scholarly journals From basic brain research to treating human brain disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (52) ◽  
pp. 26167-26172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Buffalo ◽  
J. Anthony Movshon ◽  
Robert H. Wurtz
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Brain Disorders

AGE-BASED VARIATIONS OF FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF EEG SIGNAL IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY

Fractals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850051 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI ◽  
SAJAD JAFARI
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Process Complexity ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

It is known that aging affects neuroplasticity. On the other hand, neuroplasticity can be studied by analyzing the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. An important challenge in brain research is to study the variations of neuroplasticity during aging for patients suffering from epilepsy. This study investigates the variations of the complexity of EEG signal during aging for patients with epilepsy. For this purpose, we employed fractal dimension as an indicator of process complexity. We classified the subjects in different age groups and computed the fractal dimension of their EEG signals. Our investigations showed that as patients get older, their EEG signal will be more complex. The method of investigation that has been used in this study can be further employed to study the variations of EEG signal in case of other brain disorders during aging.

scholarly journals The zebrafish as a promising tool for modeling human brain disorders: A review based upon an IBNS Symposium

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 176-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soaleha Shams ◽  
Jason Rihel ◽  
Jose G. Ortiz ◽  
Robert Gerlai
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Promising Tool

Materialism or Nothing

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Cody
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Human Brain Project ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Brain research is intended to produce valuable results in medicine and information technology. All to the good. Nevertheless, the contentions made by both the BRAIN Initiative and the Human Brain Project are not only unproven, but indefensible. Their most egregious error lies in a doctrinal misconception of what the mind does. The mind is a matter of memory, belief, intention, desire, will, and the like—mentalities.

scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: Opportunities and challenges in modeling human brain disorders in transgenic primates

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Jennings ◽  
Rogier Landman ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Jitendra Sharma ◽  
Julia Hyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Disorders

scholarly journals Zika Virus Alters DNA Methylation of Neural Genes in an Organoid Model of the Developing Human Brain

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Janssens ◽  
Michael Schotsaert ◽  
Rahul Karnik ◽  
Vinod Balasubramaniam ◽  
Marion Dejosez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Genes

Scientific research on human neural stem cells and cerebral organoids has confirmed the congenital neurotropic and neurodestructive nature of the Zika virus. However, the extent to which prenatal ZIKV infection is associated with more subtle brain alterations, such as epigenetic changes, remains ill defined. Here, we address the question of whether ZIKV infection induces DNA methylation changes with the potential to cause brain disorders later in life.

scholarly journals The Importance of Cognitive Phenotypes in Experimental Modeling of Animal Anxiety and Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan V. Kalueff ◽  
Dennis L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Modeling ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor

Cognitive dysfunctions are commonly seen in many stress-related disorders, including anxiety and depression—the world's most common neuropsychiatric illnesses. Various genetic, pharmacological, and behavioral animal models have long been used to establish animal anxiety-like and depression-like phenotypes, as well as to assess their memory, learning, and other cognitive functions. Mounting clinical and animal evidences strongly supports the notion that disturbed cognitions represent an important pathogenetic factor in anxiety and depression, and may also play a role inintegratingthe two disorders within a common stress-precipitated developmental pathway. This paper evaluates why and how the assessment of cognitive and emotional domains may improve our understanding of animal behaviors via different high-throughput tests and enable a better translation of animal phenotypes into human brain disorders.

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