Nesting Requirements of the Yellow-Tailed Black-Cockatoo, Calyptorhynchus Funereus, in Eucalyptus Regnans Forest, and Implications for Forest Management.

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Nelson ◽  
BJ Morris
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Wildlife Corridors ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Rotation Time ◽  
Mean Diameter

The nesting requirements of the yellow-tailed black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus funereus) were studied at 68 sites in Eucalyptus regnans forest in the Strzelecki Ranges, South Gippsland, Victoria. Nest trees were located and their characteristics related to forest stand variables. Eighteen nest hollows were found. Nest trees had a mean diameter at breast height of 2.5 m, a mean estimated age of 221 years, a mean height of 58 m and for live nest trees a mean crown diameter of 22 m. The currently proposed rotation time for silvicultural systems of 80-150 years will reduce the number of hollow-bearing trees suitable for nesting yellow-tailed black-cockatoos. Adequate numbers of trees must be retained in logged areas and wildlife corridors and reserves, and protected to ensure a continual supply for yellow-tailed black-cockatoos and other hollow-dependent species. If agonistic behaviour is operating between female yellow-tailed black-cockatoos, nesting potential may be enhanced if trees retained on coupes are evenly distributed rather than clumped. Silvicultural systems that facilitate the protection of trees retained on coupes would benefit the conservation of the yellow-tailed black-cockatoo.

Individual Tree Parameters Estimation from Terrestrial Laser Scanner Data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Popovas ◽  
Valentas Mikalauskas ◽  
Dominykas Šlikas ◽  
Simonas Valotka ◽  
Tautvydas Šorys
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Parameters Estimation ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Breast Height

Tree models and information on the various characteristics of trees and forests are required for forest management, city models, carbon accounting and the management of assets. In order to get precise characteristics and information, tree modelling must be done at individual tree level as it represents the interaction process between trees. For sustainable forest management, more information is needed, however, the traditional methods of investigating forest parameters such as, tree height, diameter at breast height, crown diameter, stem curve and stem mapping or tree location are complex and labour-intensive. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been proposed as a suitable technique for mapping of forest biomass. LiDAR can be operated in airborne configuration (Airborne laser scanning) or in a terrestrial setup. Terrestrial Laser Scanner measures forests from below canopy and offers a much more detailed description of the individual trees. The aim of this study is to derive the essential tree parameters for estimation of biomass from terrestrial LiDAR data. Tree height, diameter at breast height, crown diameter, stem curve and tree locations were extracted from Terrestrial Laser Scanner point clouds.

scholarly journals Interactive Trunk Extraction from Forest Point Cloud

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-5 ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
T. Mizoguchi ◽  
Y. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

For forest management or monitoring, it is required to constantly measure several parameters of each tree, such as height, diameter at breast height, and trunk volume. Terrestrial laser scanner has been used for this purpose instead of human workers to reduce time and cost for the measurement. In order to use point cloud captured by terrestrial laser scanner in the above applications, it is an important step to extract all trees or their trunks separately. For this purpose, we propose an interactive system in which a user can intuitively and efficiently extract each trunk by a simple editing on the distance image created from the point cloud. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed system from various experiments.

scholarly journals Reproductive phenology of Uspí tree Couepia polyandra (Kunth) Rose (Chrysobalanaceae) in Campeche, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol de Mayo A. Mejenes-López ◽  
Gustavo E. Mendoza-Arroyo ◽  
Manuel Marín-Quintero ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Chiquini-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Dependent Variables

Objective. To describe reproductive phenological stages, since the formation of flower buds, flowering, fruiting, up to the formation of the ripe fruit and foliation of 21 Couepia polyandra trees; and correlation of allometric data of tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and crown diameter, as well as the correlation of precipitation with reproductive phenology data. Methodology. The description of the reproductive phenology (foliage, formation of flower buds, flowers, fruits) was done by direct monthly observation with a digital camera (Canon SX60HS, 65). The correlation among precipitation, allometry, and types of soils where the trees grow was calculated by recording data from each tree by measuring height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and foliage. Results. The highest tree was 21.0 m; the widest DBH measured 68 cm; and the greater crown diameter was 34.45 m; the overall averages were 10.38 m, 33.17 cm and 9.37 m, respectively. A significant correlation was found between height and DBH (r=0.91, p<0.05); the correlations for the variables Height-Crown and DBH-Crown were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusions. Water as a factor is responsible for the formation of inflorescence and fruit; determining that these phenological events are dependent variables with precipitation, highlighting a mean positive relation with the growth of flowers.

scholarly journals Regeneration of five commercially-valuable tree species after experimental logging in an Amazonian forest

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertina Pimentel Lima ◽  
Odilon Pimentel de Lima ◽  
William Ernest Magnusson ◽  
Niro Higuchi ◽  
Francisco Quintiliano Reis
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Amazonian Forest ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

This study investigated the regeneration variation of five commercially valuable tree species in relation to different intensities of felling in fourteen 4-ha plots in an area under experimental forest management. This experiment was carried out in a typical Amazonian tropical forest sample on "terra-firme," in Manaus (AM). Plots were logged 7 and 8 years (1987 and 1988), or 3 years (1993) before the study. All trees with height greater than 2 m, and diameter at breast height (DBH) smaller than 10 cm were measured. Only Aniba hostmanniana, Ocotea aciphylla, Licaria pachycarpa, Eschweilera coriacea and Goupia glabra were sufficiently common for individual analyses. These species have high timber values in the local market. Eight years after logging, the species responded differently to logging intensities. The numbers of individuals of Goupia glabra and Aniba hostmanniana were positively related to the intensity of logging, while Ocotea aciphylla, Licaria pachycarpa, and Eschweilera coriacea showed no statistically significant response. In the most recently (1993) logged areas, Goupia glabra and Aniba hostmanniana had higher numbers of individuals than the control plots.

scholarly journals Floristic Structure of Fire Experimental Plots of Olokemeji Forest Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1861-1865
Author(s):  
DM Taiwo ◽  
OR Olatidoye ◽  
OR Jeminiwa ◽  
TO Oyebola ◽  
C Omonu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Floristic Structure

Total enumeration of tree species was carried out fire experimental plot of Olokemeji forest reserve for relative importance value (RIV) mean heights, mean diameter at breast height and mean basal area. Three investigative plot (Plot A, B and C) were established. Plot A which represents Early Burn is burnt annually during the dry season while Plot B was burnt annually during the rainy season when the trees are still wet and Plot C serves as the protected area. Gmelina arborea had the highest relative importance value (28.31), this is followed by Dalbergia sissoo which had RIV of 10.94. Plot C recorded the highest frequency of trees with the highest tree heights, this is closely followed by Plot A and Plot B being the plot with the lowest mean height. Plot C has the highest mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees and it is followed by Plot B and Plot A with very close mean DBH. The highest mean basal area was also recorded in Plot C, the highest total basal area and tree volume was also recorded at Plot C as 32.2 m2 ha-1 and 188.8 m3. The size distribution of tree species depicts that Plot C has been protected just as expected Keywords: Forest, Structure, Flora, Dynamics, Fire

scholarly journals A comparison of lower montane natural forest (Abies, Fagus, Picea) in Oszast Reserve and spruce monocultures in the Żywiecki Beskid and Śląski Beskid

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jaworski ◽  
Maciej Pach
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Dbh Distribution ◽  
Spruce Mortality

Abstract The aim of this research was to find out what changes occurred between 1999-2009 in Oszast reserve in the volume, species composition and diameter at breast height (dbh) distribution of the forest stand, and the number and height of regeneration. The objective was to determine what would be condition of these managed lower montane multispecies forest stands (Swiss irregular shelterwood method or selection cuttings) and what role spruce would play in them if they have not been replaced by spruce monocultures. The research was conducted on three permanent circular sample plots (s.p.), each had size of 1/3 ha. Over 10 years, standing volume of the forest stand increased on s.p. 1 (from around 562 m3/ha to 649 m3/ha) and s.p. 3. (from 653 m3/ha to 660 m3/ha), while decreased on s.p. 2. (from 421 m3/ha to 378 m3/ha). The species composition, defined on the basis of volume share (averaged for the three s.p. jointly), did not undergo consistent changes. However, the relative dominance of beech over spruce was determined based on tree numbers. The average spruce mortality (averaged from three s.p.) did not exceed 10% and was slightly higher than that of beech (6%), and lower than fir mortality (15%). Nevertheless, spruce did not show any symptoms of dieback. The reasons behind its mortality were fallen trees and windbreaks. In regeneration, on the whole, beech or sycamore predominated, and the proportion of spruce and fir was small. In the future spruce and fir may even decrease further by competitive ability of dynamically regenerating beech. Abandonment of forest management to promote greater diversity of species, may favour the formation of beech monocultures, or forest stands dominated by beech, everywhere that beech is already present or will be introduced. The maintenance of stable, multispecies forest stands, with co-dominant fir, beech and spruce of native origin, requires natural or artificial regeneration of spruce and fir, manipulated to restore fir up to about 30%, and reduce spruce down to about 40%. This would be possible through the use of the Swiss irregular shelterwood method and selection system, and by continuous tending of regeneration

The Relationship of Diameter at Breast Height and Crown Diameter for Four Species Groups in Hardin County, Tennessee

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Gering ◽  
Dennis M. May
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Forest Experiment Station ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Time Required

Abstract A set of simple linear regression models for predicting diameter at breast height (dbh) from crown diameter and a set of similar models for predicting crown diameter from dbh were developed for four species groups in Hardin County, TN. Data were obtained from 557 trees measured during the 1989 USDA Southern Forest Experiment Station survey of the forests of Tennessee, with supplemental aerial photographic observations. Estimates of individual tree crown diameter were obtained from ground measurements and from measurements made on 9 X 9 in. color aerial photographs (with nominal scale of 1:4,800) taken during the fall color season. In practice, users of aerial photographs can estimate dbh by measuring crown diameter, converting it to feet using the photo scale, and applying the appropriate equation. Similarly, crown diameter can be estimated from a ground measurement of dbh. This procedure may be useful in reducing the time required for field measurements. It may also be used to calculate crown diameters for datasets that include dbh but no direct measurement of crown attributes. South. J. Appl. For. 19(4):177-181.

A stepwise approach for deriving timber assortment of trees from Terrestrial Laser Scanning data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Alvites ◽  
Giovanni Santopuoli ◽  
Markus Hollaus ◽  
Norbert Pfeifer ◽  
Mauro Maesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Mediterranean Forests ◽  
Reconstruction Accuracy ◽  
Stepwise Approach ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Standing Trees

&lt;p&gt;Forest ecosystems represent an important source of income for landowners and at the same time an important source of ecosystem services for the society. Quantitative and qualitative information about timber assortments are particularly important to support sustainable forest management, representing a crucial prerequisite for active forest management. To date, the most accurate methods for assessing the timber assortments availability within forest stands are destructives, and the development of an effective method for deriving these estimates on standing trees is highly needed. This is particularly more evident for mixed forests, which are often subject of the conflict between conservation and productive functions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study aims to introduce a stepwise approach for timber assortment estimation and classification using TLS data. The approach consists of four steps: a) timber-leave discrimination, b) tree detection, c) stem reconstruction, and d) timber assortment estimation and classification. The study was carried out in a mixed tree-species and multi-layered Mediterranean forests, observing 178 trees of twelve different species, wherein 66 out of 178 were large trees, with a diameter at breast height higher than 20 cm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results indicate that the discrimination between timber and leaves reached 0.98 for accuracy using Random Forest algorithm. All trees with a diameter at breast height higher than 30 cm were correctly identified. The overall detection accuracy was 84.40 % (SD&amp;#177; = 4.7%). Best detection accuracy was found for A. lobelii, S. torminalis, F. excelsior, Q. cerris, A. campestre and F. sylvatica (higher than 84.3%) tree species. 47 out of 66 detected large stems were correctly reconstructed. The stepwise approach allows to classify 168 logs (134 merchantable logs and 34 non-merchantable) extracted from 47 stems through the automatic functions (i.e. cylinder-fitting approach), with an accuracy ranging between 75% (134 out of 179 reference merchantable logs) and 85% (34 out of 40 reference merchantable logs). The overall reconstruction accuracy was 71.40 % (SD&amp;#177; = 17.1%). Best reconstruction accuracy was found for Q. cerris, A. opalus and F. excelsior (higher than 43.5%). Concerning the timber assortment 134 out of 179 merchantable logs were classified in one of the 15 assortment types (i.e. A+, A0, A-). The whole predicted logs were classified in 11 assortment types, so eleven out of 15 assortment types were correctly matched between predicted and reference data. The classification of merchantable logs was more accurate for eight assortment types (A-, B-, B0, B+, C-, D-, D+ and Fuelwood-), which was &amp;#177;2 merchantable logs. The abovementioned results support the feasibility of this stepwise approach for calculating the timber assortment of standing trees, ensuring the valorisation of the productivity of forest characterized by tree species richness and heterogeneous stand structure.&lt;/p&gt;

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