Inequalities in Access to and Outcomes of Higher Education in Africa

There have been very few studies of the socio-economic background and outcomes for students in Africa because of the lack of data. This chapter draws on an institute which has information about their parental background and subsequent careers collected from surveys. In terms of access, the combination of parents not having more than primary education, renting and not owning land identified less than 1% of students whilst the percentage of entrants reporting that their parents had a post-secondary qualification is considerably higher (around 57%) than the norm at the time the parents would have been studying (around 7%). These students were upper middle class. In terms of outcomes, both current students and alumni say that the curriculum only partly fits their employment needs, but 85% of alumni would recommend AIMS to other students. In general, employers are satisfied with AIMS interns, but the percentage of AIMS graduates who are unemployed has risen from 2% in 2011 to 29% in 2016. Finally, rather than contributing to Africa, over one-third of graduates since 2012 are in the West.

Re-examining the middle-class thesis: Class profiles of families employing migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong

To what extent is employing migrant domestic workers (MDWs) a middle-class practice in Hong Kong? I drew quantitative data from the Population Census and a representative household survey to test the middle-class thesis. The results show that a significant proportion of the families that currently employ or had ever employed MDWs were not from middle-class backgrounds. As the practice of hiring MDWs spread to families from lower socio-economic background, it may be expected that the working and living conditions of MDWs may deteriorate due to the fewer resources of these families.

The Analysis of Residential Rooftop PV in Indonesia’s Electricity Market

This study aimed to examine the customer interest in using rooftop PV considering the economic background and customer profile in Indonesia’s electricity market using primary survey data with potential and existing (households and industries) respondents. This research uses logit model regression to analyze the impact of the demographic background of respondents and uses exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to understand the reasons why the existing users utilize rooftop PV at their homes. The results show that education, residence location, and income can positively and significantly affect the probability of using rooftop PV as the source of electricity. Then, there are several factors that influence the use of rooftop PV, such as easily finding it in their area, having concern for the environment, following trends, and loyalty. Some disadvantages of installing rooftop PV are felt by users, such as relatively high installation cost and frequent overheating during usage. Regarding customer satisfaction, most of the respondents from both households and industries answered that they were satisfied with their rooftop’s PV. Consumers say that the benefits they obtain are comparable to the required installation costs, and the majority of consumers also said that the rooftop PV worked well and did not need many repairs every month, so consumers did not need to spend significant money on it.

A survey on the evolution of the Chinese cadastral system

Cadastral system plays a pivotal role in land administration, which has attracted notable attention from researchers and policy-makers worldwide. Despite China being the most populous country throughout the world, its cadastral system is rarely studied. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey on the evolution of the Chinese cadastral system by elaborating the historical and contemporary Chinese cadastre. Specifically, contemporary Chinese cadastre is articulated from the aspects including content and purpose, legal basis, organization, and technical approaches, and compared with Swiss and Hong Kong cadastre. It is concluded that the Chinese cadastre evolved in a different way from that of the western countries due to China’s unique historical and economic background. This study sheds light on systematically understanding the development of the Chinese cadastre and further refining contemporary Chinese cadastral system.

Kemampuan Sains Sederhana Melalui Teknik Bermain Air Pada Anak Kelompok B TK Sinar Jaya Kecamatan Limboto Kabupaten Gorontalo

<p>Corresponding author of the preliminary findings that the Sinar Jaya TK ability to interfere with a good color as much as 5 people or 25%, whereas 15 children or 75% do not have the skills interfere with color. Fit these data we need a way to enhance the ability of simple science to children. Many of the strategies, methods and approaches that can be used to enhance the ability of a simple science to child during play, but this use has not shown good results. Therefore in this study the authors sought to find a solution through the method of problem solving techniques of water play. The purpose of this study to enhance the ability of modest science through the engineering group of children playing in the water. The research was conducted in early childhood Sinar Jaya District Limboto Gorontalo district. The subjects in this study is the son of group B, amounting to 20 people, consisting of 14 men and 6 women. Economic background of parents is that there are varied work as farmers, employees, vendors and other work. This study consisted of two cycles and data were analyzed descriptively. Based on the results of the study concluded that the use of color exploration game techniques to improve the ability of science is the cycle I have 5 children, or 25% of children who have the capability of science and in the second cycle there are 18 people or 90% of children who have the capability of science. Thus the cycle I was increasing the number of children who have the capability of science that is of 5 people or 25% to be 18 people or 90% in cycle II. These results means the hypothesis that the action reads if the method of administration tasks with color exploration game techniques applied effectively in the learning of science will be able to enhance the ability of kindergarten children Sinar Jaya group B Limboto Gorontalo district has been proven empirically.</p>

Juvenile crime: causes and consequences

Juvenile criminality has always been of a great interest as a phenomenon. This fact can be explained as like the young people are the reserves of humanity, On it depends the continuity of development of the entire society. But the crimes made by juveniles prove that they are characterized by the negative socialization, unsatisfactory education and because of this their integration In the social life increase a lot of problems. More than that, Juvenile criminality is an index of the degradation of the society. Studying the problems of juvenile delinquency, as well as general crime, requires consideration of the concrete situation - political and socio-economic, on the background of which criminogenic processes are formed and developed. Unfortunately, we must recognize that the current political and socio-economic background clearly negatively influences the youth environment, including adolescents. A constant trend towards the worsening economic living conditions of most of the country’s population, including minor children, leads to an increase in the level of psycho-emotional overload and the intensification of the crisis in family relationships. In turn, these circumstances contribute to the emergence of child neglect as a social phenomenon.

Od surowych danych do wizualizacji. Baza danych do dziejów mieszkańców lubelskiego Podzamcza z lat 1633-1733

W artykule omówiono korzyści płynące z analizowania danych źródłowych przy wykorzystaniu edycji bazodanowych oraz możliwości istniejące w tego typu projektach badawczych. Artykuł przybliża kilka przykładowych historii rodzin i charakterystycznych miejsc Podzamcza oraz grupuje dane statystyczne według wybranych kryteriów, m.in. kierunku migracji i dynamiki napływu ludności oraz różnorodności rzemiosł i profesji pozyskanych z bazy danych. From Raw Data to Visualization. A Database for the History of Inhabitants of Lublin’s Podzamcze District of 1633–1733 The goal of the paper is to show the potential existing in the information on the Jewish population inhabiting the Podzamcze district contained in Lublin’s town registers of 1633–1733. The article seeks to study the problem of presenting Big Data in an accessible form. By using a database management system, the author carries out a statistical analysis of the obtained data, draws conclusions, and outlines the directions of future research. He introduces the historical and economic background, discusses family relationships and changes in the dynamics of the neighborhood and 118 Piotr Zimny population migration, as well as telling the histories of several families and showing their genealogical trees. He presents selected professions and shows the numerical strength and activity of individual occupational groups, and represents selected research results in the form of infographics and illustrations. The author also provides an outline of the sociotopographic map of the Jewish Town complemented with the information contained in the old maps of Lublin. The paper is a synthesis of the hitherto collected information, and an attempt to look more broadly at the capabilities contained in this type of projects, in which data processing and analysis is difficult but at the same time valuable and leading to gaining new knowledge.

THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC CAPITAL TOWARDS THE SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE RURAL COMMUNITY

A rural community is very important in planning for rural development and it cannot be disregard as the rural area is part and parcel of the nation’s development. In countries with emerging and developing economies like Malaysia, rural communities constitute the majority of populations where the majority of them are generally poorer and more disadvantaged compared to their urban counterparts. In Malaysia, rural communities have diverse and different levels of socioeconomic backgrounds that are based on the type of settlement, type of economic sector, and rural density level. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the factor of economic capital influencing the socioeconomic background of rural communities. Besides that, this paper also explains the theoretical perspective such as the regional economic growth theory which directly contributed to providing understanding on the factor of economic capital and its indicator influencing the different levels of the socioeconomic background of rural communities. The finding of this paper will provide a preliminary framework for the factor and indicator of economic capital that influenced the socio-economic background of the rural community in the context of Malaysia based on a literature review of previous related research on this topic.

So Long Solange? The PSPP Judgment of the German Constitutional Court and the Conflict between the German and the European ‘Popular Spirit’

The judgment by the German Constitutional Court (‘BVerfG’) of 5 May 2020 has caused a stir all over Europe. The relationship between the BVerfG and the European Court of Justice (‘ECJ’) has never been an easy one, especially after the Solange judgment of 1974. The Solange jurisprudence has, however, not only been synonymous with conflict and rivalry but also for dialogue and, eventually, mutual respect. With the PSPP judgment, this dialogue seemed to have found an end, while by the order of 29 April 2021 the BVerfG appears to have returned to a more conciliatory tone. Nonetheless, the disruption between Karlsruhe and Luxembourg persists. In this article, the PSPP judgment will be examined in detail, presenting it as the last step of long, contorted jurisprudence. It will be shown that the rupture that occurred in May 2020 was technically unnecessary and rather the result of deep-rooted cultural conflict with a clear economic background. The legal reasoning on both sides—that of the BVerfG and that of the PSPP judgment's most outspoken critics—is problematic at best. While for the time being the BVerfG seems to have learnt the lesson from the conflict provoked by its own judgment, the underlying, substantive conflict is still unresolved. It will be shown that this conflict can only be solved on a political level. Thereby, cultural pre-concepts will have to be overcome. Uncompromising reliance on a national ‘popular spirit’ (Volksgeist) will not offer a way out but neither will, for the time being, exclusive reference to a European Volksgeist ignoring Member State realities. The ‘weighing and balancing’ the BVerfG has missed in the previous Weiss ECJ preliminary ruling (again on the PSPP programme) will have to take place on a far broader scale.