Sensitivity to interpersonal timing at 3 and 6 months of age

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia Striano ◽  
Anne Henning ◽  
Daniel Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Infant Behavior ◽  
Temporal Delay ◽  
Social Contingency ◽  
Maternal Responses ◽  
Live Presentation

Sensitivity to interpersonal timing was assessed in mother–infant interaction. In Study 1, 3-month-old infants interacted with their mothers over television and the mothers’ audio-visual presentation was either live or temporally delayed by 1 second. Infants gazed longer when the mother was presented live compared to delayed by 1 second, indicating that they detected the temporal delay. In Study 2, mothers interacted with their 3-month-old infants over television and the infants’ audio-visual presentation was either live or temporally delayed by 1 second. Mothers’ behavior was not altered by a 1-second delay in their infants’ behavior compared to a live presentation. In Study 3 and 4, the results were replicated with 6-month-old infants. Whereas infants detected the temporal delay in maternal responses, mothers likely adjusted to the delay in infant behavior. The discussion focuses on the role of interpersonal timing for detecting social contingency in dyadic and triadic communication.

The role of temporal delay and repeated prospective memory cue exposure on the deactivation of completed intentions

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Walser ◽  
Franziska Plessow ◽  
Thomas Goschke ◽  
Rico Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Temporal Delay ◽  
Cue Exposure

Infant Do, Infant See: The Role of Feedback to Infant Behavior for the Understanding of Self and Others

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Anne Henning ◽  
Norbert Zmyj
Keyword(s):  
Infant Behavior

Why Did Khizr Khan’s Speech at the 2016 Democratic National Convention Go Viral? Personifying Collective Values in an Epideictic Speech

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-623
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
American Muslim ◽  
National Convention

On July 28, 2016, Mr. Khizr Khan, an American Muslim immigrant, gave a short speech at the Democratic National Convention. Khan’s speech eulogized his soldier son, attacked the Republican presidential nominee, Donald Trump, and endorsed the Democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton. The speech went “viral” within minutes, circulating rapidly on the Internet, evoking an immediate response on social media. Barely 2 days later, Trump attacked the Khan speech, the Khans responded, and the event dominated the news for days. The event and its aftermath “emerged as an unexpected and potentially pivotal flash point in the general election” (Burns, Haberman, & Parket, 2016). Why did this speech have such an effect? Using principles from Aristotle’s concept of the epideictic speech, this study examines (1) the role of surprise in the structure and visual presentation of Khan’s speech, as well as (2) the way in which Khan expressed personal and collective anger. Trump’s postconvention responses magnified the speech effect through heavy media coverage.

scholarly journals Role of Information on Women Consumer Decision Making on Food Quality: An Analysis Based on Visual Presentation of Dairy Quality Attributes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
N.T. Thilakarathne ◽  
U.K. Jayasinghe-Mudalige ◽  
J.M.M. Udagama ◽  
J.C. Edirisinghe ◽  
H.M.L.K. Herath
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Role Of Information

scholarly journals Target-Target Perceptual Similarity Within the Attentional Blink

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan M. Makarov ◽  
Elena S. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Perceptual Similarity ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Report Accuracy ◽  
Blocked Design ◽  
Shape And Size

Three experiments investigated the role of target-target perceptual similarity within the attentional blink (AB). Various geometric shapes were presented in a rapid serial visual presentation task. Targets could have 2, 1, or 0 shared features. Features included shape and size. The second target was presented after five or six different lags after the first target. The task was to detect both targets on each trial. Second-target report accuracy was increased by target-target similarity. This modulation was observed more for mixed-trial design as compared with blocked design. Results are discussed in terms of increased stability of working memory representations and reduced interference for second-target processing.

scholarly journals Luxury implications of showcasing a product with its “cast” shadow

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazuk Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Consumer Evaluations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Cast Shadow ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the role of showcasing a product with its cast shadow (formed in the ad’s background by the advertised product) on consumer product perceptions. Design/methodology/approach Three experimentally designed studies, incorporating two product categories, demonstrate the impact of visual presentation of a product with its shadow on consumer evaluations. A total of 203 participants (MTurkers, and student respondents at a southern university) provided data for these studies through questionnaires (online as well as paper-pencil formats). Findings Findings reveal that the presence of a product’s cast shadow in the ad frame increases its visual acuity, which in turn enhances its luxury perceptions. Downstream, a product shadow’s presence positively impacts its overall evaluations, through enhanced product luxury perceptions. Also, consumers with high Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics (CVPA) demonstrate a stronger liking for such product presentations. Research limitations/implications The current findings not only demonstrate the positive impact of product shadows on consumer perceptions, but also enrich the luxury and aesthetics literature streams. Practical implications Advertisers often subjectively use product shadows as stylistic tools in marketing communications. This research offers some practical guidelines to use shadows in fostering product luxury perceptions and better target aesthetically-sensitive consumers. Originality/value Advertising research suggests that visual styling and presentation of products significantly impacts consumer perceptions. However, the role of product shadows has not yet been empirically examined. This paper makes an attempt to test whether and how product shadows impact consumer perceptions.

Contrasting effects of associates and coordinates in children with and without language impairment: A picture–word interference study

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA J. BROOKS ◽  
LIAT SEIGER-GARDNER ◽  
KEVIN SAILOR
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Interference Study

ABSTRACTIn picture naming, semantic context words produce either facilitation or inhibition, depending on their relationship to the target-picture name. This study used the picture–word interference task to examine facilitative effects of associates (the word carrot paired with a picture of rabbit) and inhibitory effects of coordinates (mouse paired with a rabbit) in children and adults. Experiment 1 with adults (N = 44) documented robust associate and coordinate effects with either auditory or visual presentation of interfering words. Experiment 2 used auditory presentation of interfering words with children (N = 44, 6 years, 10 months to 11 years, half with typical development, half with specific language impairment). Children showed significant facilitation from associates but no reliable coordinate interference effect. The strength of the associative priming effect in children was correlated with their language abilities (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals scores). The results indicate the dominant role of association in facilitating word retrieval in speech production in children. In children with specific language impairment, lexical access gains weaker support from networks of associations in semantic memory.

Bias for the Left Visual Field in Rapid Serial Visual Presentation: Effects of Additional Salient Cues Suggest a Critical Role of Attention

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Śmigasiewicz ◽  
Dariusz Asanowicz ◽  
Nicole Westphal ◽  
Rolf Verleger
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Everyday experience suggests that people are equally aware of stimuli in both hemifields. However, when two streams of stimuli are rapidly presented left and right, the second target (T2) is better identified in the left hemifield than in the right hemifield. This left visual field (LVF) advantage may result from differences between hemifields in attracting attention. Therefore, we introduced a visual cue shortly before T2 onset to draw attention to one stream. Thus, to identify T2, attention was correctly positioned with valid cues but had to be redirected to the other stream with invalid ones. If the LVF advantage is caused by differences between hemifields in attracting attention, invalid cues should increase, and valid cues should reduce the LVF advantage as compared with neutral cues. This prediction was confirmed. ERP analysis revealed that cues evoked an early posterior negativity, confirming that attention was attracted by the cue. This negativity was earlier with cues in the LVF, which suggests that responses to salient events are faster in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere. Valid cues speeded up, and invalid cues delayed T2-evoked N2pc; in addition, valid cues enlarged T2-evoked P3. After N2pc, right-side T2 evoked more sustained contralateral negativity than left T2, least long-lasting after valid cues. Difficulties in identifying invalidly cued right T2 were reflected in prematurely ending P3 waveforms. Overall, these data provide evidence that the LVF advantage is because of different abilities of the hemispheres in shifting attention to relevant events in their contralateral hemifield.

The role of Olfaction in MCH-regulated spontaneous maternal responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 1719 ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamees Alhassen ◽  
Alvin Phan ◽  
Wedad Alhassen ◽  
Paul Nguyen ◽  
Alice Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Responses
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