scholarly journals Chondrules reveal large-scale outward transport of inner Solar System materials in the protoplanetary disk

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (38) ◽  
pp. 23426-23435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis D. Williams ◽  
Matthew E. Sanborn ◽  
Céline Defouilloy ◽  
Qing-Zhu Yin ◽  
Noriko T. Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Protoplanetary Disk ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Dust Density ◽  
Outward Transport

Dynamic models of the protoplanetary disk indicate there should be large-scale material transport in and out of the inner Solar System, but direct evidence for such transport is scarce. Here we show that the ε50Ti-ε54Cr-Δ17O systematics of large individual chondrules, which typically formed 2 to 3 My after the formation of the first solids in the Solar System, indicate certain meteorites (CV and CK chondrites) that formed in the outer Solar System accreted an assortment of both inner and outer Solar System materials, as well as material previously unidentified through the analysis of bulk meteorites. Mixing with primordial refractory components reveals a “missing reservoir” that bridges the gap between inner and outer Solar System materials. We also observe chondrules with positive ε50Ti and ε54Cr plot with a constant offset below the primitive chondrule mineral line (PCM), indicating that they are on the slope ∼1.0 in the oxygen three-isotope diagram. In contrast, chondrules with negative ε50Ti and ε54Cr increasingly deviate above from PCM line with increasing δ18O, suggesting that they are on a mixing trend with an ordinary chondrite-like isotope reservoir. Furthermore, the Δ17O-Mg# systematics of these chondrules indicate they formed in environments characterized by distinct abundances of dust and H2O ice. We posit that large-scale outward transport of nominally inner Solar System materials most likely occurred along the midplane associated with a viscously evolving disk and that CV and CK chondrules formed in local regions of enhanced gas pressure and dust density created by the formation of Jupiter.

scholarly journals Resonant trans-Neptunian objects as a source of Jupiter-family comets

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S236) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
E. L. Kiseleva ◽  
V. V. Emel'yanenko
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Early History ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Symplectic Integrator ◽  
Relative Fraction ◽  
Outward Transport ◽  
Short Period ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe dynamical interrelation between resonant trans-Neptunian objects and short-period comets is studied. Initial orbits of resonant objects are based on computations in the model of the outward transport of objects during Neptune's migration in the early history of the outer Solar system. The dynamical evolution of this population is investigated for 4.5 Gyr, using a symplectic integrator. Our calculations show that resonant trans-Neptunian objects give a substantial contribution to the planetary region. We have estimated that the relative fraction of objects captured per year from the 2/3 resonance to Jupiter-family orbits with perihelion distances q<2.5 AU is 0.4×10−10 near the present epoch.

scholarly journals Early scattering of the solar protoplanetary disk recorded in meteoritic chondrules

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. e1601001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Marrocchi ◽  
Marc Chaussidon ◽  
Laurette Piani ◽  
Guy Libourel
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Protoplanetary Disk ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Magmatic Origin ◽  
By Products

Meteoritic chondrules are submillimeter spherules representing the major constituent of nondifferentiated planetesimals formed in the solar protoplanetary disk. The link between the dynamics of the disk and the origin of chondrules remains enigmatic. Collisions between planetesimals formed at different heliocentric distances were frequent early in the evolution of the disk. We show that the presence, in some chondrules, of previously unrecognized magnetites of magmatic origin implies the formation of these chondrules under impact-generated oxidizing conditions. The three oxygen isotopes systematic of magmatic magnetites and silicates can only be explained by invoking an impact between silicate-rich and ice-rich planetesimals. This suggests that these peculiar chondrules are by-products of the early mixing in the disk of populations of planetesimals from the inner and outer solar system.

The contribution of Centaur-emitted dust to the interplanetary dust distribution

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (2) ◽  
pp. 2421-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Poppe
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Kuiper Belt ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Dust Grains ◽  
Kuiper Belt Objects ◽  
Dust Density ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Current Mass

ABSTRACT Interplanetary dust grains originate from a variety of source bodies, including comets, asteroids, and Edgeworth–Kuiper belt objects. Centaurs, generally defined as those objects with orbits that cross the outer planets, have occasionally been observed to exhibit cometary-like outgassing at distances beyond Jupiter, implying that they may be an important source of dust grains in the outer Solar system. Here, we use an interplanetary dust grain dynamics model to study the behaviour and equilibrium distribution of Centaur-emitted interplanetary dust grains. We focus on the five Centaurs with the highest current mass-loss rates: 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1, 166P/2001 T4, 174P/Echeclus, C/2001 M10, and P/2004 A1, which together comprise 98 per cent of the current mass loss from all Centaurs. Our simulations show that Centaur-emitted dust grains with radii s < 2 μm have median lifetimes consistent with Poynting–Robertson (P–R) drag lifetimes, while grains with radii s > 2 μm have median lifetimes much shorter than their P–R drag lifetimes, suggesting that dynamical interactions with the outer planets are effective in scattering larger grains, in analogy to the relatively short lifetimes of Centaurs themselves. Equilibrium density distributions of grains emitted from specific Centaurs show a variety of structure including local maxima in the outer Solar system and azimuthal asymmetries, depending on the orbital elements of the parent Centaur. Finally, we compare the total Centaur interplanetary dust density to dust produced from Edgeworth–Kuiper belt objects, Jupiter-family comets, and Oort cloud comets, and conclude that Centaur-emitted dust may be an important component between 5 and 15 au, contributing approximately 25 per cent of the local interplanetary dust density at Saturn.

scholarly journals Bifurcation of planetary building blocks during Solar System formation

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6527) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Tim Lichtenberg ◽  
Joanna Dra̧żkowska ◽  
Maria Schönbächler ◽  
Gregor J. Golabek ◽  
Thomas O. Hands
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Planet Formation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Protoplanetary Disk ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Solar System Formation ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Mass Divergence ◽  
Internal Evolution

Geochemical and astronomical evidence demonstrates that planet formation occurred in two spatially and temporally separated reservoirs. The origin of this dichotomy is unknown. We use numerical models to investigate how the evolution of the solar protoplanetary disk influenced the timing of protoplanet formation and their internal evolution. Migration of the water snow line can generate two distinct bursts of planetesimal formation that sample different source regions. These reservoirs evolve in divergent geophysical modes and develop distinct volatile contents, consistent with constraints from accretion chronology, thermochemistry, and the mass divergence of inner and outer Solar System. Our simulations suggest that the compositional fractionation and isotopic dichotomy of the Solar System was initiated by the interplay between disk dynamics, heterogeneous accretion, and internal evolution of forming protoplanets.

Antiproton-catalyzed microfission/fusion propulsion systems for exploration of the outer solar system and beyond

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lewis ◽  
G. Smith ◽  
B. Dundore ◽  
J. Fulmer ◽  
S. Chakrabarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Outer Solar System ◽  
Propulsion Systems

Alexandria, Kom el-Dikka. Fieldwork in the 2019 season

2020 ◽  
pp. 469-496
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Majcherek
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Floor Tiles ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Late Roman

The report offers an account of archaeological and conservation work carried out at the site. Excavations in the central part of the site (Sector F) were continued for the fourth season in a row. Exploration of remains of early Roman houses led to the discovery of a well preserved multicolored triclinium mosaic floor with a floral and geometric design. A large assemblage of fragments of polychrome marble floor tiles, recorded in the house collapse, showed the scale of importation of decorative stone material from various regions of the Mediterranean. Overlying the early Roman strata was direct evidence of intensive construction work carried out in the vicinity in the form of large-scale kilnworks, supplying lime most probably for the building of the late Roman bath and cistern. Included in the presentation is a brief review of the limited conservation work that was conducted in the complex of late antique auditoria.

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