to be monophyletic. However, the genus Merxmuellera is polyphyletic.

Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Mamonov
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Loan Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

: Naming the Other: Images of the Maori in New Zealand Film and Television . Martin Blythe.

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Waller
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Film And Television

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Pollack ◽  
Gergely Rosta
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Economic Market ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Economic Market Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Religious Landscape

The most important conclusions of this summarizing chapter are the following: The religious landscape of Eastern Europe is more diverse than that of Western Europe. The cases of Poland and the GDR confirm the hypothesis that there is a link between the diffusion of functions and the growth in the importance of religion. The strong processes of biographical individualization that occurred in the post-communist states did not necessarily intensify individual religiosity. The economic market model cannot be confirmed for Eastern Europe. There is in Eastern and Central Europe a demonstrable link between economic prosperity and the loosening of religious and church ties. What can act as a bulwark against the eroding effects of modernization is church activity on the one hand, and the everyday proximity, visibility, and concreteness of religious practices and rituals, symbols, images, and objects on the other.

Multicultural and Transnational Novels

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Meffan
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
The One

This chapter discusses the history of multicultural and transnational novels in New Zealand. A novel set in New Zealand will have to deal with questions about cultural access rights on the one hand and cultural coverage on the other. The term ‘transnational novel’ gains its relevance from questions about cultural and national identity, questions that have particularly exercised nations formed from colonial history. The chapter considers novels that demonstrate and respond to perceived deficiencies in wider discourses of cultural and national identity by way of comparison between New Zealand and somewhere else. These include Amelia Batistich's Another Mountain, Another Song (1981), Albert Wendt's Sons for the Return Home (1973) and Black Rainbow (1992), James McNeish's Penelope's Island (1990), Stephanie Johnson's The Heart's Wild Surf (2003), and Lloyd Jones's Mister Pip (2006).

scholarly journals Ethnic Hatred and Universal Benevolence: Ethnicity and Loyalty in Precolonial Myanmar, and Britain

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-338
Author(s):  
Victor Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Pressures ◽  
Legal Equality ◽  
The One

AbstractInsisting on a radical divide between post-1750 ideologies in Europe and earlier political thought in both Europe and Asia, modernist scholars of nationalism have called attention, quite justifiably, to European nationalisms’ unique focus on popular sovereignty, legal equality, territorial fixity, and the primacy of secular over universal religious loyalties. Yet this essay argues that nationalism also shared basic developmental and expressive features with political thought in pre-1750 Europe as well as in rimland—that is to say outlying—sectors of Asia. Polities in Western Europe and rimland Asia were all protected against Inner Asian occupation, all enjoyed relatively cohesive local geographies, and all experienced economic and social pressures to integration that were not only sustained but surprisingly synchronized throughout the second millennium. In Western Europe and rimland Asia each major state came to identify with a named ethnicity, specific artifacts became badges of inclusion, and central ethnicity expanded and grew more standardized. Using Myanmar and pre-1750 England/Britain as case studies, this essay reconstructs these centuries-long similarities in process and form between “political ethnicity,” on the one hand, and modern nationalism, on the other. Finally, however, this essay explores cultural and material answers to the obvious question: if political ethnicities in Myanmar and pre-1750 England/Britain were indeed comparable, why did the latter realm alone generate recognizable expressions of nationalism? As such, this essay both strengthens and weakens claims for European exceptionalism.

Problems of Western Europe

1949 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
Bernard Wall
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common People ◽  
Western Nation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Will ◽  
East And West

The following pages are based on the last six months of 1948 which the writer spent in England, France and Italy. During this period Marshall aid had begun to bear certain fruit. On the other hand the international situation, already bad at the opening of the period, had deteriorated cumulatively as time passed. The Berlin deadlock, a symbol of the will of East and West, continued as before; and not even the beginning of a solution was reached at the United Nations assembly in Paris in die autumn. All over Europe people were preoccupied widi the economic crisis; but also by the direat of a new war. A military committee composed of Great Britain, France and Benelux was formed in the autumn under the chairmanship of Marshal Montgomery. There remained problems about this committee's effectiveness as well as about the extent to which other proposals for Western union were practicable at present. While in each country in Western Europe common people and politicians are talking more about union than ever before, in practice separatist tendencies in each shrunken western nation are still at work and travel to, or independent contact with, neighboring countries is a far more difficult business today than it was in 1939.

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