scholarly journals The genome of cultivated sweet potato containsAgrobacteriumT-DNAs with expressed genes: An example of a naturally transgenic food crop

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. 5844-5849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Kyndt ◽  
Dora Quispe ◽  
Hong Zhai ◽  
Robert Jarret ◽  
Marc Ghislain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Transgenic Food

Agrobacterium rhizogenesandAgrobacterium tumefaciensare plant pathogenic bacteria capable of transferring DNA fragments [transfer DNA (T-DNA)] bearing functional genes into the host plant genome. This naturally occurring mechanism has been adapted by plant biotechnologists to develop genetically modified crops that today are grown on more than 10% of the world’s arable land, although their use can result in considerable controversy. While assembling small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, of sweet potato plants for metagenomic analysis, sequences homologous to T-DNA sequences fromAgrobacteriumspp. were discovered. Simple and quantitative PCR, Southern blotting, genome walking, and bacterial artificial chromosome library screening and sequencing unambiguously demonstrated that two different T-DNA regions (IbT-DNA1 andIbT-DNA2) are present in the cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas[L.] Lam.) genome and that these foreign genes are expressed at detectable levels in different tissues of the sweet potato plant.IbT-DNA1 was found to contain four open reading frames (ORFs) homologous to the tryptophan-2-monooxygenase (iaaM), indole-3-acetamide hydrolase (iaaH), C-protein (C-prot), and agrocinopine synthase (Acs) genes ofAgrobacteriumspp.IbT-DNA1 was detected in all 291 cultigens examined, but not in close wild relatives.IbT-DNA2 contained at least five ORFs with significant homology to theORF14,ORF17n, rooting locus (Rol)B/RolC,ORF13, andORF18/ORF17ngenes ofA. rhizogenes.IbT-DNA2 was detected in 45 of 217 genotypes that included both cultivated and wild species. Our finding, that sweet potato is naturally transgenic while being a widely and traditionally consumed food crop, could affect the current consumer distrust of the safety of transgenic food crops.

Analisis Nutrisi Umbi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) untuk Konsumsi Bayo dan Anak-anak Suku Dani di Distrik Kurulu Kabupaten Jayawijaya

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Pattikawa ◽  
Antonius Suparno ◽  
Saraswati Prabawardani
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Development Center

<em>Sweet potato is an important staple food crop especially for the local people of Central Highlands Jayawijaya. There are many accessions that have always been maintained its existence to enrich their various uses. Traditionally, sweet potato accessions were grouped based on the utilization, such as for animal feed, cultural ceremonies, consumption for adults, as well as for infants and children. This study was aimed to analyze the nutritional value of sweet potatoes consumed by infants and children of the Dani tribe. Chemical analyses were conducted at the Laboratory of Post-Harvest Research and Development Center, Cimanggu, Bogor. The results showed that each of 4 (four) sweet potato accessions which were consumed by infants and children had good nutrient levels. Accession Sabe showed the highest water content (72.56%), vitamin C (72.71 mg/100 g), Fe (11.85 mg/100 g), and K levels (130.41 mg / 100 grams). The highest levels of protein (1.44%), fat (1.00%), energy (154.43 kkal/100 gram), carbohydrate (35.47%), starch (30.26%), reducing sugar (3.44%), riboflavin (0.18 mg/100 g), and vitamin A (574.40 grams IU/100 were produced by accession Manis. On the other hand, accession Saborok produced the highest value for ash content (1.32%), vitamin E (28.30 mg/100 g), and ?-carotene (64.69 ppm). The highest level of crude fiber (1.81 %) and thiamin (0.36 mg/100 g) was produced by accession Yuaiken.</em>

scholarly journals Effect of extrusion-cooking in total carotenoids content in cream and orange flesh sweet potato cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos José de O Fonseca ◽  
Antonio G Soares ◽  
Murillo Freire Junior ◽  
Dejair L de Almeida ◽  
José Luiz R Ascheri
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Extrusion Cooking ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Sweet Potato Flour

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a food crop that supplies energy, minerals and vitamins C and B. Some cultivars are very rich in carotenoids (pro-vitamin A). In this study were evaluated and compared the total carotenoids content of two cultivars and the losses on the dehydrated extruded sweet potato flour. Samples from organic and conventional crops were analyzed, in the form of fresh and dehydrated extruded samples. Total carotenoids content of the fresh product, expressed on wet basis, was of 437 µg 100 g-1 for the cream cultivar and 10,12 µg 100 g-1 for the orange cultivar. After dehydration, losses of total carotenoids were of 41% and 38%, respectively. The fresh orange cultivar presented high total carotenoids content in comparison to the cream cultivar. The extruded orange sweet potato flour showed the lowest losses in total carotenoids. Therefore, the processed flour of orange sweet potato could be used to obtain pre-gelatinized extruded flour with high total carotenoids content.

scholarly journals Resistance to Ditylenchus destructor Infection in Sweet Potato by the Expression of Small Interfering RNAs Targeting unc-15, a Movement-Related Gene

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 1458-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijuan Fan ◽  
Zhaorong Wei ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Peiyong Ma ◽  
Guiling Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition ◽  
Ditylenchus Destructor

Stem nematode (Ditylenchus destructor) is one of most serious diseases that limit the productivity and quality of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), a root crop with worldwide importance for food security and nutrition improvement. Hence, there is a global demand for developing sweet potato varieties that are resistant to the disease. In this study, we have investigated the interference of stem nematode infectivity by the expression of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in transgenic sweet potato that are homologous to the unc-15 gene, which affects the muscle protein paramyosin of the pathogen. The production of double-stranded RNAs and siRNAs in transgenic lines with a single transgene integration event was verified by Northern blot analysis. The expression of unc-15 was reduced dramatically in stem nematodes collected from the inoculated storage roots of transgenic plants, and the infection areas of their storage roots were dramatically smaller than that of wild-type (WT). Compared with the WT, the transgenic plants showed increased yield in the stem nematode-infested field. Our results demonstrate that the expression of siRNAs targeting the unc-15 gene of D. destructor is an effective approach in improving stem nematode resistance in sweet potato, in adjunct with the global integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN, KOMPETISI, DAN TOLERANSI DARITIGA KLON UBIJALAR PADA SISTEM TUMPANG SARI DENGAN JAGUNG

EUGENIA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Martje Paulus
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
Crop Biotechnology ◽  
Experimental Garden

ABSTRACT Paulus, J.M. 2005. Land Productivity, Competition, and Tolerance of Three Sweet Potato Clones Planted as Intercroping with Maize. Eugenia 11 (1): 1-7. A field experiment was conducted in Cikeumeuh Experimental Garden of Food Crop Biotechnology Research Station (BAUTBIO) Bogor to study Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Competition Ratio (CR), and Stress Tolerance (TOL) of sweet potato and maize. The highest tuber yiled of sweet potato was 16,83 ton ha-[1] gained by CIP-2 at 100 cm planting distance of maize and the highest maize yiled was 4,50 ton ha-1 Cangkuang in intercropping with Cangkung clone. The LER, CR, and TOL, CIP-2 and SQ were suitable for intercrops at all planting distance but Cangkuang was not suitable for intercrops with maize. Keywords: Ipomoea batatas, clon, intercroping [1] Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian UNSRAT Manado, 95115

Sweet Potato: A Potential Industrial and Staple Food Crop of Nigeria

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. O. Nwinyi
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Ecological Flexibility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

This article reviews the impact of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) on the world economy, its uses, and efforts in Nigeria to popularize its cultivation and acceptability. The potential and average yields of 87 and 20–30 t/ha respectively (over a three–six month growing period) under improved management practices, its ecological flexibility, its low input requirements, the wide range of recipes based on its flour, and easy propagation by vine cuttings distinguish the sweet potato as a potentially important industrial and staple food crop. Problems relating to sweetness, dominant flavour, and the colour of the cooked product are identified as ones requiring solution if its acceptability is to be enhanced.

scholarly journals EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY OF THE SWEET POTATO AND ITS RELATIVES: OPPORTUNITIES FOR MOLECULAR GENETICSTUDIES

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 492e-492
Author(s):  
G. S. Varadarajan ◽  
C. S. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
History Of

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and its relatives (the batatas complex) appear to have evolved in the New World and radiated over several geographic centers in the tropics and subtropics. Traditional studies on taxonomy, cytogenetics, and reproductive biology of the batatas complex have enabled us to investigate certain evolutionary aspects. We conclude that this complex is a monophytetic, “polyploid pillar”, evolved by chromosome doubling (euploidy) and interspecific hybridization. We apply molecular genetic techniques to detect variation [restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA fingerprinting analyses] to reexamine some of the evolutionary issues that could not be satisfactorily addressed by the conventional approaches, e. g., phylogenetic history of the batatas group, the diploid ancestors of the polyploid members, homology/diversity of genome(s) within the entire group. We find DNA variation in the hypervariable or multiple copy regions of the genome in Ipomoea species. In addition, we are investigating polymorphism in unique/low copy regions using a battery of DNA sequences from homologous as well as heterologous sources. The success of this study will hopefully shed a new light on the subject of evolutionary biology and may also have potential applications in the sweet potato breeding.

scholarly journals Production of agrocinopine A by Ipomoea batatas agrocinopine synthase in transgenic tobacco and its effect on the rhizosphere microbial community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Tanaka ◽  
Maarten Ryder ◽  
Takamasa Suzuki ◽  
Kazuma Uesaka ◽  
Nobuo Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterial pathogen that causes crown gall disease on a wide range of eudicot plants by genetic transformation. Besides T-DNA integrated by natural transformation in vegetative tissues of plants by pathogenic Agrobacterium, previous reports have indicated that T-DNA sequences originating from ancestral Agrobacterium sp. are present in the genomes of all cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) analyzed. Expression of Agrobacterium-derived agrocinopine synthase (ACS) gene was detected in leaf and root tissues of sweet potato, suggesting that the plant can produce agrocinopine, a sugar-phosphodiester opine considered to be utilized by Agrobacterium in crown gall. To validate the product synthesized by I. batatas ACS (IbACS), we introduced IbACS into tobacco under a constitutive promoter. High voltage paper electrophoresis followed by alkaline silver nitrate staining detected the production of an agrocinopine-like substance in IbACS1-expressing tobacco, and further MS and NMR analyses of the product confirmed that IbACS can produce agrocinopine A from natural plant substrates. The partially purified compound was biologically active in an agrocinopine A bioassay. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and meta-transcriptome analysis revealed that the rhizosphere microbial community of tobacco was affected by the expression of IbACS. A new species of Leifsonia (actinobacteria) was isolated as an enriched bacterium in the rhizosphere of IbACS1-expressing tobacco. This Leifsonia sp. can catabolize agrocinopine A produced in tobacco, indicating that the production of agrocinopine A attracts rhizosphere bacteria which can utilize this sugar-phosphodiester. These results suggest a potential role of IbACS conserved among sweet potato cultivars in manipulating their microbial community.

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