scholarly journals Composition and structure of the cloud forest on Mt Delaco, Gau, Fiji

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Gunnar Keppel ◽  
Nunia T. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Tree Fern ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Composition And Structure

The composition and structure of cloud forest on Mt. Delaco (715m), Gau, Fiji Islands, is investigated using a transect following a ridge. Diameter (dbh), height, epiphyte cover and distance to the nearest neighbour were measured for each plant of 5 or more cm in dbh. A total of 42 vascular species were identified. The canopy was 3-5m tall, with Alpinia boia reaching 7m in height. The tree fern Dicksonia brackenridgei dominated the vegetation, accounting for 56% of the total basal area. Rapanea myricifolia, Hedycarya dorstenoides and Ascarina diffusa were other common species. Epiphytes were abundant and epiphyte cover for most trees was more than 50%. The most common epiphytes were Nephrolepis tuberosa and Nephrolepis saligna, Collospermum montanum, Peperomia spp., mosses and filmy ferns (Hymenophyllaceae) were other common species. A species of Freycinetia was the dominant climber. There was a moderately strong correlation between epiphyte richness and dbh of the host species (r = 0.59). The limited literature on cloud forest in the tropical insular Pacific suggests that while many taxa are shared, the species composition may vary considerably on different mountains.

Forest Regrowth on the Cumberland Plateau and Implications for Productive Management

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Cumberland Plateau ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Commercial Species

Abstract An old-growth forest and a 35-year-old, second-growth forest on the Cumberland Plateau were studied to compare species composition and structure. Species composition and total basal area of the two stands did not differ, although total stand density was 19 percent lower and basal area of commercial species was 25 percent higher in the old-growth than in the second-growth stand. Analysis of size-class distributions showed that both stands were best represented by an inverse J-shaped distribution, which best describes old-age stands. The rapid regeneration of the second-growth stand seems to be the result of minimal disturbance to accumulated nutrient pools in the soil. The importance of these accumulated nutrient pools and implications for forest management on the Cumberland Plateau are discussed.

scholarly journals Species Composition and Structure of a Northern Hardwood Stand After 61 Years of Group/Patch Selection

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Leak
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Patch Selection ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Abstract The 61-year results from a study of group/patch selection in New Hampshire (four entries, 0.5 ac average opening size) showed that this system will maintain a continued proportion of about 20% of the basal area in bitches and ash, or about one-third in all intolerant/intermediate species.The diameter distribution closely followed the J-shaped curve typical of unevenaged forests. There was a dead standing component of about 20 trees per acre including 3 sawtimber-sized stems. North. J. Appl. For: 16(3):151-153.

scholarly journals Diversity and Structure of an Arid Woodland in Southwest Angola, with Comparison to the Wider Miombo Ecoregion

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Godlee ◽  
Francisco Maiato Gonçalves ◽  
José João Tchamba ◽  
Antonio Valter Chisingui ◽  
Jonathan Ilunga Muledi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Miombo Ecoregion

Seasonally dry woodlands are the dominant land cover across southern Africa. They are biodiverse, structurally complex, and important for ecosystem service provision. Species composition and structure vary across the region producing a diverse array of woodland types. The woodlands of the Huíla plateau in southwest Angola represent the extreme southwestern extent of the miombo ecoregion and are markedly drier than other woodlands within this ecoregion. They remain understudied, however, compared to woodlands further east in the miombo ecoregion. We aimed to elucidate further the tree diversity found within southwestern Angolan woodlands by conducting a plot-based study in Bicuar National Park, comparing tree species composition and woodland structure with similar plots in Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. We found Bicuar National Park had comparatively low tree species diversity, but contained 27 tree species not found in other plots. Plots in Bicuar had low basal area, excepting plots dominated by Baikiaea plurijuga. In a comparison of plots in intact vegetation with areas previously disturbed by shifting-cultivation agriculture, we found species diversity was marginally higher in disturbed plots. Bicuar National Park remains an important woodland refuge in Angola, with an uncommon mosaic of woodland types within a small area. While we highlight wide variation in species composition and woodland structure across the miombo ecoregion, plot-based studies with more dense sampling across the ecoregion are clearly needed to more broadly understand regional variation in vegetation diversity, composition and structure.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY OF THE THREE PLANT ASSOCIATIONS IN THE SAN JUAN RIVER DELTA, CHOCÓ, COLOMBIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Alvarez-Dávila ◽  
Gabriel Camilo Jaramillo-Giraldo ◽  
Carlos Cesar Cogollo-Rivera ◽  
Hugo Martínez-Higuera ◽  
Edward Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Flood Level ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
San Juan River ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Components Analysis

ABSTRACT The forests of the Pacific Coasts of Chocó are timber suppliers for Colombia. The floodable plant associations have been poorly investigated. To contribute with ecological basis for their management, the aim of this study was to learn about the differences between the forests of three physiographies and how the flood level explains them, comparing these forests with other of the neotropic. Three parcels of 0.5 ha were stablished y and individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured. The most common species is Oenocarpus bataua in well drained zones and Campnosperma panamensis in permanently flooded or swamp. The principal components analysis separated the three communities; the first and the second components explained 48% and 26% of the total variation, respectively. There is a high species richness and density of small and medium tall trees in the terrace and hill, in contrast with the low richness in the swamp zone with hyperdominance of one species and a bigger basal area. The dominance of species well adapted to stress caused by hydric excess in the swamp evidenced an environmental filter, that determines a composition and structure particular in the swamp. The studied forests have particular characteristics that differentiate them from other forests of low tropical lands, in particular, a high tree density, less species richness and lower mean wood density compared with Amazonia forests.

Changes in the floristic composition of cerrado sensu stricto in Brazil over a nine-year period

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Maria Felfili ◽  
Alba Valéria Rezende ◽  
Manoel Cláudio Da Silva Júnior ◽  
Marco Aurélio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Composition And Structure

Changes in floristic composition and structure in a cerrado sensu stricto area were studied over a 9-y period. A sample of 19 (20-m × 50-m) permanent plots was assessed at 3-y intervals from 1985 to 1994, when all stems ≥ 5 cm at 0.30 m above the ground level were measured. There was little change in species composition over the period. Changes in density and basal area of the whole community were in the range of 5% over the 9 y. These parameters fluctuated over the years with the greatest differences found in the comparisons of 1991, 2 y after an accidental fire reached the site, with other years. The changes in density and basal area were greater than in several tropical forests, probably due to disturbances such as fire occurring at 3 to 5-y intervals. The nearly constant density and basal area suggested a highly resilient community.

scholarly journals Estructura, composición florística y diversidad de especies leñosas de un bosque mesófilo de montaña en la Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco

2017 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Enrique Valente Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Lauro López-Mata ◽  
Edmundo García-Moya ◽  
Ramón Cuevas-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Transitional Forest ◽  
Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽  
Sierra De Manantlán

In this paper we describe the structure, floristic composition and woody (tree and shrub) species diversity of a cloud forest at Cuzalapa, Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco. Two localities with four 2,500 m2 plots each were established at El Durazno and La Pareja. All species present in the plots were identified and recorded, and their diameters at breast height (DBH ≥ 3cm) and heights measured. Forest structure is described using the relative values of density and basal area; in addition, a diagram  of forest profile was drawn for each plot. Among-plot similarity was assessed with Sørensen 's Index. Species diversity was evaluated using Shannon-Wiener 's, Simpson's, and Fisher's α indexes. In the total sampled area (2 ha) 2,086 individuals  belonging to 101 species (including two new records for the flora de la Sierra de Manantlán, Sapranthus foetidus and AIchornea  latifolia), distributed in 75 genera and 44 farnilies, were recorded. The families with the largest numbers of species were:  Leguminosae (8), Solanaceae and Fagaceae (7 each), Moraceae and Compositae (6 each), Lauraceae (5), and Rubiaceae (3).  Tree density at El Durazno and La Pareja was 1,084 and 1,002 trees ha-', and basal area was 38.7 and 31.9 m2 ha-', respectively.  At both localities, Styrax radians had the highest relative importance value. Forest structure and species composition at both  localities correspond to tracks of transitional forest between early to intermediate stages, which results from recurrent anthro- pogenic disturbances such as logging 50 years ago. Species diversity in Cuzalapa is one of the highest ever recorded for cloud  forests of Mexico, which presumably is a consequence of anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Both kind of disturbances  are important forces in maintaining the structure, species composition, and high species diversity in this cloud forest.

scholarly journals Vegetation structure and biodiversity recovery in 19-year-old active restoration plantations in a Neotropical cloud forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3004
Author(s):  
Rosa-Amelia Pedraza ◽  
Guadalupe Williams-Linera ◽  
Teresa Nicolás-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Dispersal Mode ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Montane Cloud Forest ◽  
Active Restoration

Aim of the study: To evaluate how middle-aged active restoration plantations of native tree species contribute to the recovery of the tropical cloud forest in terms of vegetation structure, tree richness, species composition, and to shade-tolerance and seed dispersal mode functional groups.Area of the study: We studied two 19-year-old active restoration sites and their reference mature forests in the tropical montane cloud forest belt, Veracruz, Mexico.Materials and methods: The basal area, density and height as well as the tree species composition and number of species and individuals classified by shade tolerance (pioneer and non-pioneer trees), and seed dispersal mode (anemochorous, barochorous-synzoochorous and endozoochorous) were compared between active restoration plantations and reference forests.Main results: Planted trees and the woody vegetation growing under them represented a high proportion of reference forests’ basal area. Tree richness and Shannon’s equitability index were similar in both reference forests and one active restoration plantation and slightly different in the other. Tree species composition differed among sites; however, each 19-year-old plantation already had several non-pioneer species and a similar species proportion of the seed dispersal syndromes present in their reference forests.Research highlights: Active restoration accelerated the recovery of cloud forest in degraded pasture and bracken fern lands. Planted trees promoted the rapid development of vegetation structure and natural tree regeneration. Although species composition is still different, these middle-aged restoration plantations already have forest species and a proportion of functional groups of species similar to those of their own reference montane cloud forests.Keywords: active restoration; forest recovery; passive restoration; seed dispersal mode; succession; tree species; tropical montane cloud forest.

scholarly journals Influence of soil physicochemical parameters on species composition and structure in the Togo Plateau Forest Reserve in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-227
Author(s):  
Gilchrist K Faith Dogor ◽  
Emmanuel Acquah ◽  
Alexander K. Anning
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Vegetation Parameters ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Soil-Species correlation studies help in understanding the ecology of plateau ecosystems. However, this information is scarse thereby posing a challenge in their effective management in Ghana. Hence, the study on the influence of soil physicochemical parameters on species composition and structure in the six fringed communities which constitute the focus of the study: Bowuri (BO), Nkonya (NK), Akpafu (AK), Santrokofi (SA), Hohoe (HH) and Alavanyo (AL) in the Togo Plateau Forest Reserve in Ghana. Soil and vegetation parameters were recorded in a total of 180 plots (each measuring 25m × 25m) demarcated across the communities and analyzed. Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) results showed that pH, OC, TN, OM, TCa, TMg, TK, Na, T.E.B, ex. Acidity, ECEC, Base sat, AVI – P (ppmP), Sand and Silt were the drivers of trees, saplings and seedlings composition and structure (including density, richness, shannon, evenness and basal area (BA)) on the plateau. This vegetation attributes were seen to be highest and more correlated with soil parameters for BO, NK and AK occupying lowland areas and lowest in the SA, HH and AL occupying highland areas of the plateau. The soil is somewhat weak acidic to neutral, with a pH ranging between 4.17 and 7.06. The CV values revealed Base sat showing lowest values (c.v.<15%), with moderate (c.v.=34%-15%) for TK and highest (c.v.˃35%) for TCa, TMg, Na, T.E.B, EX. ACIDITY and ECEC, AVI-P1. This study provides a better understanding of the current status of this plateau in Ghana.

scholarly journals Weed vegetation of arable land in Slovakia: diversity and species composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Májeková ◽  
Marica Zaliberová ◽  
Iveta Škodová
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Arable Weed ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Invasive Taxa

Arable fields are among the most widespread habitats in Slovakia, but recently, there have been no studies regarding species composition and structure of weed vegetation in these fields. Therefore, we studied the structure of arable weed vegetation and detected α- and β-diversity. The dataset of 507 phytosociological relevés in different crop types contains 407 plant taxa in 46 plant families. Native plants dominated over aliens, archaeophytes dominated over neophytes, and 14 plants belonged to invasive taxa. The most common species in the dataset were <em>Tripleurospermum perforatum</em>, <em>Cirsium arvense</em>, and <em>Viola arvensis</em>. Weeds were mostly therophytes, b- and a-euhemerobic, competitors, and ruderals, reproducing by seeds and pollinated by insects. The β-diversity of weed vegetation decreased with elevation and temperature and was higher in the Pannonicum than the Carpaticum region. The highest β-diversity was established in fodder+fallow fields, followed by that in cereals and root-crop fields, and the smallest diversity was found in stubble. Beta-diversity increased from spring to summer and slightly decreased again in fall. Detrended correspondence analysis indicated that the major compositional turnover of weed vegetation was related to light, temperature, moisture, and elevation. Weed vegetation constitutes an important habitat in the landscape that provides refuge to many threatened plants, and this vegetation has important functions in the agro-ecosystem food chain.

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