Humoral Immunity to Myxoma Virus in Wild Rabbits.

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Wetherall ◽  
DE Clay ◽  
DR King
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Myxoma Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Virus Antibody ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antibody Levels

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect antibody to myxoma virus in serum of rabbits. In ten laboratory rabbits vaccinated with attenuated myxoma virus, antibody levels were seen to increase for four weeks, after which they declined. Antibody levels in a large number of wild rabbits collected at Cape Naturaliste area, Western Australia, in 1974 were high, following an outbreak of myxomatosis. When serum samples from the same population were tested in 1978, levels of antibody were low. Using gel filtration chromatography, the main anti-myxoma virus antibody activity seemed to be in the IgG fraction, although IgM and IgA were also present.

scholarly journals Single-Dilution Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Quantification of Antigen-Specific Salmonid Antibody

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart W. Alcorn ◽  
Ronald J. Pascho
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Test Fish ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed on the basis of testing a single dilution of serum to quantify the level of antibody to the p57 protein of Renibacterium salmoninarum in sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka). The levels of antibody were interpolated from a standard curve constructed by relating the optical densities (OD) produced by several dilutions of a high-titer rainbow trout ( O. mykiss) antiserum to the p57 protein. The ELISA OD values produced by as many as 36 test sera on each microplate were compared with the standard curve to calculate the antigen-specific antibody activity. Repeated measurements of 36 samples on 3 microplates on each of 6 assay dates indicated that the mean intraassay coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.68% (range, 0–23%) and the mean interassay CV was 8.29% (range, 4–16%). The antibody levels determined for the serum sample from 24 sockeye salmon vaccinated with a recombinant p57 protein generally were correlated with the levels determined by endpoint titration ( r2 = 0.936) and with results from another ELISA that was based on extrapolation of antibody levels from a standard curve ( r2 = 0.956). The single-dilution antibody ELISA described here increases the number of samples that can be tested on each microplate compared with immunoassays based on analysis of several dilutions of each test serum. It includes controls for interassay standardization and can be used to test fish weighing <3 g.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of feline panleukopenia VP2 subunit antigen in comparison to hemagglutination inhibition assay to monitor tiger antibody levels by Bayesian approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanakan Areewong ◽  
Amarin Rittipornlertrak ◽  
Boondarika Nambooppha ◽  
Itsarapan Fhaikrue ◽  
Tawatchai Singhla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Feline Panleukopenia Virus ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Background: Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is an etiologic pathogen of feline panleukopenia that infects all members of Felidae including tigers (Panthera tigris). Vaccination against FPV among wild felid species has long been practiced in zoos worldwide. However, few studies have assessed tiger immune response post-vaccination due to the absence of a serological diagnostic tool. To address these limitations, this study aimed to develop an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the monitoring of tiger antibody levels against the feline panleukopenia vaccine by employing the synthesized subunit capsid protein VP2. An in-house horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated rabbit anti-tiger immunoglobulin G (IgG) polyclonal antibody (HRP-anti-tiger IgG) was produced in this study and employed in the assay. It was then compared to a commercial HRP-conjugated goat anti-cat IgG (HRP-anti-cat IgG). Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using the Bayesian model with conditional dependence being assumed between both HRP-conjugated antibody-based ELISAs and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests. Results: The posterior estimates for sensitivity and specificity of two indirect ELISA HRP-conjugated antibodies were higher than those of the HI test. The sensitivity and specificity of indirect ELISA for HRP-anti-tiger IgG and HRP-anti-cat IgG were 86.5%, 57.2% and 86.7%, 64.6%, respectively, while the results of the HI test were 79.1 and 54.1%. In applications, 89.6% (198/221) of tiger serum samples were determined to be seropositive by indirect ELISA testing. Conclusion: The results support evidence that an in-house indirect ELISA developed in this study could be used as a serological tool for the effective detection of tiger antibodies.

scholarly journals Serological Evaluation of Specific-Antibody Levels in Patients Treated for Chronic Chagas' Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sánchez Negrette ◽  
Fernando J. Sánchez Valdéz ◽  
Carlos D. Lacunza ◽  
María Fernanda García Bustos ◽  
María Celia Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Recombinant Antigens ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT Serological tests are the main laboratory procedures used for diagnosis during the indeterminate and chronic stages of Chagas' disease. A serological regression to negativity is the main criterion used to define parasitological cure in treated patients. The aim of this work was to monitor the individual specificities of antibody levels for 3 years posttreatment in 18 adult patients. Conventional serological techniques (hemagglutination assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) were modified by using recombinant antigens to detect early markers of treatment effectiveness. For this purpose, serum samples were taken before and during treatment and every 6 months after treatment for at least 3 years. When hemagglutination assays were used, a decrease in antibody levels was observed in only one patient. When ELISA with serum dilutions was used, antibody clearance became much more apparent: in 77.7% (14/18) of the patients, antibody titers became negative with time. This was observed at serum dilutions of 1/320 and occurred between the 6th and the 30th months posttreatment. The immune response and the interval for a serological regression to negativity were different for each patient. For some of the recombinant antigens, only 50% (9/18) of the patients reached the serological regression to negativity. Recombinant antigen 13 might be a good marker of treatment effectiveness, since 66.6% (six of nine) of the patients presented with an early regression to negativity for specific antibodies to this antigen (P = 0.002).

Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of rotavirus antibodies with complement fixation in an epidemiological survey

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-276
Author(s):  
L H Ghose ◽  
R D Schnagl ◽  
I H Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Enzyme Reaction ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Marker Enzyme ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels

The development of a micro-scale enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with horseradish peroxidase as the marker enzyme for the detection and measurement of human rotavirus antibodies is described. A semipurified preparation of the serologically related simian agent, SA-11 virus, was used as the antigen. Test sera were reacted with antigen-sensitized wells in disposable poly-vinyl microplates. Any attached antibody was detected by the addition of peroxidase-labeled anti-species immunoglobulin (conjugate) followed by assay of the enzyme reaction with its substrate, hydrogen peroxide plus 5-aminosalicylic acid. This micro-ELISA was compared with complement fixation in a seroepidemiological study of the age prevalence of rotavirus antibody in Aboriginal and European populations living in the same outback area in Australia. The ELISA (results read with the naked eye) proved to be approximately 16 times more sensitive than complement fixation. Of Aborigines, 71% had rotavirus complement-fixing antibody, as compared to 45% of Europeans. By ELISA 100% of both populations had rotavirus antibodies. Mean antibody titers in the different age groups were higher in Aborigines than in Europeans. Antibody levels rose steeply throughout the first 20 years of life, remained high during the next 20 years, then increased again at least up to the age of 60 years. The micro-ELISA was practical, simple to perform, and more suitable than complement fixation for large seroepidemiological rotavirus studies. It also has potential for serodiagnosis of the disease, both in the laboratory and in the field.

scholarly journals Prevalence of feline coronavirus antibodies in cats in Bursa province, Turkey, by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 881-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Pratelli ◽  
Kadir Yesilbag ◽  
Marcello Siniscalchi ◽  
Ebru Yalçm ◽  
Zeki Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
High Association ◽  
Gold Standard Test ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Feline sera from Bursa province (Turkey) were assayed for coronavirus antibody using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study was performed on 100 sera collected from cats belonging to catteries or community shelters and to households. The serum samples were initially tested with the virus neutralisation (VN) test and the results were then compared with the ELISA. The VN yielded 79 negative and 21 positive sera but the ELISA confirmed only 74 as negative. The ELISA-negative sera were also found to be free of feline coronoviruses-specific antibodies by Western blotting. Using the VN as the gold standard test, ELISA had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.6%, with an overall agreement of 95%. The Kappa (κ) test indicated high association between the two tests (κ=0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.743–0.980). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 0.8, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.93. The prevalence of FCoV II antibodies in the sampled population based on the gold standard was 62% (95% CI 0.44–0.77) among multi-cat environments, and 4% (95% CI 0.01–0.11) among single cat households.

scholarly journals Antibody level of New Zealand children immunized with the triple vaccine DTP (diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis)

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. H Lau
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Level ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Immunization Strategy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

SUMMARYEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were used to measure IgG antibody levels in 2638 New Zealand children who had been immunized with the triple vaccine DTP. The percentage of children immune to diphtheria decreased with age. The percentage of children immune to tetanus varied from 67.1 to 55.0%. The percentage of children with measurable antibody to pertussis increased with age. The mean percentages of children with measurable antibody or immunity to one or more DTP components were 34.2% (with 3 components), 34.4% (2 components), and 78.1% (1 component). It appears the immunization strategy for diphtheria and tetanus is satisfactory for herd immunity in New Zealand children. However, the current pertussis strategy may not be providing adequate immunity to 5-year-olds in this country.

scholarly journals Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Antibody to Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease of Deer Virus

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Mecham ◽  
Michael M. Jochim
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
The Us ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Infected Cells

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed to detect antibodies to epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer virus (EHDV). The assay incorporates a monoclonal antibody to EHDV serotype 2 (EHDV-2) that demonstrates specificity for the viral structural protein, VP7. The assay was evaluated with sequential sera collected from cattle experimentally infected with EHDV serotype 1 (EHDV-1) and EHDV-2, as well as the four serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV), BTV-10, BTV-11, BTV-13, and BTV-17, that currently circulate in the US. A competitive and a blocking format as well as the use of antigen produced from both EHDV-1-and EHDV-2-infected cells were evaluated. The assay was able to detect specific antibody as early as 7 days after infection and could differentiate animals experimentally infected with EHDV from those experimentally infected with BTV. The diagnostic potential of this assay was demonstrated with field-collected serum samples from cattle, deer, and buffalo.

scholarly journals Analysis of Specific Immunoglobulin G Subclass Antibodies for Serological Diagnosis of Echinococcosis by a Standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Grimm ◽  
Friedrich E. Maly ◽  
Jian Lü ◽  
Roberto Llano
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Specific Igg4 ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The potential roles of specific antibodies of the different immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in the serological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) were investigated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on hydatid fluid as antigen. Specific antibodies of subclass 1 were found to be of major importance. In sera collected at the time of diagnosis (i.e., before any therapeutic intervention was initiated) they could be demonstrated in 14 of 15 sera from patients with CE and in all 12 sera from patients with AE. The most discriminatory and the most specific antibodies found in this study belonged to IgG subclass 4. Only one false-positive reaction was observed with 253 sera from healthy volunteers, and no cross-reactions occurred in 80 sera from patients with different parasitic infections. Specific IgG4 antibodies could be demonstrated in 61.0 to 66.7% (CE) or 47.6 to 66.7% (AE) of the cases. Antibody levels of IgG subclass 2 were elevated only moderately, and subclass 3 antibodies were detected in a few cases only. In addition, nonspecific reactions in sera of healthy volunteers or patients with other parasitic infections could partially be attributed to antibodies of subclasses 2 and 3.

scholarly journals Development of a Smartphone-Based Nanozyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Quantitative Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein in Blood

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochao Liu ◽  
Ze Wu ◽  
Chaolan Liang ◽  
Jinhui Lu ◽  
Jinfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Control Samples

Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although viral nucleic acid test (NAT) has been applied predominantly to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA for confirmation diagnosis of COVID-19, an urgent need for alternative, rapid, and sensitive immunoassays is required for primary screening of virus. In this study, we developed a smartphone-based nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SP-NLISA) for detecting the specific nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP) of SARS-CoV-2 in 37 serum samples from 20 COVID-19 patients who were diagnosed by NAT previously. By using SP-NLISA, 28/37 (75.7%) serum samples were detected for NP antigens and no cross-reactivity with blood donors’ control samples collected from different areas of China. In a control assay using the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), only 7/37 (18.91%) serum samples were detected for NP antigens and no cross-reactivity with control samples. SP-NLISA could be used for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 NP antigen in primary screening of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of heterologous prime/booster-inactivated and adenoviral-vectored COVID-19 vaccine: real-world data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasamon Wanlapakorn ◽  
Nungruthai Suntronwong ◽  
Harit Phowatthanasathian ◽  
Ritthideach Yorsang ◽  
Thanunrat Thongmee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Vectored Vaccine ◽  
Sera Samples

Abstract Limited data are available on the responses to heterologous vaccine regimens for SARS-CoV-2, especially among countries using inactivated and adenoviral-vectored vaccines. A total of 77 participants who received heterologous prime/booster-inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and adenoviral-vectored vaccine were enrolled in our study. There were two comparison groups vaccinated with the homologous CoronaVac (N = 79) and AZD1222 (N = 80) regimen. All sera samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding-domain (RBD) IgG using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The neutralizing activity in a subset of serum samples was tested against the original Wuhan strain and variants of concern, B.1.1.7 and B.1.351, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). The CoronaVac followed by the AZD1222 vaccine induced higher levels of spike RBD-specific IgG than that of two-dose CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccines (p < 0.001). Sera samples of the CoronaVac/AZD1222 vaccine recipients elicited higher neutralizing antibody activity against the original Wuhan and the B.1.351 strain than in the recipients of the two-dose CoronaVac or AZD1222. Following the inactivated CoronaVac/adenoviral-vectored (AZD1222) vaccination administered 14–72 days apart, participants receiving the heterologous vaccine regimen had higher spike RBD-specific IgG and neutralizing activities than the homologous CoronaVac vaccine recipients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document