scholarly journals Transient retinoic acid signaling confers anterior-posterior polarity to the inner ear

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwoong Bok ◽  
Steven Raft ◽  
Kyoung-Ah Kong ◽  
Soo Kyung Koo ◽  
Ursula C. Dräger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signaling ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Prolonged Response ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Anterior Posterior Axis

Vertebrate hearing and balance are based in complex asymmetries of inner ear structure. Here, we identify retinoic acid (RA) as an extrinsic signal that acts directly on the ear rudiment to affect its compartmentalization along the anterior-posterior axis. A rostrocaudal wave of RA activity, generated by tissues surrounding the nascent ear, induces distinct responses from anterior and posterior halves of the inner ear rudiment. Prolonged response to RA by posterior otic tissue correlates with Tbx1 transcription and formation of mostly nonsensory inner ear structures. By contrast, anterior otic tissue displays only a brief response to RA and forms neuronal elements and most sensory structures of the inner ear.

Retinoic acid and the late phase of neural induction

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Neural Induction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Anterior Posterior Axis

Regional neural gene expression in Xenopus is the result of a number of processes that continue well beyond the end of gastrulation. By considering two of the basic features of neural induction, the duration of contact between mesoderm and ectoderm and the timing of neural competence, it has been possible to distinguish two phases in neural tissue formation. The late phase includes the period following gastrulation. A factor in determining regional neural gene expression is the difference in inducing ability of the mesoderm that develops during gastrulation along the anterior-posterior axis. The resulting ability to express regional neural genes is subsequently refined during the late phase by a signal that progresses from the posterior part of the embryo. Using a dorsal explant system, it is shown that this progressive signal can be mimicked by the addition of retinoic acid (RA). However, the observation that regions along the anterior-posterior axis respond in different ways to the addition of RA suggests that additional factors are also important in defining regional neural gene expression. One possibilty is that the expression of retinoic acid receptors along the axis may demarcate regions that respond to RA in particular ways.

scholarly journals Znfl1s are essential for patterning the anterior-posterior axis of zebrafish posterior hindbrain by acting as direct target genes of retinoic acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Jingyun Li ◽  
Yingmin Zhao ◽  
Luqingqing He ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Xiaojing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Anterior Posterior Axis

scholarly journals CHD7 and retinoic acid signaling cooperate to regulate neural stem cell and inner ear development in mouse models of CHARGE syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Micucci ◽  
Wanda S. Layman ◽  
Elizabeth A. Hurd ◽  
Ethan D. Sperry ◽  
Sophia F. Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Charge Syndrome ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signaling ◽  
Ear Development ◽  
Inner Ear Development

scholarly journals Implementing the chick embryo model to study vestibular developmental disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 2272-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley E. Seal ◽  
Sigmund J. Lilian ◽  
Anastas Popratiloff ◽  
June C. Hirsch ◽  
Kenna D. Peusner
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Vestibular Disorders ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Vestibular Development ◽  
Anterior Posterior Axis

Children with congenital vestibular disorders show delayed motor development and challenges in maintaining posture and balance. Computed tomography images reveal that these children have abnormal inner ears in the form of a sac, with the semicircular canals missing or truncated. Little is known about how this inner ear abnormality affects central vestibular development. At present, mice with the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 mutation are the most common model for studying congenital vestibular disorders, despite forming multiple diverse inner ear phenotypes and inducing abnormal cerebellar and visual system development. To identify the effects of a sac-like inner ear on central vestibular development, we have designed and implemented a new model, the anterior-posterior axis rotated otocyst (ARO) chick, which forms a sac-like inner ear in 85% of cases. The ARO chick is produced by anterior-posterior rotation of the otocyst at embryonic day 2. Here, we describe for the first time the 15% of ARO chicks that form three small semicircular canals and rename the ARO chicks forming sacs (ARO/s chicks). The basic features of the vestibular sensory organs in ARO/s chicks are similar to those found in patients’ sacs, and ARO/s hatchlings experience balance and walking problems like patients. Thus, ARO/s chicks have a reproducible inner ear phenotype without abnormalities in vestibular-related structures, making the model a relatively simple one to evaluate the relationship between the sac-like inner ear pathology and formation of the central vestibular neural circuitry. Here, we describe unpublished details on the surgical approaches to produce ARO chicks, including pitfalls and difficulties to avoid. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper describes simple techniques for chick otocyst rotation resulting in a sac-like inner ear (85%), the common phenotype in congenital vestibular disorders. We now describe anterior-posterior axis rotated otocyst chicks, which form three small canals (15%), and rename chicks forming a sac (ARO/s chicks). Basic protocols and potential complications of otocyst rotation are described. With the use of ARO/s chicks, it will be possible to determine how the vestibular neural circuit is modified by sac-like inner ear formation.

scholarly journals Her9 represses neurogenic fate downstream of Tbx1 and retinoic acid signaling in the inner ear

Development ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Radosevic ◽  
A. Robert-Moreno ◽  
M. Coolen ◽  
L. Bally-Cuif ◽  
B. Alsina
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signaling
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