scholarly journals A 29-kDa Protein Associated with p67phoxExpresses Both Peroxiredoxin and Phospholipase A2Activity and Enhances Superoxide Anion Production by a Cell-free System of NADPH Oxidase Activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (47) ◽  
pp. 45181-45187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Leavey ◽  
Carolina Gonzalez-Aller ◽  
Gail Thurman ◽  
Michael Kleinberg ◽  
Lori Rinckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Free System ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Activity ◽  
Cell Free System ◽  
Anion Production ◽  
A Cell

Comparative effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine and ramipril on arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in chronically glucose-fed rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 752-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil El Midaoui ◽  
Mahmoud Ali Ismael ◽  
Huogen Lu ◽  
I. George Fantus ◽  
Jacques de Champlain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Activity

Beneficial effects of an antioxidant (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC) and an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramipril) were assessed in a rat model of insulin resistance induced by 10% glucose feeding for 20 weeks. Treatments with NAC (2 g/kg per day) and ramipril (1 mg/kg per day) were initiated at 16 weeks in the drinking fluid. Systolic blood pressure, plasma levels of insulin and glucose, and insulin resistance were significantly higher in rats treated with glucose for 20 weeks. This was associated with a higher production of superoxide anion and NADPH oxidase activity in aorta and liver and with a marked reduction in protein expression of skeletal muscle insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in the gastrocnemius muscle. NAC prevented all these alterations. Although ramipril also reversed high blood pressure, it had a lesser effect on insulin resistance (including IRS-1) and blocked superoxide anion production only in aorta. Ramipril, in contrast to NAC, did not reduce NADPH oxidase activity in aorta and liver or plasma levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde. Results suggest that the inhibition of the oxidative stress in hypertensive and insulin-resistant states contributes to the therapeutic effects of NAC and ramipril. Whereas NAC exerts effective antioxidant activity in multiple tissues, ramipril appears to preferentially target the vasculature.

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