Effects of application of poppy waste on spinach yields, soil properties, and soil carbon sequestration in southern Tasmania

Production of fresh market salad and lettuce in southern Tasmania has reduced soil organic carbon levels, resulting in the development of surface crusts, erosion, and poor water infiltration. Options for increasing soil organic carbon under this production system are limited by strict food safety protocols which prohibit the use of composts or ‘animal’-based waste products. Poppy waste was identified as a suitable seed-free, inexpensive source of non-animal-based organic carbon. Trials were established on a Chromosol to evaluate the effects of poppy waste incorporation on soil organic carbon and production of Bocane spinach (Spinach oleracea). Application of 50–200 m3/ha of poppy waste resulted in significant yield loss (up to 57%) of seedlings planted within 8 weeks following waste incorporation. It was speculated that yield loss resulted from nitrogen drawdown; however, soil analyses demonstrated that yield loss resulted from a combination of increased soil pH and soil salinity (EC). The 200 m3/ha treatment increased soil pHwater from 7.2 before application to 8.5 and 7.7, at 4 and 22 weeks after application. Soil EC1 : 5 increased from 0.15 dS/m before application to 0.45 dS/m at 2 weeks after application, before returning to 0.15 dS/m at 22 weeks. Application of poppy waste at 200 m3/ha significantly increased soil organic carbon from 1.24% to 1.57%; however, applications at lower rates were not significant. The carbon sequestration efficiency from poppy waste to soil organic carbon was calculated to be approximately 0.20.

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A Comparative Study of Rotation Patterns on Soil Organic Carbon in China’s Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10020160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chen Wei ◽

Jan F. Adamowski ◽

Yujia Liu ◽

Yongkai Zhang ◽

Chunfang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽

Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽

Sequestration Potential ◽

Potato Rotation

The practice of crop rotation can significantly impact carbon sequestration potential. In exploring whether crop rotation has the potential to improve soil carbon sequestration in China’s Loess Plateau, soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water content (SWC), soil bulk density (SBD), and soil pH were compared across the 0–1.0 m soil profile, under four crop rotation patterns: lentil–wheat–maize, wheat–potato–lentil, wheat–maize–potato, and wheat–flax–pea. The lentil–wheat–maize and wheat–maize–potato rotations have been practiced over the past 20 years, while the wheat–potato–lentil and wheat–flax–pea rotations were established in 1978 (~40 year rotations). The results showed that under the 20-year lentil–wheat–maize rotation, SOC was not significantly different to that of the wheat–maize–potato rotation, at 6.81 g kg−1 and 6.91 g kg−1, respectively. However, under the lentil–wheat–maize rotation, SWC (9.81%) and SBD (1.19 Mg m−3) were significantly higher, but soil pH (8.42) was significantly lower than the same metrics under wheat–maize–potato rotation (8.43% and 1.16 Mg m−3, and 8.50, respectively). For the 40-year rotations, SWC (9.19%) and soil pH (8.41) under the wheat–potato–lentil were not significantly different to that of the wheat–flax–pea (8.87%, and 8.40, respectively). SOC (6.06 g kg−1) was significantly lower, but SBD (1.18 Mg m−3) was significantly higher under the wheat–potato–lentil than the wheat–flax–pea (7.29 g kg−1, and 1.15 Mg m−3, respectively) rotations. Soil carbon sequestration for the lentil–wheat–maize and wheat–potato–lentil rotations was co-influenced by SWC, SBD, and soil pH, while for wheat–maize–potato and wheat–flax–pea rotations, it was co-influenced by SWC and soil pH. The economic value of the four studied crops is, in order: potato > maize > wheat > flax. The results of the present study suggest that the lentil–wheat–maize and maize–flax–pea rotations are the most suitable patterns to optimize simultaneous economic and ecological development of the study area.

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Soil organic carbon storage by shaded and unshaded coffee systems and its implications for climate change mitigation in China

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185962100006x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ziwei Xiao ◽

Xuehui Bai ◽

Mingzhu Zhao ◽

Kai Luo ◽

Hua Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

Soil N ◽

And Storage

Abstract Shaded coffee systems can mitigate climate change by fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in soil. Understanding soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and the factors influencing SOC in coffee plantations are necessary for the development of sound land management practices to prevent land degradation and minimize SOC losses. This study was conducted in the main coffee-growing regions of Yunnan; SOC concentrations and storage of shaded and unshaded coffee systems were assessed in the top 40 cm of soil. Relationships between SOC concentration and factors affecting SOC were analysed using multiple linear regression based on the forward and backward stepwise regression method. Factors analysed were soil bulk density (ρb), soil pH, total nitrogen of soil (N), mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual moisture (MAM), mean annual precipitation (MAP) and elevations (E). Akaike's information criterion (AIC), coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and residual sum of squares (RSS) were used to describe the accuracy of multiple linear regression models. Results showed that mean SOC concentration and storage decreased significantly with depth under unshaded coffee systems. Mean SOC concentration and storage were higher in shaded than unshaded coffee systems at 20–40 cm depth. The correlations between SOC concentration and ρb, pH and N were significant. Evidence from the multiple linear regression model showed that soil bulk density (ρb), soil pH, total nitrogen of soil (N) and climatic variables had the greatest impact on soil carbon storage in the coffee system.

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Historical advances in the study of global terrestrial soil organic carbon sequestration

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2007.09.022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 734-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

C. Feller ◽

M. Bernoux

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon Sequestration

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Challenges and Potentials for Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration in Forage and Grazing Systems

Rangeland Ecology & Management ◽

10.1016/j.rama.2020.04.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 786-795

Author(s):

Reshmi Sarkar ◽

Vanessa Corriher-Olson ◽

Charles Long ◽

Anil Somenahally

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration ◽

Grazing Systems ◽

Organic Carbon Sequestration

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Soil greenhouse gas fluxes from different tree species on Taihang Mountain, North China

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-11-1649-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1649-1666 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

X. P. Liu ◽

W. J. Zhang ◽

C. S. Hu ◽

X. G. Tang

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Tree Species ◽

Soil Bulk Density ◽

Total N ◽

Gas Fluxes ◽

Greenhouse Gas Fluxes

Abstract. The objectives of this study were to investigate seasonal variation of greenhouse gas fluxes from soils on sites dominated by plantation (Robinia pseudoacacia, Punica granatum, and Ziziphus jujube) and natural regenerated forests (Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, Leptodermis oblonga, and Bothriochloa ischcemum), and to identify how tree species, litter exclusion, and soil properties (soil temperature, soil moisture, soil organic carbon, total N, soil bulk density, and soil pH) explained the temporal and spatial variation in soil greenhouse gas fluxes. Fluxes of greenhouse gases were measured using static chamber and gas chromatography techniques. Six static chambers were randomly installed in each tree species. Three chambers were randomly designated to measure the impacts of surface litter exclusion, and the remaining three were used as a control. Field measurements were conducted biweekly from May 2010 to April 2012. Soil CO2 emissions from all tree species were significantly affected by soil temperature, soil moisture, and their interaction. Driven by the seasonality of temperature and precipitation, soil CO2 emissions demonstrated a clear seasonal pattern, with fluxes significantly higher during the rainy season than during the dry season. Soil CH4 and N2O fluxes were not significantly correlated with soil temperature, soil moisture, or their interaction, and no significant seasonal differences were detected. Soil organic carbon and total N were significantly positively correlated with CO2 and N2O fluxes. Soil bulk density was significantly negatively correlated with CO2 and N2O fluxes. Soil pH was not correlated with CO2 and N2O emissions. Soil CH4 fluxes did not display pronounced dependency on soil organic carbon, total N, soil bulk density, and soil pH. Removal of surface litter significantly decreased in CO2 emissions and CH4 uptakes. Soils in six tree species acted as sinks for atmospheric CH4. With the exception of Ziziphus jujube, soils in all tree species acted as sinks for atmospheric N2O. Tree species had a significant effect on CO2 and N2O releases but not on CH4 uptake. The lower net global warming potential in natural regenerated vegetation suggested that natural regenerated vegetation were more desirable plant species in reducing global warming.

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