Effects of task repetition with written corrective feedback on the knowledge and written accuracy of learners with different prior knowledge of the structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-493
Author(s):  
Sima Khezrlou
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Task Repetition ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback

Abstract Previous task repetition studies have largely overlooked the second language learners’ development of linguistic knowledge as well as written accuracy. Furthermore, sufficient attention has not been paid to the role of written corrective feedback (WCF) in task repetition to reinforce attention to form. Moreover, studies exploring task repetition effects on learners with different prior knowledge of the target structure are rare. This study attempted to bridge these lacunas. Seventy-nine upper-intermediate learners in Iran were divided into four groups: task repetition with no feedback (TR), task repetition with metalinguistic feedback (TR+M), task repetition with direct feedback (TR+D), and task repetition with mixed direct metalinguistic feedback (TR+DM). All groups performed an error correction test that measured explicit knowledge, an elicited imitation test that tapped automatized explicit knowledge, and a picture-cued written production test that measured written accuracy. Participants performed a dictogloss task and received WCF before repeating the same task. Subsequently, they performed another dictogloss task with different content. Results revealed that the +Prior Knowledge learners in the TR+DM group gained explicit knowledge and proved slightly better than the TR+D regarding written accuracy. None of the groups, however, could develop automatized explicit knowledge.

Task repetition, synchronous written corrective feedback and the learning of Korean grammar: A classroom-based study

2020 ◽  
pp. 136216882091235
Author(s):  
YouJin Kim ◽  
Bumyong Choi ◽  
Hyunae Yun ◽  
Binna Kim ◽  
Sujeong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Task Repetition ◽  
Writing Fluency ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback

Recently, there has been a shift in the perception of tasks. Tasks are no longer viewed as ‘one-off’ activities, and the importance of studying the role of task repetition has been increasingly addressed (Bygate, 2018). However, the way task repetition effects are mediated by other instructional conditions such as corrective feedback has not been widely researched. The current study examined the effects of task repetition and indirect synchronous written corrective feedback (WCF) during collaborative writing on the quality of students’ written task performance and the learning of Korean grammar. Fifty-four Korean as a foreign language learners completed a pretest, two collaborative writing tasks, and two posttests over 10 weeks. Their task performance was analysed in terms of complexity, accuracy and fluency, and the pretest and posttest results were scored for both suppliance and accuracy of the production of target grammatical features. The findings showed that task repetition improved writing fluency, and while synchronous WCF negatively impacted fluency during collaborative writing, it facilitated accuracy in students’ writing. In terms of the learning of target grammatical features, no significant benefit of synchronous WCF was found.

The role of task repetition with direct written corrective feedback in L2 writing complexity, accuracy and fluency

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Khezrlou
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Task Repetition ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Initial Task ◽  
Writing Complexity

Abstract This study explored whether the effects of task repetition in drawing learners’ attention to linguistic form could be reinforced through the provision of two types of unfocused direct written corrective feedback. Fifty-seven learners formed three conditions: (1) task repetition with no feedback (TR, control), (2) task repetition with error correction (TR+EC), and (3) task repetition with reformulation (TR+R). All groups repeated an identical writing narrative task but only the experimental groups received feedback after their initial task performance. All participants were then asked to complete a new task of the same type followed by a new task of a different type. Performance was gauged by multiple measures of complexity, accuracy and fluency. Results revealed the persistent superiority of the TR+EC condition on all measures of accuracy while the TR+R condition led to immediate written complexity improvement regarding subordination. Furthermore, both the TR+R and TR conditions resulted in delayed fluency gains.

scholarly journals Usos de la preposición “a”: procesamiento cognitivo en la corrección de errores en aprendientes de ELE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Anita Ferreira ◽  
René Edgardo Oportus Torres
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Proficiency Levels ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
French And English ◽  
Load Increase

This study examines experimentally processing response time (rt) (Jiang 2012) of two types of written corrective feedback (WCF) in the treatment of errors of preposition a in the values of date, manner, and its use as a direct object marker. The researched types of WCF are Direct, and Indirect Written Metalinguistic Feedback (DWMF and IWMF, respectively) whose rt are analyzed according to its effectiveness and subjects’ variables of proficiency (Levels A2 and B1), and mother tongue (German, French, and English). Main findings include greater rt generated by IWMF, manner, and date. The latter also presents a cognitive load increase in level B1. Additionally, rt also appears to be affected by mother tongue, with the lowest cognitive load in English L1, and the greatest in German and French. This study contributes with evidence that indicates the complexity of WCF processing, particularly for the treatment of preposition a related errors.

Effects of written corrective feedback and language aptitude on verb tense accuracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Benson ◽  
Robert DeKeyser
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Writing Classes ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Learner Differences ◽  
Direct Feedback

Most second language researchers agree that there is a role for corrective feedback in second language writing classes. However, many unanswered questions remain concerning the linguistic features to target and the type and amount of feedback to offer. This study examined essays by 151 learners of English as a second language (ESL), in order to investigate the effect of either direct or metalinguistic written feedback on errors with the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. This inquiry also considered the extent to which learner differences in language-analytic ability (LAA), as measured by the LLAMA F, mediated the effects of these two types of explicit written corrective feedback. Learners in both feedback groups were provided with corrective feedback on two essays whereas the control group received general comments on content. Learners in all three groups then completed two additional writing tasks to determine whether or not the provision of corrective feedback led to greater gains in accuracy compared to no feedback. Both treatment groups performed better than the comparison group on new pieces of writing immediately following the treatment sessions, yet direct feedback was more durable than metalinguistic feedback for one structure, the simple past tense. Participants with greater LAA proved more likely to achieve gains in the direct feedback group than in the metalinguistic group, whereas learners with lower LAA benefited more from metalinguistic feedback.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Impact of Metalinguistic Feedback and Explicit Correction on the Writing Performance of Iranian EFL Learners

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Yazdan Azizi Khah ◽  
Majid Farahian
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Writing Performance ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Writing Assignment ◽  
The Impact

<p>The present study aimed at investigating the impact of two different strategies of providing written corrective feedback on English as foreign language (EFL) learners’ writing performance. To achieve this goal, sixty EFL learners who participated in the study were assigned into two groups. Throughout the period of the study, two techniques of written feedback, metalinguistic feedback and explicit correction feedback were put into practice as the treatment. The first writing assignment was used as the pretest and the last writing assignment was the posttest. To determine the proficiency level of the participants, A Nelson English Proficiency Test was used. The result of the paired t-tests showed that the writing performance of two groups improved; however, the independent t-test was performed between the posttests of the two groups indicated that the group with metalinguistic feedback had greater improvement than the group which received the explicit correction feedback. The findings suggest that providing teacher corrective feedback is effective in reducing EFL learners’ grammatical errors and improves their writing achievement.</p>

CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AND WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY IN INTERACTION-DRIVEN L2 LEARNING

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaemyung Goo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Span Tasks

The present study explores the relative efficacy of recasts over metalinguistic feedback on the learning of the Englishthat-trace filter and how working memory capacity (WMC) is related to the extent to which learners can benefit from recasts and metalinguistic feedback. Fifty-four Korean English as a foreign language (EFL) learners from six intact classes at a university formed two experimental groups (recasts and metalinguistic feedback) and one control group and carried out two first language (L1) working memory (WM) span tasks (reading span and operation span tasks). The two experimental groups participated in two information gap activities over two treatment sessions, during which they were required to ask questions involving thethat-trace filter and received corrective feedback (either recasts or metalinguistic feedback) on their erroneous utterances. Two dependent variable measures (a written production test and a grammaticality judgment test) were administered in each test session (pretest and immediate posttest). Results showed that recasts were as effective as metalinguistic feedback in facilitating the acquisition of the target construction. This may, to some extent, be attributable to the blocking of modified output opportunities specifically designed in this study to prevent modified output from playing a potential role as a confound. Also, individual differences in WMC significantly predicted, and thus mediated the effects of, recasts but not metalinguistic feedback, on the acquisition of thethat-trace filter. This suggests that executive attention or attention control (considered as a critical component of WMC) is involved in the noticing of recasts, but not in the noticing of metalinguistic feedback.

scholarly journals Investigating the Roles of Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in the Production of Grammatical Errors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murniati Murniati
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Implicit Knowledge ◽  
Production Test ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
Grammatical Errors

This research aims to investigate the role of implicit and/or explicit knowledge in the production of grammatical errors in academic texts. Explicit knowledge is defined as conscious and declarative knowledge used to monitor language production while implicit knowledge is defined as an intuitive knowledge which enables the second language learners to use the language spontaneously without any reflection (Zhang, 2015). The reasons why this research is conducted is due to the fact that the students are still producing errors even though they have learnt English since elementary school. The data is gained from the academic text written down by fifteen English department students studying in a university in Jakarta. It is analyzed by using two different measurements: (1) Delayed Grammatical Judgment Tests (GJT), and (2) Interview including Metalingual Comment to investigate the role of explicit knowledge in the production of grammatical errors. The other two measurements are also used; they are (1) Timed Grammaticality Judgment Test (TGJT), and (2) Oral Production Test (OPT) to investigate the role of implicit knowledge. The results show that 19.2% of grammatical errors are produced due to the implicit knowledge and 80.8% is due to explicit knowledge. Since the explicit knowledge plays an important role in producing the grammatical errors, it can be concluded that teaching English grammar for university students is still important. If possible, the English Grammar lessons should be given more rooms in the overall curriculum

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