scholarly journals Requirement of zinc transporter ZIP10 for epidermal development: Implication of the ZIP10–p63 axis in epithelial homeostasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (46) ◽  
pp. 12243-12248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bum-Ho Bin ◽  
Jinhyuk Bhin ◽  
Mikiro Takaishi ◽  
Koh-ei Toyoshima ◽  
Saeko Kawamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Zinc Transporter ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Epithelial Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epidermal Development

Skin tissues, in particular the epidermis, are severely affected by zinc deficiency. However, the zinc-mediated mechanisms that maintain the cells that form the epidermis have not been established. Here, we report that the zinc transporter ZIP10 is highly expressed in the outer root sheath of hair follicles and plays critical roles in epidermal development. We found that ZIP10 marked epidermal progenitor cell subsets and that ablating Zip10 caused significant epidermal hypoplasia accompanied by down-regulation of the transactivation of p63, a master regulator of epidermal progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Both ZIP10 and p63 are significantly increased during epidermal development, in which ZIP10-mediated zinc influx promotes p63 transactivation. Collectively, these results indicate that ZIP10 plays important roles in epidermal development via, at least in part, the ZIP10–zinc–p63 signaling axis, thereby highlighting the physiological significance of zinc regulation in the maintenance of skin epidermis.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Rab27a and Rab27b Has Opposite Effects on the Regulation of Hair Cycle and Hair Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5672
Author(s):  
Kyung-Eun Ku ◽  
Nahyun Choi ◽  
Jong-Hyuk Sung
Keyword(s):  
Hair Growth ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Culture Models

Rab27a/b are known to play an important role in the transport of melanosomes, with their knockout causing silvery gray hair. However, the relationship between Rab27a/b and hair growth is not well known. To evaluate the role of Rab27a/b in hair cycle, we investigated the expression of Rab27a/b during hair cycling and human outer root sheath (hORS) cells. The expression of Rab27a in ORS cells was mainly detected at the anagen, whereas expression of Rab27b in ORS, and epidermal cells was strongly expressed at the telogen. Additionally, Rab27a/b were expressed in the Golgi of hORS cells. To evaluate the role of Rab27a/b in hair growth, telogen-to-anagen transition animal and vibrissae hair follicles (HFs) organ culture models were assayed using Rab27a/b siRNAs. The knockdown of Rab27a or Rab27b suppressed or promoted hair growth, respectively. These results were also confirmed in human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and hORS cells, showing the opposite mitogenic effects. Moreover, Rab27b knockdown increased the expression levels of various growth factors in the hDPCs and hORS cells. Overall, the opposite temporal expression patterns during hair cycling and roles for hair growth of Rab27a/b suggested that Rab27a/b might regulate the hair cycle. Therefore, our study may provide a novel solution for the development of hair loss treatment by regulating Rab27a/b levels.

p38α MAP kinase is essential in lung stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Ventura ◽  
Stephan Tenbaum ◽  
Eusebio Perdiguero ◽  
Marion Huth ◽  
Carmen Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Map Kinase ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation ◽  
P38α Map Kinase

scholarly journals Integrin-linked kinase is required for epidermal and hair follicle morphogenesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Lorenz ◽  
Carsten Grashoff ◽  
Robert Torka ◽  
Takao Sakai ◽  
Lutz Langbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Membrane Dynamics ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Integrin Linked Kinase

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) links integrins to the actin cytoskeleton and is believed to phosphorylate several target proteins. We report that a keratinocyte-restricted deletion of the ILK gene leads to epidermal defects and hair loss. ILK-deficient epidermal keratinocytes exhibited a pronounced integrin-mediated adhesion defect leading to epidermal detachment and blister formation, disruption of the epidermal–dermal basement membrane, and the translocation of proliferating, integrin-expressing keratinocytes to suprabasal epidermal cell layers. The mutant hair follicles were capable of producing hair shaft and inner root sheath cells and contained stem cells and generated proliferating progenitor cells, which were impaired in their downward migration and hence accumulated in the outer root sheath and failed to replenish the hair matrix. In vitro studies with primary ILK-deficient keratinocytes attributed the migration defect to a reduced migration velocity and an impaired stabilization of the leading-edge lamellipodia, which compromised directional and persistent migration. We conclude that ILK plays important roles for epidermis and hair follicle morphogenesis by modulating integrin-mediated adhesion, actin reorganization, and plasma membrane dynamics in keratinocytes.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Study of Cytokeratins in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa)

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Kurokawa ◽  
S Nishijima ◽  
K Kusumoto ◽  
H Senzaki ◽  
N Shikata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Type A ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Acne Inversa ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Normal Hair ◽  
Type C ◽  
Keratinized Epithelium

In 14 cases of hidradenitis suppurativa, cytokeratin (CK) expression was studied immunohistochemically, using six anti-keratin antibodies against CK1, CK10, CK14, CK16, CK17 and CK19, respectively. The draining sinus tract epithelium of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions was divided into three components: infundibular-like keratinized epithelium (type A), non-infundibular keratinized epithelium (type B), and non-keratinized epithelium (type C). In type A samples, CK17 (which is found in normal infundibulum) was not detected, suggesting fragility of this epithelial type. Keratin expression in types B and C epithelia was similar to that observed in the outer root sheath in normal hair follicles. Our results suggest that the draining sinus epithelium may possess characteristics of fragility, undifferentiation and hyperproliferation, as shown with CK expression.

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