Vulnerability to sexual violence and participation in sex work among high-end entertainment centre workers in Hunan Province, China

Background China has seen a proliferation of entertainment centres that are frequented by business people. Employees at these centres often are young, female rural-to-urban migrants who may be vulnerable to sexual violence and exploitation. Methods: Data for this study were collected using a self-administered survey among male and female employees in two high-end entertainment centres in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. We used logistic regression to examine predictors of violent and potentially exploitative experiences (partner violence, forced sex and transactional sex). Predictors included gender, ever having a same-sex partner, migration variables and employment characteristics. Results: Participants reported high levels of partner violence (16.0% ever and 9.0% in the past 3 months) and forced sex (13.9% ever and 5.5% in the past 3 months). Nineteen percent reported sex work in the past 3 months. In the multivariate regressions, ever having had a same-sex partner was associated with higher odds of ever having experienced partner violence (odds ratio (OR) = 7.8, P < 0.001), partner violence in the past 3 months (OR = 9.0, P < 0.001), ever having had transactional sex (OR = 6.0, P < 0.001) and transactional sex in the past 3 months (OR = 5.2, P = 0.001). After adjusting for transactional sex, the association between having had a same-sex partner and partner violence remained significant. Neither gender nor migration status was associated with any of the outcomes. Conclusion: High-end entertainment centre workers in China are at risk for sexual violence and should be targeted with employment-based interventions.

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Same-Sex Partner Violence

Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research ◽

10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3521 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 5637-5640

Author(s):

Janice Ristock

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Same Sex ◽

Sex Partner

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Violence experience by perpetrator and associations with HIV/STI risk and infection: a cross-sectional study among female sex workers in Karnataka, south India

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e021389 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Alicja Beksinska ◽

Ravi Prakash ◽

Shajy Isac ◽

H L Mohan ◽

Lucy Platt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Condom Use ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

South India ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

The Past ◽

Female Sex

ObjectivesFemale sex workers (FSWs) experience violence from a range of perpetrators, but little is known about how violence experience across multiple settings (workplace, community, domestic) impacts on HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk. We examined whether HIV/STI risk differs by the perpetrator of violence.MethodsAn Integrated Biological and Behavioural Assessment survey was conducted among random samples of FSWs in two districts (Bangalore and Shimoga) in Karnataka state, south India, in 2011. Physical and sexual violence in the past six months, by workplace (client, police, coworker, pimp) or community (stranger, rowdy, neighbour, auto-driver) perpetrators was assessed, as was physical and sexual intimate partner violence in the past 12 months. Weighted, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine associations between violence by perpetrator and HIV/STI risk.Results1111 FSWs were included (Bangalore=718, Shimoga=393). Overall, 34.9% reported recent physical and/or sexual violence. Violence was experienced from domestic (27.1%), workplace (11.1%) and community (4.2%) perpetrators, with 6.2% of participants reporting recent violence from both domestic and non-domestic (workplace/community) perpetrators. Adjusted analysis suggests that experience of violence by workplace/community perpetrators is more important in increasing HIV/STI risk during sex work (lower condom use with clients; client or FSW under the influence of alcohol at last sex) than domestic violence. However, women who reported recent violence by domestic and workplace/community perpetrators had the highest odds of high-titre syphilis infection, recent STI symptoms and condom breakage at last sex, and the lowest odds of condom use at last sex with regular clients compared with women who reported violence by domestic or workplace/community perpetrators only.ConclusionHIV/STI risk differs by the perpetrator of violence and is highest among FSWs experiencing violence in the workplace/community and at home. Effective HIV/STI prevention programmes with FSWs need to include violence interventions that address violence across both their personal and working lives.

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Same-Sex Partner Violence: A Look at Domestic Violence in the LGBTQ Community

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-55864-2_8 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 47-56

Author(s):

Mark H. Townsend ◽

Rahn Kennedy Bailey

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Same Sex ◽

Sex Partner

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Predictors of Perpetration of Men’s Same-Sex Partner Violence

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-13-00096 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 784-796 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michelle L. Kelley ◽

Robert J. Milletich ◽

Robin J. Lewis ◽

Barbara A. Winstead ◽

Cathy L. Barraco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Orientation ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Internalized Homophobia ◽

Same Sex ◽

Higher Alcohol ◽

Weekly Alcohol Consumption ◽

Sex Partner

This study examined alcohol consumption, internalized homophobia, and outness as related to men’s (N = 107) reports of the perpetration of violence against a same-sex partner. Higher typical weekly alcohol consumption, higher levels of internalized homophobia, and less outness (e.g., lower levels of disclosure of one’s sexual orientation) predicted the perpetration of partner violence. In contrast to what we expected, the interaction between higher alcohol consumption and higher levels of outness about one’s sexual orientation (i.e., being open to friends, family members, work colleagues) increased the likelihood of participants’ reports of perpetrating physical violence. These results suggest the importance of both alcohol consumption and sexual minority stressors and their interactions in understanding men’s perpetration of same-sex partner violence.

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Who is most at risk of physical and sexual partner violence and coercive control during the COVID-19 pandemic?

10.52922/ti78047 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hayley Boxall ◽

Anthony Morgan

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Torres Strait Islander ◽

Health Condition ◽

Coercive Control ◽

Regression Modelling ◽

The Past ◽

Early Stages ◽

Australian Community ◽

Logistic Regression Modelling

In this study, we analysed data from a survey of Australian women (n=9,284) to identify women at the highest risk of physical and sexual violence and coercive control during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression modelling identified that specific groups of women were more likely than the general population to have experienced physical and sexual violence in the past three months. These were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, women aged 18–24, women with a restrictive health condition, pregnant women and women in financial stress. Similar results were identified for coercive control, and the co-occurrence of both physical/sexual violence and coercive control. These results show that domestic violence during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic was not evenly distributed across the Australian community, but more likely to occur among particular groups.

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A Mixed-Methods Examination of Sexual Coercion and Degradation Among Women in Violent Relationships Who Do and Do Not Report Forced Sex

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/vv-v22i1a005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 71-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

TK Logan ◽

Jennifer R Cole ◽

Lisa A Shannon

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Sexual Coercion ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Psychological Abuse ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Research Attention ◽

Violent Relationships ◽

Forced Sex ◽

The Past

Although partner sexual abuse is clearly an important dimension of partner violence, it has received less research attention than partner physical and psychological abuse. This article contributes to the literature by examining similarities and differences in coercive and degrading sexual tactics experienced by women who do (n = 31) and women who do not (n = 31) report forced sex using quantitative and qualitative data. The women in the sample had all been recently (within the past 6 months) stalked by a violent intimate partner. Results suggest that both women who do and women who do not report forced sex experience various coercive and degrading tactics within the context of sexual activity. Results also suggest that multiple sexual abuse dimensions should be considered within the context of partner psychological abuse, physical abuse, and stalking and that more research on understanding the outcomes associated with dimensions of sexual abuse within the context of physical and psychological abuse is needed.

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Using confirmatory factor analysis to explore associated factors of intimate partner violence in a sample of Chinese rural women: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019465 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e019465 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fengsu Hou ◽

Catherine Cerulli ◽

Marsha N, Wittink ◽

Eric D. Caine ◽

Peiyuan Qiu

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Confirmatory Factor

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among a sample of rural Chinese women and to explore associated factors.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingRural areas of Guangyuan City, Sichuan, China.ParticipantsWe recruited 1501 women, aged 16 years and older, who had been living locally for at least 2 years and reported being married or in a relationship during the past 12 months. They were among a sample of 1898 potential participants from our larger parent study on the prevalence of depressive-distress symptoms.MethodsParticipants completed demographic and social economic measures, the Short Form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale and the Duke Social Support Index. We applied χ2test, analysis of variance and confirmatory factor analysis for analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of IPV in the past 12 months was 29.05%; the prevalence of physical, psychological and sexual violence was 7.66%, 26.58% and 3.20%, respectively. The overall prevalence was highest among women aged 16–29 years, and was more common among those without a high school diploma and who saw their family’s financial status as very poor or stagnant. Women who were not victims of IPV had higher levels of social support. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the total effects of social support on physical, psychological and sexual violence were −0.12, –0.35 and −0.12, respectively. The indirect effects of objective economic status on physical, psychological and sexual violence were −0.047, –0.014 and −0.047, respectively, but the total effect was not significant. The indirect effect of education on psychological violence was −0.056.ConclusionIPV is common in rural Guangyuan. Our data are comparable with the findings from north-west of China. Social support is an important protective factor. Future work is needed to develop, test and later disseminate potential IPV interventions, with a focus on building actual and perceived supportive social networks.

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