Hepatic function in rats with dietary-induced fatty liver, as measured by the uptake of indocyanine green

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jahoor ◽  
Alan A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Liver Lobule ◽  
Periportal Zone ◽  
Predominant Effect

1. The hepatic uptake of indocyanine green (ICG) has been measured in rats receiving a 50 g protein/kg diet for 6, 12 or 20 d or a choline-deficient diet for 2 or 6 d.2. There was no effect on ICG uptake on the choline-deficient diet, although all the rats developed an intense fatty infiltration of the liver by 6 d.3. The rats on the 50 g protein/kg diet showed impaired uptake of ICG at 6, 12 and 20 d, which appeared to be related to the extent of fatty infiltration.4. It is concluded that ICG uptake is predominantly a function of the periportal zone of the liver lobule, and therefore likely to be sensitive to insults that exert their predominant effect in this zone.

scholarly journals GPCRs get Fatty: The Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in the Development and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kurtz ◽  
Meghan F Anderman ◽  
Blythe D Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), characterized by the abnormal deposition of lipids within the liver not due to alcohol consumption, is a growing epidemic affecting over 30% of the US population. Both simple fatty liver and its more severe counterpart, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represent one of the most common forms of liver disease. Recently, several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have emerged as targets for therapeutic intervention for these disorders. These include those with known hepatic function as well as those involved in global metabolic regulation. In this review, we highlight these emerging therapeutic targets, focusing on several common themes including their activation by microbial metabolites, stimulatory effect on insulin and incretin secretion, and contribution to glucose tolerance. The overlap in ligands, localization, and downstream effects of activation indicate the interdependent nature of these receptors and highlight the importance of this signaling family in the development and prevention of NAFLD.

Hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of Indocyanine green and its use in estimation of hepatic blood flow in dogs

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigmund G. Ketterer ◽  
Bernard D. Wiegand ◽  
Elliot Rapaport
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Liver Blood Flow ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Volume Recovery

Indocyanine green when injected intravenously into normal dogs rapidly disappears, after mixing, from the circulation in an initial exponential fashion. This property enables one to calculate its original volume of distribution and its clearance from the circulation. The initial volume of distribution corresponded closely with the circulating plasma volume. Recovery of the dye from surgically created biliary fistulas approached 100% of the injected amounts and averaged 91%. During constant infusion, significant hepatic arteriovenous differences in dye concentrations occurred, making it possible to calculate hepatic clearances, extraction ratios and liver blood flow. The values obtained by the latter method agreed well with those obtained following single injections. The virtually complete hepatic uptake of Indocyanine green, ease of quantitative plasma and biliary determinations and its exponential loss from the circulation with a short half-life provide advantages over previously used substances in evaluating hepatic function and blood flow.

Hepatic removal of two fractions of indocyanine green after bolus injection in anesthetized pigs

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. G1108-G1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ott ◽  
S. Keiding ◽  
A. H. Johnsen ◽  
L. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Hepatic Extraction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Extraction Fraction ◽  
Disappearance Curve ◽  
Detailed Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Plasma Disappearance Curve

In the anesthetized pig, we studied the kinetics after intravenous bolus injection of two fractions of indocyanine green (ICG): the genuine ICGg (95-99% of total) and a degradation product, ICGdp (1-5%). Plasma concentrations were followed in the carotid artery and a hepatic vein. ICGg disappearance curves (n = 7) were biexponential with rate constants alpha = 0.189 +/- 0.021 min-1 and beta = 0.0356 +/- 0.0061 min-1. The hepatic extraction fraction was constant with time. A detailed mathematical analysis showed this to be in disagreement with the conventional assumption that the biexponential plasma disappearance curve is a result of backflux from the liver storage to plasma. In contrast, our observations were predicted by an alternative model assuming temporary extrahepatic, extravasal redistribution during first-order, one-way hepatic uptake. Nevertheless, when a large bolus of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) was injected 20 min after ICG, a net backflux of ICG could be demonstrated, presumably due to countertransport. Thus a sufficient description of ICGg kinetics must include the complex kinetic behavior of the hepatic membrane carrier involved. Mass spectrometry suggested that ICGdp is formed by two ICGg molecules. Plasma elimination of ICGdp was slower (alpha = 0.0094 +/- 0.0007 min-1). Analysis of the bile after bolus injection (n = 2) of ICGdp revealed two possible metabolites of ICGdp that were not found in urine. Since BSP injection did not alter the ICGdp disappearance curve, ICGdp is probably not taken up by the same hepatic membrane carrier as ICGg.

scholarly journals S100A4 Gene is Crucial for Methionine-Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Hua Zhang ◽  
De-Qiang Ma ◽  
De-Ping Ding ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Lin-Li Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of copper-nicotinate complex against fatty liver in rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1903-1910
Author(s):  
Ahmed Medhat Hegazy ◽  
Ayman Samir Farid ◽  
Ahmed S. Hafez ◽  
Rania M. Eid ◽  
Soad M. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: The current study was designed to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of copper-nicotinate complex (CNC) against methionine- and choline-deficient diet (MCDD)-induced fatty liver in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into one of four equal-sized groups (G1-G4). The G1 group was fed a balanced diet and kept under normal conditions; the G2 group received CNC orally at a dose of 0.043 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/week for 4 weeks, and a balanced diet; the G3 group was fed an MCDD for 4 weeks; and the G4 group was fed an MCDD and administered CNC at the same dose and route as G2. Blood samples were collected for the determination of serum enzyme activity. After 4 weeks of treatment, liver specimens were collected for the evaluation of the oxidative/antioxidative markers, cytokine gene expression, and histopathological examination. Results: CNC improved MCDD-induced liver dysfunctions by recovering serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities to their normal levels. The glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly decreased, while lipid peroxidation (as reflected by malondialdehyde [MDA]) markedly increased in the liver tissue of the MCDD group. After cotreatment with MCDD and CNC, the GSH level and SOD activity markedly increased and the MDA level significantly decreased to return to normal levels. After cotreatment with MCDD and CNC, significant downregulation of the mRNA expression of hepatic interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, macrophage inflammatory protein-1a, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 genes was found. Moreover, CNC reduced fatty liver complications by reducing the number of hepatic vacuolations, degenerative changes in the hepatocytes, and hemorrhage. Conclusion: CNC has the potential to limit tissue injury and possibly prevent the progression to severe liver disease caused by an MCDD.

scholarly journals Biochemical aspects associated with an ethanol-induced fatty liver

1970 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. C. Walker ◽  
Ellen R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Hepatic Triglyceride ◽  
Triglyceride Content ◽  
Increased Activity

Isocaloric replacement of either the fat or carbohydrate content of the diet by ethanol (36% of the total caloric intake) produced fatty infiltration of the liver in rats. The increase in hepatic triglyceride content was associated with a decrease in both ATP and glycogen contents. Increased activity of mitochondrial Mg2+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase paralleled the increase in the free Pi content of the liver homogenate. During the regression of the fatty liver, glycogen contents returned to normal within 24h of the removal of ethanol from the diet. Not until the third day after the withdrawal of ethanol had the Mg2+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity and free Pi content of the homogenate returned to normal. A slow regression of the triglyceride content from the liver occurred and by the fifth day both ATP and triglyceride concentrations had returned to the values observed in the rats given the liquid control diet.

The effect of estrogen on the fatty liver induced in rats by choline deficient diet

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
Y. Ohno ◽  
K. Ariga ◽  
M. Hase ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
Y. Arakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Deficient Diet
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document