Attention, accessibility, and the addressee

Pragmatics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Burenhult
Keyword(s):  
Object Identification ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Interaction Data ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Shape Encoding ◽  
Semantic Encoding

The detailed semantic encoding of demonstrative systems of the world’s languages has come under increased scrutiny in recent years. One important finding is that spatial (notably distance) encoding, normally considered to lie at the heart of exophoric demonstrative semantics, may be rivalled as to its ‘basicness’ by more discourse-related forms of encoding, such as the status of the addressee’s attention in relation to the referent. This paper investigates the attentional characteristics of ton, a nominal demonstrative in Jahai (Mon-Khmer, Malay Peninsula) previously considered to encode spatial proximity to addressee. It does so in light of naturalistic interaction data from a specific object-identification task originally aimed at eliciting shape-encoding distinctions (Seifart 2003).

Eight-year-olds Use of Exploratory Procedures in a Haptic Object Identification Task

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia O'dell ◽  
Carrie Brouillette ◽  
Delmon Emory ◽  
Naomi Harsy ◽  
Shannon Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Haptic Object ◽  
Exploratory Procedures

scholarly journals An ideal spacing is required for the control of Class II CRP-dependent promoters by the status of CRP K100

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Écija-Conesa ◽  
Julia Gallego-Jara ◽  
Gema Lozano Terol ◽  
Douglas F Browning ◽  
Steve J W Busby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
The Status

ABSTRACT Transcription activation by the Escherichia coli CRP at Class II promoters is dependent on direct interactions between RNA polymerase and CRP, therefore the spatial proximity between both proteins plays a significant role in the ability of CRP to activate transcription. Using both in vivo and in vitro techniques, here we demonstrate that the CRP K100 positive charge, adjacent to AR2, is required for full promoter activity when CRP is optimally positioned. Accordingly, K100 mediated activation is very position-dependent and our data confirm that the largest impact of the K100 status on transcription activation occurs when the spacing between the CRP binding site and the A2 of the −10 element is 22 bp. From the results of this study and the progress in the understanding about open complex DNA scrunching, we propose that CRP-dependent promoters should now be numbered by the distance from the center of the DNA site for CRP and the most highly conserved base at position 2 of the −10 hexamer in bacterial promoters.

scholarly journals The status of the Sumatran rhinoceros in north-eastern India

Oryx ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwaruddin Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Historical Distribution ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
North Eastern India

The historical distribution of the Sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis stretched from the foothills of the eastern Himalaya in Bhutan and north-eastern India, through Myanmar and Indo-China to Borneo and Sumatra. However, because of poaching and habitat loss the species is now struggling for survival in a few pockets of Myanmar, Thailand, the Malay peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo (Khan, 1989).

scholarly journals THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ISLAH MOVEMENT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONALISM AND ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN PRE-INDEPENDENT MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Hafiz Zakariya
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Status ◽  
Short And Long Term

The advent of the Islah movement in Malay Peninsula during the early twentieth century challenged the status quo and the existing political and religious institutions. It created a major controversy and tension between the reformists and those supporting the existing order. Consequently, some Muslims were suspicious of the reformists. This was primarily due to their non-adherence to the Shafi’i school of Islamic law, which was adopted by the majority of Muslims not only in Malay Peninsula, but the Nusantara in general. Amid such controversy, some people overlook and even dismiss the contribution of the reformists. Therefore, this article re-examines both the short and long-term contribution of the Islah movement to Malay society.

scholarly journals Corpus of Surnames of the Ilek Cossacks (Based on the 18th–19th Centuries Census Material and Parish Registers)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
Alois I. Nazarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Group ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Practical Nature ◽  
Parish Registers

The article discusses the surnames of the Ilek Cossacks — one of the local communities in the Ural Cossack Host. Nowadays, all the surviving settlements of the Ilek Cossacks are located in the southwest of the Orenburg Region, Russia. This community was shaped as a result of the formation of the Ilek fortress in 1737. Therefore, the “age” of the local group of Cossack surnames is not older than this fortress. For a long time, Ilek Cossacks rarely joined other local groups of the Ural Cossack Host. Cossacks from other stanitsas also rarely moved to the villages on the Ilek. This could have contributed to the emergence of a rather peculiar set of local surnames within the Ural Cossack Host. Until now, the surnames of Ilek Cossacks have not become a specific object of study in onomastics or related disciplines, and this paper aims to bridge this gap. Based on eight archival sources for this group of Cossacks, the author made up a list of just over 600 surnames and their variants with further classification. This list allows to solve problems of theoretical and practical nature: to analyze the evolution of the surnames from census to census and to reveal dialectal features in the surnames; to compare this list to the surnames of other communities of Ural Cossacks and various groups of the Russian people. It also lays the groundwork for a future dictionary of surnames of Ilek Cossacks. The most difficult task is the distinction, in the censuses of 1773 and 1817, between surnames and semi-patronymics formed from the full forms of church names. As a solution, the author proposes a method for determining the status of the second elements of anthroponyms such as Ivan Anufriev, Mikhail Avtonomov, Stepan Vasiliev in the books of these censuses.

scholarly journals Hybrid Dynamic-Binary ALOHA Anti-Collision Protocol in RFID Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.15) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Jongwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Tag Identification ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Identification Time ◽  
Internet Of Things Environment ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Frequency Identification

The main techniques for identifying objects in an Internet of things environment are based on radio frequency identification, in which a specific object is identified by the reader through the tag mounted on the object. When there are multiple tags in the reader’s interrogation zone, they respond simultaneously to the reader’s request, thus causing a collision between the signals sent simultaneously to the reader from those tags. Such collisions reduce the data accuracy and prolong the identification time, thus making it difficult to provide a rapid service. This paper explores a hybrid anti-collision protocol, namely, the hybrid dynamic-binary ALOHA anti-collision protocol, which is designed to prevent tag collision and to enable more stable information transmission by improving the existing tag anti-collision protocols. The proposed protocol has achieved performance enhancement by shortening the tag identification process when tag collision occurs by combining the ALOHA and binary search protocols. In contrast to the existing protocols, whereby the reader’s request is repeated after detecting a collision, the proposed protocol shortens the tag identification time by requesting only the collision bits. This contributes to a substantial reduction in the object identification time in an IoT environment.  

Visual Priming Within and Across Symbolic Format Using a Tachistoscopic Picture Identification Task: A PET Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Lebreton ◽  
Béatrice Desgranges ◽  
Brigitte Landeau ◽  
Jean-Claude Baron ◽  
Francis Eustache
Keyword(s):  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Extrastriate Cortex ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Priming Condition ◽  
Semantic Encoding ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Right

The present work was aimed at characterizing picture priming effects from two complementary behavioral and functional neuroimaging (positron emission tomography, PET) studies. In two experiments, we used the same line drawings of common living/nonliving objects in a tachistoscopic identification task to contrast two forms of priming. In the within-format priming condition (picture-picture), subjects were instructed to perform a perceptual encoding task in the study phase, whereas in the cross-format priming condition (word-picture), they were instructed to perform a semantic encoding task. In Experiment 1, we showed significant priming effects in both priming conditions. However, the magnitude of priming effects in the same-format/perceptual encoding condition was higher than that in the different-format/semantic encoding condition, while the recognition performance did not differ between the two conditions. This finding supports the existence of two forms of priming that may be subserved by different systems. Consistent with these behavioral findings, the PET data for Experiment 2 revealed distinct priming-related patterns of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) decreases for the two priming conditions when primed items were compared to unprimed items. The same-format priming condition involved reductions in cerebral activity particularly in the right extrastriate cortex and left cerebellum, while the different-format priming condition was associated with rCBF decreases in the left inferior temporo-occipital cortex, left frontal regions, and the right cerebellum. These results suggest that the extrastriate cortex may subserve general aspects of perceptual priming, independent of the kind of stimuli, and that the right part of this cortex could underlie the same-format-specific system for pictures. These data also support the idea that the cross-format/semantic encoding priming for pictures represents a form of lexico-semantic priming subserved by a semantic neural network extending from left temporo-occipital cortex to left frontal regions. These results reinforce the distinction between perceptual and conceptual priming for pictures, indicating that different cerebral processes and systems are implicated in these two forms of picture priming.

scholarly journals QUESTIONS HARDWARE BASSBOOST MAGNETO-LEVITATION VEHICLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-127
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav N DIANOV ◽  
Tamara A GEVONDYAN
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Monitoring And Diagnostics

One of the hallmarks of the magneto-levitation transport are a big, life cycle and safety. The concept of security and life-cycle are important parameters: the probability of failure, failure rate, reliability, time to return to a safe status. Improving the reliability and security of modern rolling stock is possible through the improvement of railway automatics and telemechanics. Operated system monitoring and diagnostics of rolling stock consisting of a complex stationary, airborne and mobile systems, solve the problems of the prevention of failures and accelerated deterioration, maintain the technical characteristics of the equipment at a predetermined level and providing an assigned resource. The transition to a more technically complex objects - magnetolevitation vehicles - requires additional development funds to improve reliability, including the detection and diagnosis of failure States and conditions of intermittent failures - failures. The reliability of the control and diagnostic systems have many times exceed the reliability of the rolling equipment and perform the following main functions: - settings of sensors and measurement channels the parameters for a specific object; - identification of the elements of the object, registration of extreme deviations, their localization and signaling of limit deviations of parameters; - formation of a database state changes of elements, determination of residual life of components and of the facility as a whole.

scholarly journals P1-451: WITHIN-SESSION LEARNING OF AN OBJECT IDENTIFICATION TASK PREDICTS ELEVATED BRAIN AMYLOID AND FUTURE TASK PERFORMANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P439-P440
Author(s):  
Justin M. Barber ◽  
Gregory A. Jicha ◽  
Emory Hill ◽  
Frederick A. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Future Task

Eye fixation–related potentials (EFRPs) during object identification

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIA RÄMÄ ◽  
THIERRY BACCINO
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Eye Fixation ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Eye Fixations ◽  
Current Technique ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractEye fixation–related potential (EFRP) measures electrical brain activity in response to eye fixations. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the EFRPs vary during consecutive eye fixations while subjects were performing an object identification task. Eye fixations evoked P1 and N1 components at the occipital and parietal recording sites. The latency of P1 component increased during consecutive fixations. The amplitude of P1 increased and the amplitude of N1 decreased during consecutive fixations. The results indicate that EFRPs are modulated during consecutive fixations, suggesting that the current technique may provide a useful tool to study temporal dynamics of visual perception and processes underlying object identification.

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