Factors affecting female reproductive success and the survival of pouch young in the threatened brush-tailed rock-wallaby, Petrogale penicillata

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi M. Wynd ◽  
Dominique P. Sigg ◽  
Anthony R. Pople ◽  
Stephanie L. Hazlitt ◽  
Anne W. Goldizen
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Breeding Performance ◽  
Female Reproductive Success ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Species Management ◽  
Birth Peak

Knowledge of factors affecting the survival of individuals and their reproductive success is essential for threatened species management, but studies assessing these factors are lacking for many threatened rock-wallaby species. In this study we investigated the factors influencing the breeding performance of females and the survival of pouch young in a wild colony of the threatened brush-tailed rock-wallaby. Individuals were trapped between October 2000 and April 2004. More than 50% of the females in the colony were breeding below their full potential and giving birth to only one offspring per year. Most females within the colony bred in synchrony, with a substantial birth peak evident during autumn. Pouch young born in autumn left the pouch during spring and were weaned during summer and autumn when forage was most abundant. Pouch young born during the autumn birth peak or in winter had a substantially higher probability of surviving through to pouch emergence than those born during spring or summer. This study provides demographic parameters that may be used in population models and for comparison with other populations, particularly those that are small and declining. To optimise reproductive success in reintroduction programs, females in good condition and with small pouch young should be released at the end of the wettest season.

Social, maternal, and environmental influences on reproductive success in female Alpine marmots (Marmota marmota)

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2137-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy J King ◽  
Dominique Allainé
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Female Reproductive Success ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marmota Marmota ◽  
The Social ◽  
Successful Production

We examined the social, maternal, and environmental factors affecting the reproductive success of female Alpine marmots (Marmota marmota) during 8 years in the French Alps. Successful production of juveniles was almost entirely limited to dominant females. Production of juveniles increased with maternal body condition and experience. Female body condition was positively correlated with body mass and negatively correlated with dominant-male takeovers in spring, while experience increased with age. We found little evidence for a pregnancy block with takeover of dominant males because male replacement occurred mostly after mid-May, when juveniles were susceptible to infanticide. Production of yearlings depended on the number of juveniles produced, dominant-male takeovers in summer, and exposure of the site. We found no significant influence of group size or composition on production of yearlings. Climatic conditions varied little and had no measurable effect on reproduction. Social factors such as female dominance and dominant-male takeovers that could lead to infanticide have a strong effect on female reproductive success in Alpine marmots.

What makes a good mate? Factors influencing male and female reproductive success in a polyphagous moth

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Muller ◽  
Denis Thiéry ◽  
Sébastien Motreuil ◽  
Jérôme Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Female Reproductive Success ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Influencing

Breeding, cub survival, and female reproductive success

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.L. Mills ◽  
M.E.J. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Female Reproductive Success ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Birth Peak ◽  
Weak Tendency

Cheetahs are aseasonal breeders, with a weak tendency towards seasonality corresponding to the birth peak in springbok lambs. Cub survival from birth to adolescence was 31.3% compared with 4.8% in the Serengeti. Predation was the major cause of cub mortality in the den, but it was usually impossible to identify the predator. The low survival of cheetah cubs recorded on the Serengeti Plains may be exceptional; in the den, apart from predation, starvation through desertion due to the migratory nature of the prey may sometimes occur; on leaving the den the extremely open landscape may make them especially vulnerable to predation compared with other areas. The mean period between a female losing cubs prematurely, or raising them to independence, until she gave birth again was 3.9 ± 1.6 months. The minimum mean number of cubs raised by a female in her lifetime was 3.5 ± 3.3. This appears to be higher than in the Serengeti.

Customer’s satisfaction on service quality at Vietnam Technological and Commercial Joint Stock Bank – An Giang Branch

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Tran Minh Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Duong Ngoc Mai Chi
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Development Orientation

This study applied SERVQUAL scale of Parasuraman et al to measure factors affecting customer satisfaction on service quality at Vietnam Technological and Commercial Joint Stock Bank - An Giang Branch (Techcombank An Giang). The study was conducted to survey 207 customers who have been using the service at Techcombank An Giang. The survey results were analyzed by the Cronbach's Alpha reliability test method, then used Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to verify and evaluate the scale of service quality. The results of the regression analysis show that customer's satisfaction about service quality at Techcombank An Giang includes four factors: The factor with the highest level is the Empathy with Beta = 0.253, the second of factor is the Responsibility with Beta = 0.248, ranked third in the influence level is the Tangible with Beta = 0.235, and the lowest impact level is the Reliability with Beta = 0.144. The research also uses statistical methods to describe and test the differences of demographic factors with customer's satisfactionon service quality.The analysis results show that there is no difference between customer's satisfaction on service quality and factors such as gender, age, income, number of transaction banks, regular transaction banks, and time to use the service at Techcombank An Giang. Through the research results, the author would like to propose some ideas to improve the quality of services, thereby attracting new customers and importantly, keeping traditional customers because the development orientation of Techcombank is to take care of old customers to cross sell other products of the bank. The Stud results offer a basis for the branch to identify the factors influencing customer satisfaction on their service quality, thereby having an appropriate strategy to improve customer satisfaction.

Factors Influencing Utilisation of Maternal Healthcare Services: Womens Perception

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1and2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyanvati
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Newborn Child

This paper analyses the factors affecting for utilization of maternal healthcare services. Following is the section wise description of the paper. Firstly, the paper looks into socio-economic background of women. Secondly, the paper focuses on usage of maternal healthcare services by women. Thirdly, the paper also traces the factors affecting for usage of maternal healthcare services. Lastly, the paper concludes and suggests by emphasizing the significance of proper utilization of maternal healthcare services that it leads to better health of mother and their newborn child.

scholarly journals Inbreeding of Bottlenecked Butterfly Populations: Estimation Using the Likelihood of Changes in Marker Allele Frequencies

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilik J Saccheri ◽  
Ian J Wilson ◽  
Richard A Nichols ◽  
Michael W Bruford ◽  
Paul M Brakefield
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Bicyclus Anynana ◽  
Marker Allele ◽  
Wide Applicability ◽  
Per Gene

Abstract Polymorphic enzyme and minisatellite loci were used to estimate the degree of inbreeding in experimentally bottlenecked populations of the butterfly, Bicyclus anynana (Satyridae), three generations after founding events of 2, 6, 20, or 300 individuals, each bottleneck size being replicated at least four times. Heterozygosity fell more than expected, though not significantly so, but this traditional measure of the degree of inbreeding did not make full use of the information from genetic markers. It proved more informative to estimate directly the probability distribution of a measure of inbreeding, σ2, the variance in the number of descendants left per gene. In all bottlenecked lines, σ2 was significantly larger than in control lines (300 founders). We demonstrate that this excess inbreeding was brought about both by an increase in the variance of reproductive success of individuals, but also by another process. We argue that in bottlenecked lines linkage disequilibrium generated by the small number of haplotypes passing through the bottleneck resulted in hitchhiking of particular marker alleles with those haplotypes favored by selection. In control lines, linkage disequilibrium was minimal. Our result, indicating more inbreeding than expected from demographic parameters, contrasts with the findings of previous (Drosophila) experiments in which the decline in observed heterozygosity was slower than expected and attributed to associative overdominance. The different outcomes may both be explained as a consequence of linkage disequilibrium under different regimes of inbreeding. The likelihood-based method to estimate inbreeding should be of wide applicability. It was, for example, able to resolve small differences in σ2 among replicate lines within bottleneck-size treatments, which could be related to the observed variation in reproductive viability.

Assessment of factors affecting short-term pulmonary functions following cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110100
Author(s):  
Neetika Katiyar ◽  
Sandeep Negi ◽  
Sunder Lal Negi ◽  
Goverdhan Dutt Puri ◽  
Shyam Kumar Singh Thingnam
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Impairment

Background Pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery are very common and lead to an increased incidence of post-operative morbidity and mortality. Several factors, either modifiable or non-modifiable, may contribute to the associated unfavorable consequences related to pulmonary function. This study was aimed to investigate the degree of alteration and factors influencing pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity), on third, fifth, and seventh post-operative days following cardiac surgery. Methods This study was executed in 71 patients who underwent on-pump cardiac surgery. Pulmonary function was assessed before surgery and on the third, fifth, and seventh post-operative days. Data including surgical details, information about risk factors, and assessment of pulmonary function were obtained. Results The FEV1 and forced vital capacity were significantly impaired on post-operative days 3, 5, and 7 compared to pre-operative values. The reduction in FEV1 was 41%, 29%, and 16% and in forced vital capacity was 42%, 29%, and 19% consecutively on post-operative days 3, 5, and 7. Multivariate analysis was done to detect the factors influencing post-operative FEV1 and forced vital capacity. Discussion This study observed a significant impairment in FEV1 and forced vital capacity, which did not completely recover by the seventh post-operative day. Different factors affecting post-operative FEV1 and forced vital capacity were pre-operative FEV1, age ≥60, less body surface area, lower pre-operative chest expansion at the axillary level, and having more duration of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. Presence of these factors enhances the chance of developing post-operative pulmonary complications.

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