Construction shifts in translations

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Serbina
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Linguistic Structures

In the present paper the phenomenon of translation shifts is discussed within the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar. It is suggested that viewing linguistic structures of various sizes and levels of abstractness as constructions allows us to better grasp the complexities of the phenomenon of translation shifts. The methodology of studying construction shifts is applied to the analysis of the construction [Subject Verb Direct Object] for the translation direction English-German. The quantitative results have been obtained using the parallel CroCo corpus.

Theoretical framework

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Huber
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Motion Event ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Constructionist Approach ◽  
Manner Verbs

Chapter 2 provides an introduction to the motion encoding typology as proposed by Talmy, Slobin, and others (manner- and path-conflating languages, different types of framing and their concomitant characteristics). It argues that this typology is highly compatible with a construction grammar framework, points out the differences, and shows that particularly from the diachronic perspective taken in this study, the constructionist approach has advantages over the originally lexicalist approach of the motion typology. The chapter also provides a discussion of the different categories of motion verbs used in this study (manner verbs, path verbs, neutral motion verbs, and verbs that do not evoke a motion event on their own, but can receive a contextual motion reading).

scholarly journals Raising Collocational Awareness with Humour

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-113
Author(s):  
Tünde Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Structures

AbstractDespite the increased interest that collocations have received in EFL methodology lately, making language learners aware of these multiword constructions continues to represent a challenge for teachers. While there may be different ways of teaching collocations, finding activities that raise collocational awareness efficiently is no easy task. Collocational awareness can be defined as the ability of language learners (and users) to use and acknowledge word combinations in their entirety. Humour can be useful in this regard as it not only ensures a more relaxed atmosphere in the classroom but can also help students to acknowledge and remember specific linguistic structures (among them, also collocations) more easily. In line with Construction Grammar (Goldberg 1995, 1997, 2006), it is believed that collocations are to be treated as constructions, pairings of form with a specific meaning and varying degrees of predictability – teaching them as such can contribute to a better understanding and acquisition of these constructions. After offering a brief overview of the characteristics of collocations and reflecting on the possible advantages of using humour in class, the paper shows possible ways of teaching collocations with humour. The exercises and activities suggested focus on both the productive and receptive competence of language learners and also incorporate the necessary skills required in the language learning process: listening, reading, writing, and speaking.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DAN STAKEHOLDER UNTUK MEMPROMOSIKAN DAN MENGEMBANGKAN KOMUNITAS INKLUSIF DI DIY DAN ASIA TENGGARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Astri Hanjarwati ◽  
Jamil Suprihatiningrum ◽  
Siti Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Depth Interviews

 This research was conducted to investigate the perceptions of persons with disabilities and stakeholders regarding the promotion and development of Friendly and Inclusive Communities in Bantul Regency, DIY and Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi. The study was designed using transformative mixed-method, with the framework of KIPA (Knowledge, Inclusion, Participation, and Access) as a theoretical framework core. The first step was carried out by an empirical survey through distributing questionnaires to 48 respondents in Bantul Regency and 52 respondents in Kendari City. The results of data analysis from questionnaire contents were processed through descriptive statistics to describe respondents' perceptions quantitatively. Quantitative results are used as a reference in qualitative data collection, namely through in-depth interviews with selected respondents. The results of the study show that both persons with disabilities and stakeholders have a positive perception of the promotion and development of a friendly and inclusive community in their area. Although knowledge about disability, inclusion and the issues that surround it is still limited, but both persons with disabilities and stakeholders claim the need for a Friendly and Inclusive Community to be realized. Repondents of persons with disabilities also added that participation and access to development by and for persons with disabilities needs to be improved both in terms of quantity and quality.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi persepsi penyandang disabilitas dan stakeholders mengenai promosi dan pengembangan Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif di Kabupaten Bantul, DIY dan Kota Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian didesain menggunakan transformative mixed-method, dengan kerangka KIPA (Knowledge, Inclusion, Participation, and Access) sebagai core theoretical framework. Langkah pertama dilakukan dengan survey empiris melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 48 responden di Kabupaten Bantul dan 52 responden di Kota Kendari. Hasil analisis data dari isian kuesioner diolah melalui statistik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan persepsi responden secara kuantitatif. Hasil kuantitatif dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam pengambilan data secara kualitatif, yaitu melalui in-depth interview kepada responden terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan baik penyandang disabilitas maupun stakeholders memiliki persepsi yang positif terhadap promosi dan pengembangan Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif di daerah mereka. Meskipun pengetahuan mengenai disabilitas, inklusi dan isu-isu yang melingkupinya masih terbatas, namun baik penyandang disabiltias dan stakeholders mengaku perlunya Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif untuk diwujudkan. Reponden penyandang disabilitas juga menambahkan bahwa partisipasi dan akses pembangunan oleh dan untuk penyandang disabilitas perlu ditingkatkan baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas.   

Overview

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Talmy
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Space And Time

Relevant to targeting, space and time in language can be understood as conceptual constructs that share numerous properties — e.g., they are matrices that are straight, evenly distributed, continuous, indefinitely extensive, and stationary, and that contain boundaries, bounded-off portions, and locations. Time uniquely has the properties of progression and grading. The theoretical framework proposed here for the targeting system distinguishes itself from approaches to comparable phenomena found in construction grammar, generative linguistics, computational linguistics, linguistic anthropology, language philosophy, and semiotics. Its seemingly unique features include a trigger’s initiating a hearer’s search for cues to a target, the division of such cues into ten categories, the hearer’s processing in determining this target, and the unity of this processing whether the target is inside or outside speech.

Exploring the pedagogical potential of vertical and horizontal relations in the constructicon:The case of the family of subjective-transitive constructions with decir in Spanish

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonzálvez-García
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Secondary Predication ◽  
Vertical Level ◽  
Cognitive Construction Grammar

Abstract This paper explores the pedagogical implications and implementations of a Cognitive Construction Grammar (Goldberg, Adele E. 2006. Constructions at work: The nature of generalization in language. New York: Oxford University Press) approach for the teaching of construal in the L2 class of Spanish at an advanced level. To this end, this paper focuses on instances of secondary predication (involving a direct object and an object-related XPCOMP) with decir “say” and other verbs of saying and calling in present-day Spanish, under the rubric of the denominative subjective-transitive construction. This construction comprises a number of lower-level configurations involving a reflexive direct object (the reflexive subjective-transitive construction), and an imperative verb (the imperative subjective-transitive construction). The verb decir is also frequently attested in the reflex passive construction (the impersonal subjective-transitive construction), under which two different, though closely connected, lexically-filled lo que se dice XPCOMP configurations can be posited, which may function as a focusing/emphasizer subjunct or as a summative conjunct in present-day Spanish. A default inheritance system of the type invoked in Cognitive Construction Grammar is shown to capture broad and specific generalizations at a horizontal level (among the verbs attested in the (sub-)construction(s)) and a vertical level (among constructions of varying degrees of specificity) and can thus be informally used to optimize the pedagogical efficiency of the input for the explicit instruction of grammar in the advanced Spanish L2 class.

scholarly journals Propuesta teórica de factores que impulsan la colaboración interempresarial en la etapa de la conformación de los Clusters

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando Porchini ◽  
Paula Villalpando ◽  
Mónica Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Strategic Information ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Quantitative Results

Key words: Clusters, intercompanies collaboration, intercompanies cooperation,globalizationAbstract. Present research intends to clarify relationship between intercompaniescollaboration and cluster successful conformation. This project shows theoretical concepts about clusters, origins and how clusters evolution parallels the globalization process. The investigation also clarifies differences about concepts of intercompanies cooperation and collaboration used so far without distinction. Actual scientific literature is analyzed about early phase of cluster conformation. intercompanies collaboration (C.I.) is considered key to cluster successful conformation, and highlights which key factors are most relevant in clusterconformation, its consolidation and its competitiveness. This is why this research is important regarding what theoretical framework lies behind the 7 factors recognized as the intercompanies collaboration (C.I.) construct. Such factors are: i) Interchange of strategic information (I.E.), ii) formalized and consensual rules (R.C.); iii) preexistence of particular strategies (P.E.); iv) Process of firms selection (P.S.); v) Government roll as facilitator (R.G.); vi) Expected leadership in first cluster president (L.P.) and vii) Expected leadership in first cluster manager (L.G.). This theoretical framework is the first part of an investigationpresented here in qualitative terms and the quantitative results will be presented shortly. Finally, some recommendations are presented useful to new clusters being founded in the state as well in Mexico.Palabras clave: Cluster, colaboración interempresarial, cooperación interempresarial, globalizaciónResumen. La presente investigación pretende aclarar la relación entre la colaboración interempresarial (C.I) y la conformación exitosa de un cluster descrita en la literatura científica. En este proyecto se presentan los conceptos teóricos de un Cluster, sus orígenes y como el Cluster evoluciona aparejado al proceso de la globalización. Se clarifica la diferencia entre cooperación y colaboración interempresarial usualmente usados en forma indistinta. Se identifica el marco teórico y se corrobora que la Colaboración Interempresarial es vista como indispensable para una conformación exitosa de Clusters. Adicionalmente se destacan siete factores de Colaboración interempresarial que tienen impacto en la conformación del cluster y pueden aumentar su competitividad, facilitar su evolución y su consolidación en el estado. Dichos siete factores destacados en el marco teórico son: i) el Intercambio de información estratégica (I.E.); ii) las Reglas consensuadas y formalizadas (R.C.); iii) la Preexistencia de estrategias particulares (P.E.); iv) el Proceso de selección de empresas (P.S.); v) el Rol facilitador del gobierno (R.G.); vi) el Liderazgo esperado del primer presidente del Cluster (L.P) y vii) el Liderazgo esperado del primer gerente del cluster (L.G.). Esta información es la primera parte de la investigación en forma cualitativa, los aspectos cuantitativos con resultados definitivos se presentarán próximamente. Se brindan algunas recomendaciones sobre la forma como debe ser abordada la conformación de los nuevos cluster en el estado y en México.

Constructions do not cross Languages

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Wasserscheidt
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
Linguistic Structures

In research on bilingualism it is often assumed that linguistic structures can be shared across languages. The emphasis on generalization and categorization in construction grammar also seems to imply that speakers can develop cross-linguistic representations. This contribution argues that generalizations can occur only on the semantic level. Data from typologically distinct languages shows that generalizations over form are not likely to play a role in language processing. It is further argued that neither syntactical nor grammatical form is needed in order to explain syntactic transfer.

Relative clause extraction: Pragmatic dominance, processing complexity and the nature of crosslinguistic variation

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-65
Author(s):  
John Löwenadler
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
English Sentence ◽  
Syntactic Constraint ◽  
The Right ◽  
Crosslinguistic Variation ◽  
Authentic Data ◽  
Processing Difficulty

This paper concerns crosslinguistic differences in the acceptability of so-called relative clause extraction constructions, exemplified by the unacceptable English sentence *This boat I know the guy that owns(associated with the acceptable canonical sentenceI know the guy that owns this boat). It has sometimes been argued, since Ross (1967), that such extractions are universally blocked by a syntactic constraint. However, following observations of such structures in English and other languages, some linguists have argued that such sentences have varying degrees of acceptability and that the degree of acceptability depends on attention limits and pragmatic foregroundedness/backgroundedness. Another view which appears to have gained ground in recent years is one where the degree of acceptability is directly related to processing difficulty. The analysis presented in this paper is based on a comparison between English and Swedish, and includes authentic data, examples previously discussed in the literature, as well as acceptability-tested invented sentences. In the end it will be argued that, while the dominance- and processing-based proposals are on the right track, there is a more plausible and straightforward way of explaining the observed crosslinguistic variation using the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar. Thus, an alternative account will be presented drawing on general principles which are well established within cognitive- and construction-based theories.

Construction in conversation

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Chen-Yu Chester Hsieh ◽  
Lily I-Wen Su
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Sequential Patterns ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Taiwan Mandarin ◽  
Mandarin Conversation ◽  
Account Giving ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

Abstract Although the Construction Grammar (CxG) model has yielded fruitful findings, the role that pragmatics plays in language has not yet been fully considered in this theoretical framework. The recent development of spoken corpora, however, enables construction grammarians to develop a new approach called Interactional Construction Grammar, which incorporates interactional factors into CxG analysis to account for patterns that involve interpersonal functions and global contexts. Adopting this approach, the present study attempts to examine the use of a complement-taking mental predicate xiangshuo in Taiwan Mandarin conversation and analyze the co-occurrence patterns of this cognitive verb with different subjects. We identify three sequential patterns in which xiangshuo most frequently occurs, including account-giving, contrast-projecting and involvement-constructing, and argue that only by taking into account the sequential context and interactional function can the distribution patterns of subjects and particles that recurrently collocate with xiangshuo be explained.

Construction- Based Historical-Comparative Reconstruction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jóhanna Barðdal
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
European Language ◽  
Comparative Reconstruction ◽  
Historical Comparative

This chapter examines the application of the constructional approach to syntactic reconstruction. It argues that a constructional approach to language is an optimal theoretical framework for reconstructing syntax, and explains that a constructional approach overcomes some of the alleged difficulties with syntactic reconstruction. The chapter outlines the basic premises of historical-comparative reconstruction and how the comparative method works in practice. It also shows how Construction Grammar may contribute to historical-comparative syntactic reconstruction by reconstructing one particular argument structure construction for Proto-Indo-European language.

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